Araştırma Makalesi


DOI :10.26650/jol.2022.1156657   IUP :10.26650/jol.2022.1156657    Tam Metin (PDF)

The Impact on Language Maintenance and Studies Among Third- and Fourth-Generation Turkish Students in Melbourne, in the Era of COVID-19

Tülay Et Bozkurt

The research into the maintenance of the Turkish language amongst third- and fourth-generation of Turkish students enrolled into the study of the heritage language is part of a greater ethnographic study on Family Language Policy (FLP) of second- and third-generation Turkish parents in Melbourne, Australia. The study investigated the strategies implemented by families in promoting language choice and methods towards maintenance practices of the heritage language. The research also begins to reveal the impact of declining enrolment numbers into the study of the Turkish language and its impact on language maintenance. Data was collected on the language beliefs and practices of forty-five bilingual families through participant observation and in-depth interviews amongst intergenerational family members including parents, children, and grandparents. The current research stemmed from the initial study to investigate an extensive element specific to the maintenance and study of the Turkish language. The subsequent research was instigated during the COVID-19 pandemic, whereby school closures and remote learning were prominent. Families with students enrolled into the study of the Turkish language took part in an online chat forum discussing the impact onsite school closures had on the maintenance of Turkish studies and the continued declining enrolment numbers. Whilst the family home remains for most migrant communities the main domain for language maintenance, formal studies of language education offer an additional platform derived towards heritage language practice as a further strategy in family language policy and planning. The findings reveal that whilst the study of the Turkish language was once a foundation essential for heritage language maintenance amongst the implementations of first-generation Turkish parents, raising their children bilingual; current data reflects a shift in generations to follow second-generation Turkish. The findings reveal the declining enrolment numbers into the study of the Turkish language as an additional factor to the shift in language preference and language maintenance.


PDF Görünüm

Referanslar

  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2021). Mental Health Services in Australia. Australian Government. google scholar
  • Bird, K.A., Castleman, B.L. & Lohner, G. (2021). Negative Impacts from the Shift to Online Learning During the COVID-19 Crisis: Evidence from a Statewide Community College System. Edworking Papers, Annenberg Institute for School Reform, Brown University, Rhode Island. google scholar
  • Brown, N., te Riele, K., Shelley, B. & Woodroffe, J. (2020). Learning at Home During COVID-19: Effects on Vulnerable Young Australians. University of Tasmania, Australia. google scholar
  • Clyne, M. (1982). Multilingual Australia: Resources, Needs, Policies. River Seine Publishing, Melbourne. google scholar
  • Clyne, M. (1991). Community Languages: The Australian Experience. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. google scholar
  • Clyne, M. (2005). Australia’s Language Potential. Sydney, Australia: University of New South Wales Press Ltd. google scholar
  • Clyne, M. & Kipp, S. (1997). Trends and Changes in Home Language Use and Shift in Australia, 1986-1996. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, Vol. 18, No. 6. google scholar
  • Clyne, M. & Kipp, S. (2003). Trends in the Shift from Community Languages: Insights from the 2001 Census. People and Place, Vol. 11, No. 1, Australia. google scholar
  • Department of Education and Training. (2020). Languages Provision in Victorian Government Schools. Victoria State Government, Victoria. google scholar
  • Et-Bozkurt, T. & Yağmur, K. (2022). Family Language Policy Among Second- and Third-Generation Turkish Parents in Melbourne, Australia. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, Vol.43, Issue 2. google scholar
  • Fishman, J.A. (1977). Language and Ethnicity. In H. Giles (Ed.) Language, Ethnicity and Intergroup Relations. London, UK: Academic Press. google scholar
  • Fishman, J.A. (1991). Reversing Language Shift: Theoretical and Empirical Foundations of Assistance to Threatened Languages. Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters. google scholar
  • Fishman, J.A. (1996). What Do You Lose When Your Lose Your Language? In Stabilizing Indigenous Languages. ERIC Clearing House, Washington D.C. google scholar
  • Fishman, J.A. (2001). Can Threatened Languages Be Saved? Reversing Language Shift, Revisited: A 21st Century Perspective. Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters. google scholar
  • Giles, H., Bourhis, R.Y. & Taylor, D.M. (1977). Towards a Theory of Language in Ethnic Group Relations. In Giles, H. (ed.) Language, Ethnicity and Intergroup Relations. London, UK: Academic Press. google scholar
  • Glaser, B. & Strauss, A. (1967). The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. Sociology Press, Mill Valley, California. google scholar
  • Halupa, C.P. (2016). Risks: Impact of Online Learning and Technology on Student Physical, Mental, Emotional and Social Health. East Texas Baptist University, Texas. google scholar
  • Kipp. S, Clyne. M & Pauwels. A. (1995). Immigration and Australia’s Language Resources. Canberra, Australia: Australian Government Publishing Service. google scholar
  • Lo Bianco, J. (1987). National Policy on Languages. In Baldauf, R.B. Jr. & Luke, A. (Ed.) Language Planning and Education in Australasia and the South Pacific. Multilingual Matters, Philadelphia, Clevedon, 1990. google scholar
  • Lo Bianco, J. (2009). Second Languages and Australian Schooling. ACER Press, Camberwell, Victoria. google scholar
  • Pauwels, A. (2005). Maintaining the Community Language in Australia: Challenges and Roles for Families. The International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, Vol. 8, No. 2 & 3, Australia. google scholar
  • Slaughter, Y & Hajek, J. (2007). Community Languages and LOTE Provision in Victorian Primary Schools: Mix or Match? Australian Review of Applied Linguistics, Vol. 30, No.1, Australian. google scholar
  • Spolsky, B. (2007). Towards a Theory of Language Policy. Working Papers in Educational Linguistics, Vol. 22, No.1. google scholar
  • Spolsky, B. (2012). Family Language Policy- the Critical Domain. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, London, United Kingdom. google scholar
  • Victorian Curriculum and Assessment Authority. (2022). VCE Graded Assessment: LOTE Turkish, 2021. google scholar
  • Victorian Tertiary Admissions Centre. (2022). Scaling Report, 2021. google scholar
  • Wexler, L. (2009). The Importance of Identity, History and Culture in the Wellbeing of Indigenous Youth. Journal of the History of Childhood and Youth, John Hopkins University Press, Vol. 2, No.2. google scholar
  • Yağmur, K. de Bot, K. & Korzilius, H. (1999). Language Attrition, Language Shift and Ethnolinguistic Vitality of Turkish in Australia. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, Vol. 20, No.1. google scholar
  • Yağmur, K. (2014). Intergenerational Differences in Acculturation Orientations of Turkish Speakers in Australia. Bilig (Journal of Social Sciences in the Turkic World, No.70. google scholar

