An Overview of Some Important Medieval Sources Related to Olive Growing in Terms of History of Agricultural Sciences

Figs, olives, grapes and cereals (especially wheat) are known as symbols of the most important aspects of Mediterranean agriculture. Olive cultivation was carried out by many people in the Mediterranean basin from ancient times to medieval times. The aim of this study is to provide a contribution to the knowledge of the history of olive growing and culture in terms of the history of agricultural sciences. In this study some important historical sources are presented which were written on olive growing by various authors and–especially muslim–agriculturists during the middle ages. In this study the relationships between the oldest known medieval agricultural resources on the olive cultivation and their antiquity sources will be discussed. Firstly, a brief introduction to the subject will be given, including the ancient period and especially the Greek–Latin agronomists Theophrastus, Pliny, Cato, Virgil, Columella, Varro and the first works of Cassianus Bassus Scholaticus and Philemo’s books, GreekByzantine writters, on olive cultivation. Secondly, the medieval Islamic world agricultural scholars (Abu Hanif al-Dinawari, Iraqi Ibn Wahsiyya, Abu Reyhan al-Bîrûnî, Abdurrahman b. Wafid, Ibn Bassal, Abu-Hayr al-Ishbili and Ibn al-Avvam al-Ishbili and Yemeni Rasulid Sultans Melikul al-Ashraf and Afdal’s books) will be examined. In addition, the olive cultivation chapters in the books of Gabriel Alonso de Herrera (d.1539), the famous Spanish agriculturist of the Renaissance, will be covered within the scope of this study since his books include an important and strong effect on Islamic agriculture books.

Keywords: Olive cultivation, history of agricultural sciences, medieval Islamic agricultural manuscripts

DOI :10.26650/PB/AA08.2020.001.031 IUP :10.26650/PB/AA08.2020.001.031 Full Text (PDF)

Tarım Bilimleri Tarihi Açısından Zeytin Yetiştiriciliğine Dair Bazı Önemli Ortaçağ Kaynaklarına Genel Bir Bakış

Harun Dıraman

İncir, zeytin, üzüm ve tahıllar (özellikle buğday) Akdeniz tarımının en önemli sembolü olarak bilinmektedir. Zeytincilik, Akdeniz havzasındaki birçok halk tarafından eski çağlardan orta çağa kadar yayılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, zirai bilimler tarihi açısından zeytincilik ve onın kültür tarihine bir bilgi katkısı sağlamaktır. Bu çalışmada, orta çağda çeşitli yazarlar ve özellikle müslüman tarımcılar tarafından zeytin yetiştiriciliği üzerine yazılmış bazı önemli tarihsel kaynaklar gösel biçimde ele alınmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, zeytin yetiştiriciliğindeki bilinen en eski ortaçağ tarımsal kaynaklar ile antik kaynaklar arasındaki ilişkiler ele alınacaktır. İlk olarak, özellikle Yunan-Latin agronomistleri Theophrastus, Pliny, Cato, Virgil, Columella ve Varro gibi antik dönem konularına kısa bir giriş ayrıca Yunan-Bizans yazarları olark Cassianus Bassus Scholaticus’un ilk eserleri ve Philemo’nun kitaplarındaki zeytin tarımı üzerine yazdıkları açıklanacaktır. İkincisi, ortaçağ İslam dünyası tarım alimleri (Ebu Hanif el Dineveri, Iraklı İbn Wahsiyya, Ebu Reyhan el-Bîrûnî, Abdurrahman ibni Wafid, İbn Bassal, Ebu Hayr iş-İşbili ve İbn-Avvam el-İşbili ve Yemen Rasuli Sultanları Melikul el-Ashraf ve Afdal’ın kitapları). Ayrıca, ünlü Rönesanslı İspanyol tarımcı olan Gabriel Alonso de Herrera’nın (ölm.1539) kitaplarındaki zeytincilik bölümleri ve İslami tarım kitaplarından önemli ve ciddi bir etki ihtiva eden kitapları bu kapsamda ele alınacaktır.

Keywords: Zeytin yetiştiriciliği, tarımsal bilimler tarihi, ortaçağ İslami ziraat el yazmaları

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The 1st International Prof. Dr. Fuat Sezgin Symposium on History Of Science in Islam Proceedings Book

CHAPTER

An Overview of Some Important Medieval Sources Related to Olive Growing in Terms of History of Agricultural Sciences

Tarım Bilimleri Tarihi Açısından Zeytin Yetiştiriciliğine Dair Bazı Önemli Ortaçağ Kaynaklarına Genel Bir Bakış

References

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