Medical Informatics IV

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DOI :10.26650/B/T3.2024.40.022   IUP :10.26650/B/T3.2024.40.022    Full Text (PDF)

Early Detection of Oral Cancers: Artificial Intelligence or Expert Opinion?

Zeynep Afra Akbıyık Az, Gülsüm Ak

Oral cancer is a significant global health issue, ranking as the sixth most prevalent form of cancer globally. Due to late-stage diagnoses, the prognosis for oral cancer is typically poor. Current early detection methods rely heavily on clinical expertise and can occasionally have limitations that make early diagnosis difficult. Thus, early detection of oral cancers is a crucial factor that greatly improves patient survival and quality of life. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the use of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in medical diagnosis. By analyzing massive datasets from various oncology imaging techniques, AI can aid in the early detection and classification of oral cancer. These sophisticated methods provide information to experts using big data analysis and deep learning algorithms, enabling earlier disease diagnosis. This review seeks to investigate the blurring of the line between human and machine capabilities by analyzing the results of AI studies in the early diagnosis and treatment of oral cancers. Particularly, AI algorithms can reveal minute details that humans cannot detect and analyze datasets quickly and precisely. However, processes such as how these algorithms make decisions and the characteristics on which they rely are frequently referred to as black boxes. This may raise questions regarding the dependability between humans and artificial intelligence. However, the goal is not to replace conventional diagnostic methods, but rather to enhance the diagnostic and treatment procedures of professionals through collaboration with AI. In order to detect oral cancers in a timely manner, it is essential to foster collaboration that combines expert knowledge with AI technologies. Thus, despite AI’s potential to improve cancer diagnosis, before it was widely adopted in clinical practice; It is essential to conduct research and develop methods that facilitate effective collaboration between AI and experts and produce the best results in the care and treatment of patients.


Keywords: Oral cancer, artificial intelligence, deep learning, expert opinion
DOI :10.26650/B/T3.2024.40.022   IUP :10.26650/B/T3.2024.40.022    Full Text (PDF)

Oral Kanserleri̇n Erken Tespi̇ti̇: Yapay Zekâ Mi Uzman Görüşü Mü?

Zeynep Afra Akbıyık Az, Gülsüm Ak

Ağız kanseri, dünya çapında en yaygın altıncı kanser türü olarak sıralanan önemli bir küresel sağlık sorunudur. Geç evre tanılar nedeniyle ağız kanserinin prognozu genellikle kötüdür. Mevcut erken teşhis yöntemleri büyük ölçüde klinik uzmanlığa dayanmaktadır ve zaman zaman erken teşhisi zorlaştıracak sınırlamalara sahip olabilmektedir. Bu nedenle, ağız kanserlerinin erken teşhisi hasta sağkalımını ve yaşam kalitesini büyük ölçüde artıran kritik bir faktördür. Son yıllarda, tıbbi teşhislerde yapay zekâ (AI) teknolojilerinin kullanımına artan bir ilgi bulunmaktadır. Yapay zekâ, çeşitli onkoloji görüntüleme tekniklerinden elde edilen devasa veri kümelerini analiz ederek ağız kanserinin erken teşhisine ve sınıflandırılmasına yardımcı olabilir. Bu gelişmiş yöntemler, büyük veri analizi ve derin öğrenme algoritmalarını kullanarak uzmanlara bilgi sağlayarak hastalıkların daha erken teşhis edilmesine imkan tanır. Bu derleme, ağız kanserlerinin erken tanı ve tedavisinde yapay zekâ çalışmalarının sonuçlarını analiz ederek insan ve makine yetenekleri arasındaki çizginin bulanıklaşmasını araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Özellikle, yapay zekâ algoritmaları insanların tespit edemediği küçük ayrıntıları ortaya çıkarabilir ve veri kümelerini hızlı ve hassas bir şekilde analiz edebilir. Ancak bu algoritmaların nasıl karar verdikleri, hangi özelliklere güvendikleri gibi süreçlere sıklıkla “kara kutu” adı verilmektedir. Bu, insanlarla yapay zekâ arasındaki güvenilirliğe ilişkin soruları gündeme getirebilir. Ancak amaç, geleneksel teşhis yöntemlerinin yerini almak değil, yapay zekâ ile işbirliği yaparak profesyonellerin teşhis ve tedavi prosedürlerini geliştirmektir. Ağız kanserlerini zamanında tespit etmek için uzman bilgisini yapay zekâ teknolojileriyle birleştiren işbirliğini geliştirmek önemlidir. Dolayısıyla yapay zekânın kanser teşhisini iyileştirme potansiyeline rağmen, klinik uygulamada yaygın olarak benimsenmeden önce; Yapay zekâ ile uzmanlar arasında etkili işbirliğini kolaylaştıracak ve hastaların bakım ve tedavisinde en iyi sonuçları üretecek araştırmaların yapılması ve yöntemlerin geliştirilmesi esastır.


Keywords: Ağız kanseri, yapay zekâ, derin öğrenme, uzman görüşü

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