İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy

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DOI :10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2023.1206425   IUP :10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2023.1206425    Tam Metin (PDF)

Determination of sildenafil and tadalafil adulteration by LC-MS/MS and 23 elements by ICP-MS in food supplements

Çağatay Oltulu, Saffet Çelik, Mustafa Daşman

Background and Aims: Since the increasing prevalence of erectile dysfunction disease, the use of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE-5) inhibitors is widespread in the current era. The first and the most known molecule of PDE-5 inhibitors is sildenafil. It is widely used in the market. The second and more developed one is tadalafil. It is known that these substances are found in sexual stimulant food supplements as adulteration. In addition, food supplements can contain metals that can cause hazardous activity by accumulating. In our study, 11 randomly chosen sexual stimulant known products are studied which were bought from different stores in Edirne.

Methods: Adulteration with sildenafil and tadalafil was determined by LC-MS/MS because of the enhanced accuracy and precision, general applicability, and higher selectivity. Also, the determination of 23 metals, including known heavy metals, was made with ICP-MS.

Results: In the study, 7 of 11 samples detected at least 1 compound of sildenafil (up to 92.44 mg in one serving) or tadalafil (up to 23.62 mg in one serving). Neither of the samples exceeded the limits of metal daily intakes that are shown in Table 4.

Conclusion: In past studies, adulteration was determined in food supplements, and it is still detected today. The results we obtained are engrossing for the regulations of sexual stimulant food supplement sales. Their additional effects on total daily intake raise health concerns. The data obtained from this study will contribute to inform consumers and health professionals about the status of food supplements in the market.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Adulteration, dietary food supplements, metals, PDE-5 inhibitors, sildenafil, tadalafil

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APA

Oltulu, Ç., Çelik, S., & Daşman, M. (2023). Determination of sildenafil and tadalafil adulteration by LC-MS/MS and 23 elements by ICP-MS in food supplements. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy, 53(2), 219-228. https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2023.1206425


AMA

Oltulu Ç, Çelik S, Daşman M. Determination of sildenafil and tadalafil adulteration by LC-MS/MS and 23 elements by ICP-MS in food supplements. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy. 2023;53(2):219-228. https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2023.1206425


ABNT

Oltulu, Ç.; Çelik, S.; Daşman, M. Determination of sildenafil and tadalafil adulteration by LC-MS/MS and 23 elements by ICP-MS in food supplements. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy, [Publisher Location], v. 53, n. 2, p. 219-228, 2023.


Chicago: Author-Date Style

Oltulu, Çağatay, and Saffet Çelik and Mustafa Daşman. 2023. “Determination of sildenafil and tadalafil adulteration by LC-MS/MS and 23 elements by ICP-MS in food supplements.” İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy 53, no. 2: 219-228. https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2023.1206425


Chicago: Humanities Style

Oltulu, Çağatay, and Saffet Çelik and Mustafa Daşman. “Determination of sildenafil and tadalafil adulteration by LC-MS/MS and 23 elements by ICP-MS in food supplements.” İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy 53, no. 2 (Dec. 2023): 219-228. https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2023.1206425


Harvard: Australian Style

Oltulu, Ç & Çelik, S & Daşman, M 2023, 'Determination of sildenafil and tadalafil adulteration by LC-MS/MS and 23 elements by ICP-MS in food supplements', İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy, vol. 53, no. 2, pp. 219-228, viewed 9 Dec. 2023, https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2023.1206425


Harvard: Author-Date Style

Oltulu, Ç. and Çelik, S. and Daşman, M. (2023) ‘Determination of sildenafil and tadalafil adulteration by LC-MS/MS and 23 elements by ICP-MS in food supplements’, İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy, 53(2), pp. 219-228. https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2023.1206425 (9 Dec. 2023).


MLA

Oltulu, Çağatay, and Saffet Çelik and Mustafa Daşman. “Determination of sildenafil and tadalafil adulteration by LC-MS/MS and 23 elements by ICP-MS in food supplements.” İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy, vol. 53, no. 2, 2023, pp. 219-228. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2023.1206425


Vancouver

Oltulu Ç, Çelik S, Daşman M. Determination of sildenafil and tadalafil adulteration by LC-MS/MS and 23 elements by ICP-MS in food supplements. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy [Internet]. 9 Dec. 2023 [cited 9 Dec. 2023];53(2):219-228. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2023.1206425 doi: 10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2023.1206425


ISNAD

Oltulu, Çağatay - Çelik, Saffet - Daşman, Mustafa. “Determination of sildenafil and tadalafil adulteration by LC-MS/MS and 23 elements by ICP-MS in food supplements”. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy 53/2 (Dec. 2023): 219-228. https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2023.1206425



ZAMAN ÇİZELGESİ


Gönderim17.11.2022
Kabul16.05.2023
Çevrimiçi Yayınlanma28.08.2023

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