Araştırma Makalesi


DOI :10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2022.980682   IUP :10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2022.980682    Tam Metin (PDF)

Diapin®: A food supplement with diverse therapeutic potentials

Umar Faruk MagajiSelahattin BoyacıUmut BülbülSadettin AkçaÖzlem SaçanRefiye Yanardağ

Background and Aims: For many centuries herbs and spices have traditionally been used to treat or manage a variety of diseases. The formulation of food supplements containing single or multiple herbs or spices is now popular. These formulations provide biochemical, pharmacological and medicinal benefits due to their diverse phytochemical constituents. Methods: In the present study, Diapin® – a food supplement containing Olea europaea L. leaves extract, Cinnamomum cassia (L.) J. Presl stem extract, Nigella sativa L. seed oil, Cocos nucifera L. oil and vitamin D3 – dissolved in absolute ethanol was evaluated for α-amylase, α-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase, elastase, neuraminidase, adenosine deaminase and arginase inhibitory activity. Results: The supplement strongly inhibited neuraminidase (IC50 = 0.272 ± 0.007 mg/mL), while adenosine deaminase, acetylcholinesterase, elastase and arginase were moderately inhibited (with an IC50 of 4.562 ± 0.052, 5.396 ± 0.563, 5.783 ± 0.058 and 6.800 ± 0.067 mg/mL respectively). The less inhibition activity was on α-amylase and α-glucosidase (IC50 = 9.593 ± 0.582 and 14.010 ± 2.280 mg/mL respectively). Conclusion: The pharmacological activities of Diapin® can be attributed to its opulent phytochemical composition. The present findings support the folkloric claim of Diapin® supplement having antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-ageing, and immune bolstering properties, in addition to the mitigation of Alzheimer’s disease and the alleviation of neurological dysfunction.


