Covid-19: Molecular and Clinical Approach

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DOI :10.26650/BB/CH22.2020.008.05   IUP :10.26650/BB/CH22.2020.008.05    Full Text (PDF)

The Serial Killer of Our Age: Coronavirus. Mechanisms Used by Coronavirus and Relevant Clinical Laboratory Parameters

Uzay Görmüş

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Clinical findings are similar but not the same as with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS): high positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) and fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) levels, computed tomography (CT) changes in lung tissue disproportionate with hypoxemia, disproportionately high D-dimer levels. Unfortunately, lungs are not the only organs to be affected, there are severe outcomes of the disease which may cause multiorgan failure. The virüs can even attack the mature red blood cells which contain neither nucleus nor DNA. This makes the situation very interesting and difficult to understand. In mild forms of the disease, lymphopenia (the most common finding), leukopenia and CRP increase are observed; while in advanced forms, AST, ALT, CK, D-dimer, ferritin and LDH levels increase. This review was written to summarize the laboratory changes in COVID-19 and the reasons of those changes. There are still many debates nearly about all aspects, but investigators work hard to find vaccine. The more we know, the faster we can find solution(s) to the problem.


Keywords: COVID-19, RT-PCR, immunochemical test, test use
DOI :10.26650/BB/CH22.2020.008.05   IUP :10.26650/BB/CH22.2020.008.05    Full Text (PDF)

Çağımızın Seri Katili Koronavirüs’ün Etki Mekanizmaları ve İlgili Klinik Laboratuvar Analizleri

Uzay Görmüş

Koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 (COVID-19), şiddetli akut solunum sendromu koronavirüs-2’nin (SARS–CoV–2) neden olduğu akut bir solunum yolu enfeksiyon hastalığıdır. Klinik bulgular Akut solunum sıkıntısı sendromu (ARDS)’ye benzemekle beraber aynı değildir: yüksek pozitif son ekspiratuar basınç (PEEP) ve solunan havanın oksijen oranı (FiO2) seviyelerine, akciğer dokusunda orantısız bilgisayarlı tomografi (BT) değişikliklerine, hipoksemiye, orantısız olarak yüksek D-dimer seviyelerine rastlanmaktadır. Ne yazık ki, sadece akciğerler etkilenmemektedir, hastalığın çoklu organ yetmezliğine neden olabilecek ciddi sonuçları da vardır. Bu virüs, çekirdek veya DNA içermeyen olgun kırmızı kan hücrelerine bile saldırabilmektedir. Bu da, durumu daha ilginç ve anlaşılması zor bir hale getirmektedir. Hastalığın hafif formlarında lenfopeni (en yaygın bulgu), lökopeni ve CRP artışı gözlenirken; ileri formlarda AST, ALT, CK, D-dimer, ferritin ve LDH seviyeleri yükselmektedir. Bu inceleme, COVID-19’daki laboratuvar değişikliklerini ve bu değişikliklerin nedenlerini özetlemek için yazılmıştır. COVID-19 hakkında hala birçok tartışma bulunmakla birlikte, araştırmacılar aşı geliştirebilmek için yoğun bir şekilde çalışmaktadırlar. Elde edilen tüm veriler sorunun hızlı çözüme ulaşmasına katkıda bulunacaktır. İnsanlık tarihi aslında bugüne kadar çeşitli aralıklarla ortaya çıkan birbirinden farklı, bir kısmı birbiriyle akraba olan çeşitli bakteri ve virüs salgınlarıyla doludur. Koronavirüs hakkında bilinenler henüz sınırlı ve virüsün kullandığı silahların bütün detayları tanınmasa da insan vücudunda yaptığı etkiler tanımlanabilmektedir. Burada genel olarak koronavirüs hakkında şu ana kadar bildiklerimiz ve klinik laboratuvara yansıyan etkileri detaylı olarak tartışılmıştır.


Keywords: COVID-19, RT-PCR, immünokimyasal test, test kullanımı

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