The Nexus Between Economic Freedom and Tourist Arrivals: Evidence from Mediterranean Countries

Öcal Oğuz; Altınöz Buket; Aslan Alper

doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2020-825490

Research Article

DOI :10.26650/ISTJECON2020-825490 IUP :10.26650/ISTJECON2020-825490 Full Text (PDF)

The Nexus Between Economic Freedom and Tourist Arrivals: Evidence from Mediterranean Countries

Mediterranean countries are indispensable places of tourism with their world-famous shores, wonderful climate and impressive historical places. The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between tourist arrivals and economic freedom indicators such as government integrity, tax burden, government spending, business freedom and trade freedom. For this purpose, the panel vector autoregression (PVAR) method was used for a Mediterranean countries sample covering the period from 1996 to 2016. The results of causality testing showed that the tourist arrivals have a bidirectional causality relationship with each explanatory variable, while the coefficient estimates showed that an increase in economic freedom indices affected tourist arrivals negatively in Mediterranean countries. That is, economic freedoms do not mean an advantage for tourists without supportive public policies for tourism. The test results suggest that policymakers should take into account the various aspects of the tourism sector, particularly natural resources and environmental factors, while making policies that increase economic freedom in Mediterranean countries.

Keywords: Tourism, Economic freedom, Panel VAR, Causality

JEL Classification : B22 , C23 , L83

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APA

Öcal, O., Altınöz, B., & Aslan, A. (2020). The Nexus Between Economic Freedom and Tourist Arrivals: Evidence from Mediterranean Countries. Istanbul Journal of Economics, 70(2), 287-301. https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2020-825490

AMA

Öcal O, Altınöz B, Aslan A. The Nexus Between Economic Freedom and Tourist Arrivals: Evidence from Mediterranean Countries. Istanbul Journal of Economics. 2020;70(2):287-301. https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2020-825490

ABNT

Öcal, O.; Altınöz, B.; Aslan, A. The Nexus Between Economic Freedom and Tourist Arrivals: Evidence from Mediterranean Countries. Istanbul Journal of Economics, [Publisher Location], v. 70, n. 2, p. 287-301, 2020.

Chicago: Author-Date Style

Öcal, Oğuz, and Buket Altınöz and Alper Aslan. 2020. “The Nexus Between Economic Freedom and Tourist Arrivals: Evidence from Mediterranean Countries.” Istanbul Journal of Economics 70, no. 2: 287-301. https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2020-825490

Chicago: Humanities Style

Öcal, Oğuz, and Buket Altınöz and Alper Aslan. “The Nexus Between Economic Freedom and Tourist Arrivals: Evidence from Mediterranean Countries.” Istanbul Journal of Economics 70, no. 2 (Apr. 2024): 287-301. https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2020-825490

Harvard: Australian Style

Öcal, O & Altınöz, B & Aslan, A 2020, 'The Nexus Between Economic Freedom and Tourist Arrivals: Evidence from Mediterranean Countries', Istanbul Journal of Economics, vol. 70, no. 2, pp. 287-301, viewed 25 Apr. 2024, https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2020-825490

Harvard: Author-Date Style

Öcal, O. and Altınöz, B. and Aslan, A. (2020) ‘The Nexus Between Economic Freedom and Tourist Arrivals: Evidence from Mediterranean Countries’, Istanbul Journal of Economics, 70(2), pp. 287-301. https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2020-825490 (25 Apr. 2024).

MLA

Öcal, Oğuz, and Buket Altınöz and Alper Aslan. “The Nexus Between Economic Freedom and Tourist Arrivals: Evidence from Mediterranean Countries.” Istanbul Journal of Economics, vol. 70, no. 2, 2020, pp. 287-301. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2020-825490

Vancouver

Öcal O, Altınöz B, Aslan A. The Nexus Between Economic Freedom and Tourist Arrivals: Evidence from Mediterranean Countries. Istanbul Journal of Economics [Internet]. 25 Apr. 2024 [cited 25 Apr. 2024];70(2):287-301. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2020-825490 doi: 10.26650/ISTJECON2020-825490

ISNAD

Öcal, Oğuz - Altınöz, Buket - Aslan, Alper. “The Nexus Between Economic Freedom and Tourist Arrivals: Evidence from Mediterranean Countries”. Istanbul Journal of Economics 70/2 (Apr. 2024): 287-301. https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2020-825490

Volume 70, Issue 22020, P. 287-301

TIMELINE

Submitted	13.11.2020
Accepted	08.12.2020
Published Online	31.12.2020

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The Nexus Between Economic Freedom and Tourist Arrivals: Evidence from Mediterranean Countries

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