PDF Görünüm

Referanslar

  • Adekola, K.A., Salleh, A.B., Zaidan U.H., Azlan A., Chiavaro E., Paci-ulli M. & Marikkar J.M.N. (2017). Total phenolic content, antioxidative and antidiabetic properties of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) testa and selected bean seed coats. Italian Journal of Food Science, 29,741-753. https://doi.org/10.14674/IJFS-941 google scholar
  • Ahmad, A., Husain, A., Mujeeb, M., Khan, S.A., Najmi, A.K., Siddique N.A. & Anwar F. (2013). A review on therapeutic potential of Nigella sativa: A miracle herb. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 3, 337-352. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60075-1 google scholar
  • Akilen, R., Tsiami, A., Devendra, D. & Robinson, N. (2012). Cinnamon in glycaemic control: Systematic review and metaanalysis. Clinical Nutrition, 31, 609-615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2012.04.003 google scholar
  • Alam, S.R., Newby, D.E. & Henriksen, P.A. (2012). Role of the endogenous elastase inhibitor, elafin, in cardiovascular injury: From epithelium to endothelium. Biochemical Pharmacology, 83, 695-704. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2011.11.003 google scholar
  • Al-Bukhari, M.I. (1976). In: The collection of authentic sayings of Prophet Mohammad (peace be upon him), division 71 on medicine. 2nd ed. Al-Bukhari Sahi., editor. Ankara, Turkey: Hilal Yayinlari. google scholar
  • Al-Jassir, M.S. (1992). Chemical composition and microflora of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) seeds growing in Saudi Arabia. Food Chemistry, 45, 239-242. https://doi.org/10.1016/0308-8146(92)90153-S google scholar
  • Angelidi, A.M., Kokkinos, A., Katechaki, E., Ros, E. & Mantzoros, C.S. (2021). Mediterranean diet as a nutritional approach for COVID-19. Metabolism,114, 154407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.me-tabol.2020.154407 google scholar
  • Angelis, A., Mavros, P., Nikolaou, P.E., Mitakou, S., Halabalaki, M. & Skaltsounis, L. (2020). Phytochemical analysis of olive flowers’ hydroalcoholic extract and in vitro evaluation of tyrosinase, elastase and collagenase inhibition activity. Fitoterapia, 153, 104602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104602 google scholar
  • Annweiler, C., Karras, S.N., Anagnostis, P. & Beauchet, O. (2014). Vitamin D supplements: a novel therapeutic approach for Alzheimer patients. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 5, 6. https://doi. org/10.3389/fphar.2014.00006 google scholar
  • Baeta, C., Bagina, R. & Canilhas, N. (2020). Relationship and psychological effects between food, Mediterranean diet and COVID-19. CPQ Nutrition, 4, 01-16. Retrieved from https://www.cient-periodique.com google scholar
  • Bakathir, H.A. & Abbas, N.A. (2011). Detection of the antibacterial effect of Nigella sativa ground seeds with water. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 8, 159-164. https://doi.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v8i2.63203 google scholar
  • Battinelli, L., Daniele, C., Cristiani, M., Bisignano, G., Saija, A. & Maz-zanti, G. (2006). In vitro antifungal and anti-elastase activity of some aliphatic aldehydes from Olea europaea L. fruit. Phytomedicine, 13, 558-563. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2005.09.009 google scholar
  • Bhutkar, M.A. & Bhise, S.B. (2012). In vitro assay of alpha amylase inhibitory activity of some indigenous plants. International Journal of Chemical Science, 10, 457-462. Retrieved from https://www. tsijournals.com google scholar
  • Bieth, J.G. (2001). The elastases. Journal de la Société de Biologie, (in French). 195, 173-179. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm. nih.gov google scholar
  • Blackburn, M.R. & Kellems R.E. (2005). Adenosine deaminase deficiency: metabolic basis of immune deficiency and pulmonary inflammation. Advances in Immunology, 86,1-41. doi: https://doi. org/10.1016/S0065-2776(04)86001-2 google scholar
  • Blum, U. & Schwedt, G. (1998). Inhibition behavior of phosphatase, phosphodiesterase I and adenosine deaminase as tools for trace metal analysis and speciation. Analytica Chimica Acta, 360, 101-108.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(97)00717-4 google scholar
  • Cama, E., Colleluori, D.M., Emig, F.A., Shin, H., Kim, S.W., Kim, N.N., Traish, A.M.... Christianson, DW (2003). Human arginase II: crystal structure and physiological role in male and female sexual arousal. Biochemistry, 42, 8445-8451.https://doi.org/10.1021/bi034340j">https://doi.org/10.1021/bi034340j Christianson, D.W. (2005). Arginase: Structure, mechanism, and physiological role in male and female sexual arousal. Accounts of Chemical Research, 38, 191-201. https://doi.org/10.1021/ ar040183k google scholar
