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DOI :10.26650/PB/AA08.2020.001.023   IUP :10.26650/PB/AA08.2020.001.023    Full Text (PDF)

The Reception of an Empirical Medical Theory: Galen’s Crisis Theory in the Arabic Commentaries on the Hippocratic Aphorisms

Glen M. Cooper

The Arabic Commentaries on the Hippocratic Aphorisms presents an opportunity to examine how a few important medical ideas, originally from Greek and translated into Arabic in the 9th Century, were transformed by later medical writers in the course of their own medical practice. These Commentaries are a corpus of texts representing twelve authors that span several centuries, gathered and edited in Manchester, by P. E. Pormann and his team. The present article examines the concept of medical crisis from Galen and how it came to be understood differently in time, as medieval authors consciously critiqued Galen and departed from him. Arabic authors both simplified it and elaborated on it. As an example of the latter, there is the development of battle, siege, and “body politic” imagery in the description of the relationship between patient, disease, and doctor. The richness of the developed imagery strongly indicates that medieval commentaries are not just derivative from the earlier text, but can contain useful and creative insights that advance scientific understanding. 


DOI :10.26650/PB/AA08.2020.001.023   IUP :10.26650/PB/AA08.2020.001.023    Full Text (PDF)

Deneysel Tıbbi Bir Kuramın Kabulü: Hipokrat’in Aforizmaları Üzerine Yapılmış Arapça Değerlendirmelerde Galen’in Kriz Kuramı

Glen M. Cooper

Hipokrat’ın Aforizmaları Üzerine Yapılmış Arapça Değerlendirmeler, aslen Rum kaynaklardan alınmış ve 9. yüzyılda Arapçaya tercüme edilmiş birkaç önemli tıbbi fikrin daha sonra gelen Ortaçağ yazarları tarafından kendi tıbbi uygulamalarında nasıl dönüştürüldüğünü inceleme fırsatı sunmaktadır. Birçok yüzyıldan yazarları temsil etmekte olan bu değerlendirmeler bir metinler mecmuası olup P. E. Pormann ve ekibi tarafından Manchester’da toplanarak derlenmiştir. Bu çalışma, Galen’in tıbbi kriz terimini ve Ortaçağ yazarlarının bilinçli olarak kendisini eleştirmesi ve kendisinden yollarını ayırmaları durumu üzerinden, zamanla bu terimin nasıl farklı anlaşılageldiğini incelemektedir. Arap yazarlar hem terimi basite indirgemiş hem de tafsil etmiştir. İkincisine bir örnek olarak, doktor, hastalık ve hasta arasındaki ilişkinin tasvirinde, savaşın gelişimi, kuşatma ve “siyasi yapı” imgelemi verilebilir. Geliştirilen imgelemin zenginliği güçlü bir şekilde göstermektedir ki Ortaçağ’da yapılan yorumlar birincil metnin sadece bir türevi değil aynı zamanda bilimsel anlayışı geliştiren faydalı ve yaratıcı bir iç görü de içerebilir.



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