CHAPTER


DOI :10.26650/B/LSB23LSB24.2024.026.011   IUP :10.26650/B/LSB23LSB24.2024.026.011    Full Text (PDF)

Thermal Processes - Sous Vide Technique

Hande Doğruyol

The “sous vide” technique is one of the innovative food processing techniques. Sous vide is a French term translated as “under vacuum”. This technique involves preparing food, which is placed in vacuum bags and sealed under a vacuum. Then, the food is cooked in a temperature-controlled sous vide device, water bath, or steam oven for a predetermined time. As soon as the cooking process ends, the food in the vacuum bag can be served and consumed directly. On the other hand, after rapid cooling, it can be cold-stored for a certain shelf life. Since foods prepared with the sous vide technique are cooked in packs, they do not lose vitamins, minerals, and nutritional value. In addition, the moisture content of the food is retained, and its sensory properties are preserved at the highest level. The removal of air and oxygen in the package slows the oxidation process in food, which may oxidise rapidly. In fatty fish rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, rancidity caused by oxidation can be avoided throughout their shelf life. The evolving socioeconomic structure, the rise in working women, and the lack of time to prepare meals at home due to busy daily activities have led people to cook or buy ready-to-eat foods. Furthermore, attention has increased to minimally processed foods without additives and a longer shelf life. Instead of raw materials, the need for preprocessed foods that can inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms has amplified. This section also discusses consumers’ concerns about sous vide food safety.


DOI :10.26650/B/LSB23LSB24.2024.026.011   IUP :10.26650/B/LSB23LSB24.2024.026.011    Full Text (PDF)

Isıl Uygulamalar - Sous Vide Tekni̇ği̇

Hande Doğruyol

Yenilikçi gıda işleme tekniklerinden biri olan “sous vide” tekniği, Fransızca bir terim olup dilimize “vakum altında” olarak tercüme edilmektedir. Bu teknikte gıda hazırlandıktan sonra vakum poşetlere koyulmakta ve sızdırmaz bir şekilde vakum altında kapatılmaktadır. Ardından sous vide cihazı, su banyosu veya buhar fırınında, belirli bir sıcaklıkta ve belirli bir süre boyunca kontrollü olarak pişirilmektedir. Süre sonunda vakum poşette bulunan gıda, direkt servis edilerek tüketilebileceği gibi, ani soğutma yapılarak soğuk depoda belirlenen raf ömrü boyunca muhafaza da edilebilmektedir. Sous vide tekniği ile hazırlanan gıdalar, ambalaj içerisinde pişirildiğinden vitamin, mineral ve besin değeri kaybına uğramamakta, gıdanın nemi korunmakta ve duyusal özellikleri en üst derecede muhafaza edilmektedir. Ayrıca, paket içerisindeki hava ve oksijenin tahliyesi sayesinde, hızlı okside olabilecek gıdalarda oksidasyon süreci yavaşlamaktadır. Çoklu doymamış yağ asitlerince zengin yağlı balıklarda ise oksidasyona bağlı acılaşma raf ömrü boyunca engellenebilmektedir. Değişen sosyoekonomik yapı, çalışan kadın nüfusunun artması ve yoğun günlük aktiviteler nedeniyle evde yemek hazırlamaya vakit olmaması insanları, pişirmeye veya tüketime hazır gıdaları satın almaya yönlendirmektedir. Bunun yanı sıra katkı maddesi ilave edilmemiş, güvenilirliği ve raf ömrü daha fazla olan minimal işlenmiş gıdalara olan ilgi de artmaktadır. Ham gıdalar yerine ön işlemlerden geçmiş, patojen mikroorganizmaların gelişimini önleyebilecek teknolojilere olan ihtiyaç artmaktadır. Tüketiciler sous vide hazırlanan gıdalar ile tüm bu ihtiyaçlara cevap bulabilse de dikkat edilmesi gereken bazı konular bu bölümde ele alınmıştır.



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