  • Cordero, J.G., Garcia-Escudero, R., Avila, J., Gargini R. & Garcia-Escudero, V. (2018). Benefit of oleuropein aglycone for Alzheimer’s disease by promoting autophagy. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Article ID 5010741, 12 pages. https://doi. org/10.1155/2018/5010741 google scholar
  • Corraliza, I.M., Campo, M.L., Soler, G. & Modolell M. (1994). Determination of arginase activity in macrophages: A micromethod. Journal of Immunological Methods, 174, 231-235.https://doi. org/10.1016/0022-1759(94)90027-2 google scholar
  • Costello, R.B., Dwyer, J.T., Saldanha, L., Bailey, R.L., Merkel, J. & Wambogo, E. (2016). Do Cinnamon supplements have a role in glycemic control in type 2 diabetes? A Narrative Review. Journal of the Academy of Nutrution and Diet,116, 1794-1802. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.jand.2016.07.015 google scholar
  • Cubukcu, H. C., Durak, Z. E., Kocaoglu, E. H. & Durak I. (2018). Different effects of olive leaf on purine metabolizing enzymes of human gastric tissues in vitro. Cancer Therapy & Oncology International Journal, 12, 555826. Retrieved from https://juniperpublishers.com Cumaoglu, A., Rackova, L., Stefek, M., Kartal, M., Maechler, P. & google scholar
  • Karasu C. (2011). Effects of olive leaf polyphenols against H2O2 toxicity in insulin secreting p-cells, Acta Biochimica Polínica, 58, 45-50. Retrieved from http://www.actabp.pl google scholar
  • de Bock, M,, Derraik, J,G,, Brennan, C,M,, Biggs, J,B,, Morgan, P,E,, Hodgkinson, S,C,, Hofman, PL Cutfield W.S, (2013), Olive (Olea europaea L,) leaf polyphenols improve insulin sensitivity in middle-aged overweight men: a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial, PloS One, 8, e57622, https://doi,org/10,1371/journal,pone,0057622 google scholar
  • Farhan, A,M,, Mehde, A,A,, Mehdi, W,A,, Jassim, R,A,, Kadhim, N,J, & Jasim N,A, (2016), Synthesis of silver nanoparticles from leaf extract of olive and fig with silver nitrate and effect on ECTO-5’-nucleotidase (5’-NT), ADA and AMPDA enzymes in sera of atherosclerosis patients, International Journal of Chemical Sciences, 14, 1805-1817, Retrieved from https://www,tsijournals,com google scholar
  • Frydman-Marom, A,, Levin, A,, Farfara, D,, Benromano, T,, Scherzer-Attali, R,, Peled, S,, Vassar, R,, Segal, D.....Ovadia, M, (2011), Orally administrated cinnamon extract reduces p-amyloid oligomerization and corrects cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease animal models, PLoS One, 6, e16564, https://doi,org/10,1371/jour-nal,pone,0016564 google scholar
  • Garcia-Alvarez, A,, Egan, B,, de Klein, S,, Dima, L,, Maggi, F,, Isoniemi, M.....Serra-Majem, L, (2014), Usage of plant food supplements across six european countries: findings from the plant LIBRA consumer survey, PLoS One, 9, e92265, https://doi,org/10,1371/jour-nal,pone,0092265 google scholar
  • Gholamnezhad, Z,, Rafatpanah, H,, Sadeghnia, H,R, & Boskabady, M,H, (2015), Immunomodulatory and cytotoxic effects of Nigella sativa and thymoquinone on rat splenocytes, Food and Chemical Toxicology, 86, 72-80, https://doi,org/10,1016/j,fct,2015,08,028 google scholar
  • Girish, K,S,, Kemparaju, K,, Nagaraju, S, & Vishwanath, B,S, (2009), Hyaluronidase inhibitors: a biological and therapeutic perspective, Current Medicinal Chemistry, 16, 2261-2288, https://doi, org/10,2174/092986709788453078 google scholar
  • Gray, E,W, & Miller, J,I, (1970), The spice trade of the Roman Empire 29 B,C, to A,D, 641, The Journal of Roman Studies, 60, 222-224, http://doi,org/10,1017/S0075435800043537 google scholar
  • Guo, Z,, Jia, X,, Zheng, Z,, Lu, X,, Zheng, Y,, Zheng, B, & Xiao J, (2018), Chemical composition and nutritional function of olive (Olea europaea L,): A review, Phytochemistry Reviews, 17, 1091-1110, https://doi,org/10,1007/s11101-017-9526-0, google scholar
  • Hardy, G, (2000), Nutraceuticals and functional foods: introduction and meaning, Nutrition, 16, 688-689, https://doi,org/10,1016/ s0899-9007(00)00332-4 google scholar
  • Hasler, C,M, (2005), Regulation of functional foods and nutraceuticals: a global perspective, USA, IFT Press and Blackwell Publishing, google scholar
  • Heinrich, M, & Teoh, H,L, (2004), Galanthamine from snowdrop-the development of a modern drug against Alzheimer’s disease from local Caucasian knowledge, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 92,147-162, http://doi: 10,1016/j,jep,2004,02,012 google scholar
