1st Istanbul International Geography Congress Proceedings Book
Coastal fill areas and usage in the Anatolian side of Istanbul
Sultan Murat Uzun, Özlem AkyüzThe coasts are the areas where with different geomorphological units, natural and human interaction and changes are experienced intensively and rapidly. Today, as a result of increasing human pressure, coastal filling activities are carried out in order to gain space. In recent years, due to different needs, coastal filling works have been intensified in our country. In this study, it is aimed to determine the coastal filling areas on the Anatolian side of Istanbul, the existing coastal usage in these areas, the effect of the coastal filling areas on the morphological structure of the coast, the changes and various problems. For this purpose, aerial photographs and satellite images of 1946, 1966, 1970, 2017 and 2018 were combined with the help of geographic information systems (GIS) and coastal filling areas were determined. A total of 9.34 km2 coastal filling area was found in the Anatolian side of Istanbul. Coastal filling areas are observed to be concentrated in certain areas in the study area. Current coastal use in coastal fill areas has been determined in 12 different types from satellite imagery, zoning plans and field observations, and distribution and numerical data have been reflected in the study. While the usage of the coastal fillings of the Anatolian side of Istanbul on the Marmara Sea was created for green space and transportation purposes, it was created due to the need of pier on the shores of the Bosphorus and Black Sea. It has been observed that the effects of anthropogenic interventions and the related results on the coasts of the Anatolian Side of Istanbul do not feel the same rate in every region. Although the changes in the coastal fill areas and the topographic structure of the coast have negative effects on the dynamic process of the coast, they contribute to the human structure of these areas in economic and cultural developments. For this reason, the concept of sustainability should be prioritized in the creation of coastal filling areas or in the management of the areas created.