Atıflar

Biçimlendirilmiş bir atıfı kopyalayıp yapıştırın veya seçtiğiniz biçimde dışa aktarmak için seçeneklerden birini kullanın


DIŞA AKTAR



APA

Et Bozkurt, T. (2022). The Impact on Language Maintenance and Studies Among Third- and Fourth-Generation Turkish Students in Melbourne, in the Era of COVID-19. Dilbilim Dergisi, 0(38), 61-77. https://doi.org/10.26650/jol.2022.1156657


AMA

Et Bozkurt T. The Impact on Language Maintenance and Studies Among Third- and Fourth-Generation Turkish Students in Melbourne, in the Era of COVID-19. Dilbilim Dergisi. 2022;0(38):61-77. https://doi.org/10.26650/jol.2022.1156657


ABNT

Et Bozkurt, T. The Impact on Language Maintenance and Studies Among Third- and Fourth-Generation Turkish Students in Melbourne, in the Era of COVID-19. Dilbilim Dergisi, [Publisher Location], v. 0, n. 38, p. 61-77, 2022.


Chicago: Author-Date Style

Et Bozkurt, Tülay,. 2022. “The Impact on Language Maintenance and Studies Among Third- and Fourth-Generation Turkish Students in Melbourne, in the Era of COVID-19.” Dilbilim Dergisi 0, no. 38: 61-77. https://doi.org/10.26650/jol.2022.1156657


Chicago: Humanities Style

Et Bozkurt, Tülay,. The Impact on Language Maintenance and Studies Among Third- and Fourth-Generation Turkish Students in Melbourne, in the Era of COVID-19.” Dilbilim Dergisi 0, no. 38 (Apr. 2024): 61-77. https://doi.org/10.26650/jol.2022.1156657


Harvard: Australian Style

Et Bozkurt, T 2022, 'The Impact on Language Maintenance and Studies Among Third- and Fourth-Generation Turkish Students in Melbourne, in the Era of COVID-19', Dilbilim Dergisi, vol. 0, no. 38, pp. 61-77, viewed 20 Apr. 2024, https://doi.org/10.26650/jol.2022.1156657


Harvard: Author-Date Style

Et Bozkurt, T. (2022) ‘The Impact on Language Maintenance and Studies Among Third- and Fourth-Generation Turkish Students in Melbourne, in the Era of COVID-19’, Dilbilim Dergisi, 0(38), pp. 61-77. https://doi.org/10.26650/jol.2022.1156657 (20 Apr. 2024).


MLA

Et Bozkurt, Tülay,. The Impact on Language Maintenance and Studies Among Third- and Fourth-Generation Turkish Students in Melbourne, in the Era of COVID-19.” Dilbilim Dergisi, vol. 0, no. 38, 2022, pp. 61-77. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.26650/jol.2022.1156657


Vancouver

Et Bozkurt T. The Impact on Language Maintenance and Studies Among Third- and Fourth-Generation Turkish Students in Melbourne, in the Era of COVID-19. Dilbilim Dergisi [Internet]. 20 Apr. 2024 [cited 20 Apr. 2024];0(38):61-77. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26650/jol.2022.1156657 doi: 10.26650/jol.2022.1156657


ISNAD

Et Bozkurt, Tülay. The Impact on Language Maintenance and Studies Among Third- and Fourth-Generation Turkish Students in Melbourne, in the Era of COVID-19”. Dilbilim Dergisi 0/38 (Apr. 2024): 61-77. https://doi.org/10.26650/jol.2022.1156657



ZAMAN ÇİZELGESİ


Gönderim05.08.2022
Kabul18.08.2022
Çevrimiçi Yayınlanma06.10.2022

LİSANS


Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC)

This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon your work non-commercially, and although their new works must also acknowledge you and be non-commercial, they don’t have to license their derivative works on the same terms.


PAYLAŞ




İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınları, uluslararası yayıncılık standartları ve etiğine uygun olarak, yüksek kalitede bilimsel dergi ve kitapların yayınlanmasıyla giderek artan bilimsel bilginin yayılmasına katkıda bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır. İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınları açık erişimli, ticari olmayan, bilimsel yayıncılığı takip etmektedir.