  • Hovorková, P, Laloucková, K, & Skrivanová, E, (2018), Determination of in vitro antibacterial activity of plant oils containing medium-chain fatty acids against Gram-positive pathogenic and gut commensal bacteria, Czech Journal of Animal Science, 63, 119-125, https://doi,org/10,17221/70/2017-CJAS google scholar
  • Ingkaninan, K,, Temkitthawon, P,, Chuenchon, K,, Yuyaem, T, & Thongnoi, W, (2003), Screening for acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity in plants used in Thai traditional rejuvenating and neurotonic remedies, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 89, 261-264, https://doi,org/10,1016/j,jep,2003,08,008 google scholar
  • Jayaprakasha, G,K, & Rao L,J, (2011), Chemistry, biogenesis, and biological activities of Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 51, 547-562, https://doi, org/10,1080/10408391003699550 google scholar
  • Jilani, H,, Cilla, A,, Barberá, R, & Hamdi, M, (2016), Improved bio-308 accessibility and antioxidant capacity of olive leaf (Olea euro-paea L.) polyphenols through biosorption on Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Industrial Crops and Products, 84, 131-138. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.02.002 google scholar
  • Johansson, P., Almqvist, E.G., Johansson, J.O., Mattsson, N., An-dreasson, U., Hansson, O., Wallin, A......Svensson, J. (2013). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and CSF acetylcholinesterase activity are reduced in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. PloS One, 8, e81989. https://doi.org/10.1371/ journal.pone.0081989 google scholar
  • Kacem, R. & Meraihi, Z. (2006). Effects of essential oil extracted from Nigella sativa (L.) seeds and its main components on human neutrophil elastase activity. Yakugaku Zasshi., 126, 301-305. https://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.126.301 google scholar
  • Kalra, E.K. (2003). Nutraceutical-definition and introduction. American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists, 5, 27-28. https://doi. org/10.1208/ps050325 google scholar
  • Kannan, R., Ittiyavirah, S.P. & Harindran, Y. (2019). Acetylcholinesterase and growth inhibitory effects - various grades of N. sativa oils. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 10, 245-250.Retrieved from https://ijpsr.com google scholar
  • Kanter, M., Meral, I., Yener, Z., Ozbek, H. & Demir, H. (2003). Partial regeneration/proliferation of the beta-cells in the islets of langerhans by Nigella sativa L. in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The Tohoku Journal Experimental Medicine, 201, 213-219. https:// doi.org/10.1620/tjem.201.213 google scholar
  • Kerimi, A., NyambeSilavwe, H., Pyner, A., Oladele, E., Gauer, J.S. & Stevens, Y. (2019). Nutritional implications of olives and sugar: attenuation of postprandial glucose spikes in healthy volunteers by inhibition of sucrose hydrolysis and glucose transport by oleuropein. European Journal of Nutrition, 58, 1315-1330. https://doi. org/10.1007/s00394-018-1662-9 google scholar
  • Kim, J.H., Bugaj, L.J., Oh, Y.J., Bivalacqua, T.J., Ryoo, S., Soucy, K.G. & Berkowitz, D.E. (2009). Arginase inhibition restores NOS coupling and reverses endothelial dysfunction and vascular stiffness in old rats. Journal of Appleid Physiology, 107,1249-1257. https://doi. org/10.1152/japplphysiol.91393.2008 google scholar
  • Kim, J.S., Kwon, C.S. & Son, K.H. (2000). Inhibition of alpha-glucosidase and amylase by luteolin, a flavonoid. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, 64, 2458-2461. https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.64.2458 google scholar
  • Kiss, A., Tratsiakovich, Y., Gonon, A., Fedotovskaya, O., Lanner, J., Andersson, D., Yang, J.. Pernow, J. (2014). The role of arginase and Rho kinase in cardioprotection from remote ischemic perconditioning in non-diabetic and diabetic rat in vivo. PLoS One, 9, e104731. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0104731 google scholar
  • Komaki, S., Yamaguchi, I., Maru, M., Kinoshita, K., Kakehi, Y., Ohta, Y....Tsukada, Y. (2003). Identification of anti-a-amylase components from olive leaf extracts. Food Science and Technology Research, 9, 35-39. https://doi.org/10.3136/fstr.9.35 google scholar
  • Kontogianni, V.G., Charisiadis, P., Margianni, E., Lamari, F.N., Gerothanassis, I.P. & Tzakos A.G. (2013). Olive leaf extracts are a natural source of advanced glycation end product inhibitors. Journal of Medicinal Food, 16, 817-822. https://doi.org/10.1089/ jmf.2013.0016 google scholar
  • Korkmaz, S., Sarimahmut, M., Ozel, M. & Ulukaya, E. (2016). Olive leaf extract containing oleuropein modulates the cytotoxic effect of epirubicin on breast cancer cells depending on the cell line. Turkish Journal of Biochemistry, 41, 385-392. https://doi. org/10.1515/tjb-2016-0117 google scholar
  • Korukluoglu, M., Sahan, Y., Yigit, A., Ozer, E.T. & Gucer, S. (2010). Antibacterial activity and chemical constitutions of Olea euro-paea L. leaf extracts. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 34, 383-396. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4549.2008.00318.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4549.2008.00318.x Leach, M. J. & Kumar, S. (2012). Cinnamon for diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Systamic Reviews, 2012,CD007170. https://doi. org/10.1002/14651858 google scholar
  • Lebrun, P., Grivet, L. & Baudouin, L. (2013). Use of RFLP markers to study the diversity of the coconut palm. In Oropeza, C., Verdeil, J.K., Ashburner, G.R., Cardena, R. & Santamaria, J.M. (eds.). Current Advances in Coconut Biotechnology. Springer Science & Business Media. 83-85. google scholar
  • Liu, Y., McKeever, C.L. & Malik, N.S.A. (2017). Assessment of the antimicrobial activity of olive leaf extract against foodborne bacterial pathogens. Frontiers in Microbiology, 8, 113.https://doi. org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.00113 google scholar
  • Losey, H.C., Ruthenburg, A.J. & Verdine, G.L. (2006). Crystal structure of Staphylococcus aureus tRNA adenosine deaminase TadA in complex with RNA. Nature Structural and Molecular Biology, 13, 153-159. https://doi.org/10.1038/nsmb1047. google scholar
  • Maarsingh, H., Pera, T. & Meurs, H. (2008). Arginase and pulmonary diseases. Naunyn-Schmiedberg’s Archives of Pharmacology,378, 171-184. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-008-0286-7 google scholar
  • Maierean, S.M., Serban, M.C., Sahebkar, A., Ursoniu, S., Serban, A., Penson, P. & Banach, M. (2017). The effects of cinnamon supplementation on blood lipid concentrations: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Lipidology, 11, 1393-1406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacl.2017.08.004 google scholar
  • McAuley, J.L., Corcilius, L., Tan, H.X., Payne, R.J., McGuckin, M.A. & Brown, L.E. (2017). The cell surface mucin MUC1 limits the severity of influenza A virus infection. Mucosal Immunology, 10, 15811593. https://doi.org/10.1038/mi.2017.16 google scholar
  • Meddah, B., Ducroc, R., El Abbes Faouzi, M., Eto, B., Mahraoui, L., Benhaddou-Andaloussi, A., Martineau, L.C....Haddad, P.S. (2009). Nigella sativa inhibits intestinal glucose absorption and improves glucose tolerance in rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 121, 419424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2008.10.040 google scholar
  • Mirzaei, F., Khazaei, M., Komaki, A., Amiri, I. & Jalili, C. (2019). Multitarget effects of coconut oil (virgin type) on Ap-induced Alzheimer’s disease animal model. Archives of Neuroscience, 6, e85715. https://doi.org/10.5812/ans.85715 google scholar
  • Mohammed, A., Luka, C.D., Gyang, S.D. & Ngwen, A.L. (2017). Evaluation of the effect of coconut oil (Cocos nucifera) on some biochemical parameters in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Saudi Journalof Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3, 318-322. https:// doi.org/10.21276/sjmps google scholar
  • Moon, J., Yim, E., Song, G., Lee, N.H. & Hyun, C. (2010). Screening of elastase and tyrosinase inhibitory activity from Jeju Island plants. EurAsian Journal of Biosciences, 4, 41-53. https://doi.org/10.5053/ ejobios.2010.4.0.6 google scholar
  • Moriwaki, Y., Yamamoto, T. & Higashino, K. (1999). Enzymes involved in purine metabolism--a review of histochemical localization and functional implications. Histology and Histopathology, 14, 1321-1340. https://doi.org/10.14670/HH-14.1321 google scholar
  • Moroy, G., Alix, A.J.P., Sapi, J., Hornebeck, W. & Bourguet, E. (2012). Neutrophil elastase as a target in lung cancer. Anticancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry, 12, 565-579. https://doi. org/10.2174/187152012800617696 google scholar
  • Morris, M.C., Tangney, C.C., Wang, Y., Sacks, F.M., Bennett, D.A. & Aggarwal N.T. (2015). MIND diet associated with reduced incidence of Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer’s and Dementia, 11, 1007-1014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2014.11.009 google scholar
  • Morris, S.M. (2002). Regulation of enzymes of the urea cycle and arginine metabolism. Annual Review of Nutrition, 22, 87-105. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nutr.22.110801.140547. google scholar
  • Munazza, F., Najam-us-Sahar, S. Z., Deeba, A. & Farhan, A. (2016). In vitro antiviral activity of Cinnamomumcassia and its nanoparticles against H7N3 influenza A virus. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 26, 151-159. https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1508.08024">https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1508.08024 Myers, R.W., Lee, R.T., Lee, Y.C., Thomas, G.H., Reynolds, L.W. & Uchida, Y. (1980). The synthesis of 4-methylumbelliferyl a-ketoside of N-acetylneuraminic acid and its use in a fluorometric assay for neuraminidase. Analytical Biochemistry, 101, 166-174. https://doi. org/10.1016/0003-2697(80)90056-1 google scholar
  • Nafar, F. & Mearow K.M. (2014). Coconut oil attenuates the effects of amyloid-p on cortical neurons in vitro. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 39, 233-237.https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-131436 google scholar
  • Naik, A., Raghavendra, S.N. & Raghavarao, K.S. (2012). Production of coconut protein powder from coconut wet processing waste and its characterization. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 167, 1290-1302. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-012-9632-9. google scholar
  • Nayar, N.M. (2017). The Coconut: Phylogeny, Origins, and Spread. Academic Press. 10-21. ISBN 978-0-12-809778-6. google scholar
  • Neelakantan, N., Seah, J.Y.H. & van Dam, R.M. (2020). The effect of coconut oil consumption on cardiovascular risk factors (Systematic review). Circulation 141, 803-814. https://doi.org/10.1161/ circulationaha.119.043052 google scholar
  • Ngoc, T. M., Nhiem, N. X., Khoi, N. M., Son, D. C., Hung, T. V. & Van Kiem, P. (2014). A new coumarin and cytotoxic activities of constituents from Cinnamomum cassia. Natural Product Communications, 9, 487-488. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov google scholar
  • Nickavar, B. & Yousefian, N. (2011). Evaluation of a-amylase inhibitory activities of selected antidiabetic medicinal plants. Journal of Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit, 6, 191-195. https:// doi.org/10.1007/s00003-010-0627-6 google scholar
  • Nickavar, B., Mojab, F., Javidnia, K. & Amoli, M. A. (2003). Chemical composition of the fixed and volatile oils of Nigella sativa L. from Iran. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C, Journal of Biosciences, 58, 629-631. https://doi.org/10.1515/znc-2003-9-1004 google scholar
  • Obied, H.K., Prenzler, P.D., Omar, S.H., Ismael, R., Servili, M., Esposto, S. & Urbani, S. (2012). Pharmacology of olive biophenols. Advances in Molecular Toxicology, 6, 195-242. https://doi.org/10.1016/ B978-0-444-59389-4.00006-9 google scholar
  • Omar, S.H., Scott, C.J., Hamlin, A.S. & Obied, H.K. (2018). Biophenols: enzymes (p-secretase, cholinesterases, histone deacetylase and tyrosinase) inhibitors from olive (Olea europaea L.). Fitoterapia, 128,118-129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2018.05.011 Park, S.B., Lee, J.H., Kim, H.D., Soe, K.H., Jeong, H.S., Kim, D.H. & Lee S.E. (2018). Screening of plant extracts with cholinesterase inhibition activity. Korean Journal of Plant Resources, 31, 433-452. https:// doi.org/10.7732/kjpr.2018.31.5.433 google scholar
  • Peng, X., Zhang, G. & Zen, L. (2016). Inhibition of a-glucosidase by vitamin D3 and the effect of vitamins B1 and B2. Food & Function, 7, 982-991. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5fo00992h google scholar
  • Pereira, A.P., Ferreira, I.C., Marcelino, F., Valentao, P., Andrade, P.B., Seabra, R., Estevinho, L.....Pereira, J.A. (2007). Phenolic com google scholar
  • pounds and antimicrobial activity of olive (Olea europaea L. Cv. Cobrançosa) leaves. Molecules, 12, 1153-1162. https://doi. org/10.3390/12051153 google scholar
  • Ramasubbu, N., Paloth, V., Luo, Y., Brayer, G.D. & Levine, M.J. (1996). Structure of human salivary alpha-amylase at 1.6 a resolution: implications for its role in the oral cavity. Acta Crystallographica. Section D, Biological Crystallography, 52, 435-346. https://doi. org/10.1107/S0907444995014119 google scholar
  • Rao, A.A., Sridhar, G.R. & Das, U.N. (2007). Elevated butyrylcholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase may predict the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer’s disease. Medical Hypotheses, 69, 1272-1276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2007.03.032 Roman, G.C., Jackson, R.E., Gadhia, R., Roman, A.N. & Reis, J. (2019). Mediterranean diet: The role of long-chain w-3 fatty acids in fish; polyphenols in fruits, vegetables, cereals, coffee, tea, cacao and wine; probiotics and vitamins in prevention of stroke, age-related cognitive decline, and Alzheimer disease. Revue Neurologique (Paris), 175, 724-741. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2019.08.005 Rothe, B., Rothe, B., Roggentin, P. & Schauer, R. (1991). The sialidase gene from Clostridium septicum: cloning, sequencing, expression in Escherichia coli and identification of conserved sequences in sialidases and other proteins. Molecular and General Genetics, 226, 190-197.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00273603 google scholar
  • Shafiq, H., Ahmad A., Masud, T. & Kaleem, M. (2014). Cardio-pro-tective and anti-cancer therapeutic potential of Nigella sativa. Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, 17, 967.Retrieved from http://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov google scholar
  • Shah I., Petroczi A., Tabet N., Klugman A., Isaac M. & Naughton D.P. (2012). Low 25OH vitamin D2 levels found in untreated Alzheimer’s patients, compared to acetylcholinesterase-inhibitor treated and controls. Current Alzheimer Research, 9, 1069-1076. https:// doi.org/10.2174/156720512803568975 google scholar
  • Silva R.R., e Silva D.O., Fontes H.R., Alviano C.S., Fernandes P.D. &Alviano D.S. (2013). Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of Cocos nucifera var. typica. BioMed Central Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 13, 107. https://doi. org/10.1186/1472-6882-13-107 google scholar
  • Tamer, A.A., Fayed, A.K.M., Ayman, E.E. & Ibrahim, E.E. (2020). Efficiency of mixture of olives oil and figs as an antiviral agent: a review and perspective. International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research, 4, 107-111. Retrieved from http://ijmshr.com Tao, Y., Zhang, Y., Cheng, Y. & Wang, Y. (2013). Rapid screening and identification ofa-glucosidase inhibitors from mulberry leaves using enzyme-immobilized magnetic beads coupled with HPLC/ MS and NMR. Biomedical Chromatography, 27, 148-155. https:// doi.org/10.1002/bmc.2761 google scholar
  • Temiz, M.A. & Temur, A. (2019). The effect of olive leaf extract on digestive enzyme inhibition and insulin production in strepto-zotocin-induced diabetic rats. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 66, 163-169. https://doi.org/10.33988/auvfd.423491 van den Berg, M.P.M., Meurs, H. & Gosens, R. (2018). Targeting arginase and nitric oxide metabolism in chronic airway diseases and their co-morbidities. Current Opinion in Pharmacology, 40, 126-133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coph.2018.04.010 google scholar
  • Vanschoonbeek, K., Thomassen, B.J., Senden, J.M., Wodzig, W.K. & van Loon, L.J. (2006). Cinnamon supplementation does not improve glycemic control in postmenopausal type 2 diabetes patients. The Journal of Nutrition, 136, 977-980https://doi. org/10.1093/jn/136.4.977 google scholar
  • Villarreal, A., Reyes, R.X.A., Angelo, M.F., Reines, A.G. & Ramo, A.J. (2011). S100B alters neuronal survival and dendrite extension via RAGE-mediated NF-KB signaling. Journal of Neurochemistry, 117,321-332. https://doi.Org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07207.x">https://doi.Org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07207.x Vogel, P., Kasper, Machado, I., Garavaglia, J., Zani, V.T., de Souza, D. & Morelo Dal Bosco, S. (2014). Polyphenols benefits of olive leaf (Olea europaea L) to human health. Nutrición Hospitalaria, 31, 1427-1433. https://doi.org/10.3305/nh.2015.31.3.8400 von Itzstein, M. (2007). The war against influenza: discovery and development of sialidase inhibitors. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 6, 967-974. Retrieved from https://www.nature.com Waterman, E. & Lockwood, B. (2007). Active components and clinical applications of olive oil. Alternative Medicine Review: A Journal of Clinical Therapy, 12, 331-342.Retrieved from http://altmedrev.com Wu, G. & Morris, S.M. (1998). Arginine metabolism: nitric oxide and beyond. The Biochemical Journal, 336, 1-17. https://doi. org/10.1042/bj3360001 google scholar
  • Zakaria, Z.A., Reezal, I., Mat Jais, A.M., Somchit, M.N., Sulaiman, M.R., Marmin, A.H.I., Sidek, H......Abdul Rahman, L. (2006). The google scholar
  • anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic and wound healing activities of Cocos nucifera (MATAG Types) fresh juice and kernel extract in experimental animals. Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 1, 516-526. https://doi.org/10.3923/jpt.2006.516.526 google scholar
  • Zhen, J., Dai, Y., Villani, T., Giurleo, D., Simon, J.E. & Wu, Q. (2017). Synthesis of novel flavonoid alkaloids as a-glucosidase inhibitors. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry 25, 5355-5364. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.bmc.2017.07.055 google scholar

Atıflar

Biçimlendirilmiş bir atıfı kopyalayıp yapıştırın veya seçtiğiniz biçimde dışa aktarmak için seçeneklerden birini kullanın


DIŞA AKTAR



APA

Magaji, U.F., Boyacı, S., Bülbül, U., Akça, S., Saçan, Ö., & Yanardağ, R. (2022). Diapin®: A food supplement with diverse therapeutic potentials. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy, 52(3), 302-310. https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2022.980682


AMA

Magaji U F, Boyacı S, Bülbül U, Akça S, Saçan Ö, Yanardağ R. Diapin®: A food supplement with diverse therapeutic potentials. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy. 2022;52(3):302-310. https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2022.980682


ABNT

Magaji, U.F.; Boyacı, S.; Bülbül, U.; Akça, S.; Saçan, Ö.; Yanardağ, R. Diapin®: A food supplement with diverse therapeutic potentials. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy, [Publisher Location], v. 52, n. 3, p. 302-310, 2022.


Chicago: Author-Date Style

Magaji, Umar Faruk, and Selahattin Boyacı and Umut Bülbül and Sadettin Akça and Özlem Saçan and Refiye Yanardağ. 2022. “Diapin®: A food supplement with diverse therapeutic potentials.” İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy 52, no. 3: 302-310. https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2022.980682


Chicago: Humanities Style

Magaji, Umar Faruk, and Selahattin Boyacı and Umut Bülbül and Sadettin Akça and Özlem Saçan and Refiye Yanardağ. Diapin®: A food supplement with diverse therapeutic potentials.” İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy 52, no. 3 (May. 2023): 302-310. https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2022.980682


Harvard: Australian Style

Magaji, UF & Boyacı, S & Bülbül, U & Akça, S & Saçan, Ö & Yanardağ, R 2022, 'Diapin®: A food supplement with diverse therapeutic potentials', İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy, vol. 52, no. 3, pp. 302-310, viewed 28 May. 2023, https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2022.980682


Harvard: Author-Date Style

Magaji, U.F. and Boyacı, S. and Bülbül, U. and Akça, S. and Saçan, Ö. and Yanardağ, R. (2022) ‘Diapin®: A food supplement with diverse therapeutic potentials’, İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy, 52(3), pp. 302-310. https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2022.980682 (28 May. 2023).


MLA

Magaji, Umar Faruk, and Selahattin Boyacı and Umut Bülbül and Sadettin Akça and Özlem Saçan and Refiye Yanardağ. Diapin®: A food supplement with diverse therapeutic potentials.” İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy, vol. 52, no. 3, 2022, pp. 302-310. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2022.980682


Vancouver

Magaji UF, Boyacı S, Bülbül U, Akça S, Saçan Ö, Yanardağ R. Diapin®: A food supplement with diverse therapeutic potentials. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy [Internet]. 28 May. 2023 [cited 28 May. 2023];52(3):302-310. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2022.980682 doi: 10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2022.980682


ISNAD

Magaji, UmarFaruk - Boyacı, Selahattin - Bülbül, Umut - Akça, Sadettin - Saçan, Özlem - Yanardağ, Refiye. Diapin®: A food supplement with diverse therapeutic potentials”. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy 52/3 (May. 2023): 302-310. https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2022.980682



ZAMAN ÇİZELGESİ


Gönderim09.08.2021
Kabul09.09.2021
Çevrimiçi Yayınlanma24.10.2022

LİSANS


Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC)

This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon your work non-commercially, and although their new works must also acknowledge you and be non-commercial, they don’t have to license their derivative works on the same terms.


PAYLAŞ




İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınları, uluslararası yayıncılık standartları ve etiğine uygun olarak, yüksek kalitede bilimsel dergi ve kitapların yayınlanmasıyla giderek artan bilimsel bilginin yayılmasına katkıda bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır. İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınları açık erişimli, ticari olmayan, bilimsel yayıncılığı takip etmektedir.