Current Approaches, Solutions and Practices in Conservation of Cultural Heritage

EnglishTürkçe

CHAPTER


DOI :10.26650/B/AA9PS34.2024.006.023   IUP :10.26650/B/AA9PS34.2024.006.023    Full Text (PDF)

The Wooden Anchors of Karaburun: Documentation and Preliminary Assessments

Ufuk Kocabaş, Ayşegül Çetiner Dinçer, Rahmi Asal

The subjects of this article are two wooden anchors that were found by fishermen in 2011 off the Black Sea coast in Karaburun Village, Istanbul. The waterlogged wooden anchors were delivered to Istanbul University’s Conservation Laboratory for scientific analysis. Documentation studies carried out in the laboratory revealed the four pieces of the remains to belong to two different wooden anchors. The anchors are dated between 580-460 BC according to the C14 analyses. The waterlogged wooden anchors were stored wet, the desalination procedure was completed, and surface cleaning was carried out. After cleaning, photo-mosaics were completed of both sides of the anchors by combining approximately 25 photo-frames. Documentation was carried out using the 3D digitizer FaroArm; the technical details of the anchors, the data related to the manufacturing methods, and the elements such as nails, dowels, mortise and tenon joints are written on the drawing. Wood samples were taken from the anchors, and genus-species identifications as well as dendrochronological results are in the works.


Keywords: Anchor, Black Sea, Karaburun anchors, waterlogged wood, wooden anchor

References

  • Batchvarov, K. (2021). A Byzantine period merchant ship from the Black Sea. Archaeonautica, 21: pp. 176-179. google scholar
  • Curryer, B.N. (1999). Anchors: The Illustrated History. Annapolis-Maryland: Naval Institute Press. google scholar
  • Eiseman, C. J. and Ridgway, B. S. (1987). The Porticello Shipwreck: A Mediterranean Merchant Vessel of 415-385 BC. College Station, Texas. google scholar
  • Gyuzelev, M. (2008). The West Pontic Coast: Between Emine Cape and Byzantion During the First Millenium BC. Burgas. google scholar
  • Haldane, D.D. (1986). Wooden Anchor Arm Construction. International Journal of Nautical Archaeology. 15.2: 163-166. google scholar
  • Homeros. (1984). İlyada. Trans. A. Erhat, A. Kadir. İstanbul: Can Yayınları google scholar
  • Homeros. (1984). Odysseia. Trans. A. Erhat, A. Kadir. İstanbul: Can Yayınları. google scholar
  • Haldane, D.D. (1984). The Wooden Anchor, Texas A&M University (Unpublished master’s thesis). Texas. google scholar
  • Kapitan, G. (1990). Ancient Two-Armed Stone-Stocked Wooden Anchors-Chinese and Greek. International Journal of Nautical Archaeology. 19.3: 243-245. google scholar
  • Kapitan, G. (1984). Ancient Anchors-Technology and Classification. International Journal of Nautical Archa-eology. 13.1: 33-44. google scholar
  • Kocabaş, U. (2005). Çamaltı Burnu I Batığı Demir Çapalarının Tarihsel İncelenmesi, Koruma, Onarım ve Tıp-kıyapım Çalışmaları. (Unpublished doctoral thesis). İstanbul Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü. google scholar
  • Sayar, M. H. (2005). Roma İmparatorluk Devrinde İstanbul Boğazı ve Çevresinde Denizcilik Hakkında Bazı Notlar. Tarih Boyunca Dünyada ve Türklerde Denizcilik Semineri Bildiriler Kitabı, pp. 1-6. İstanbul: Globus Dünya Basımevi. google scholar
  • Paunov, E. (2017). The Tetradrachm Coinage of Apollonia Pontica: Iconography, Issues and Magistrates. Ed. D. Boteva. Studies in Ancient Numismatics in Honour of Dimitar Draganov, pp. 59-87. google scholar
  • Pausanias. (1964). Descriptio Graeciae. Ed. W.H.S. Jones. London: Loeb. google scholar
  • Plinius. (1947). Naturalis Historia. Ed. H.R. Rackham. London: Loeb. google scholar
  • Pindar. (1997). Pythian Odes. Ed. W.H. Raca. Loeb. google scholar
  • Rosloff, J.P. (1991). A One-Armed Anchor of c.400 BCE from the Ma’agan Michael Vessel, Israel. A Preliminary Report. International Journal of Nautical Archaeology, 20.3: 223-226. google scholar
  • Stephanus Byzantius. (1984). Etnicorum quae Supersunt, Ed. A. Meineke. Berlin. google scholar
  • Strabon. (1987). Geographika, (Coğrafya). Trans. A. Pekman, İstanbul: Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları. google scholar
  • Virgil. (1956). Aeneid. Ed. W.F.J. Knight. Penguin Classics. google scholar
  • Votruba, G. F. (2014). Iron Anchors and Mooring in the Ancient Mediterranean (until ca. 1500 CE). Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis. Oxford University. google scholar
  • Votruba G. F. and Artzy, M. (2016). An Archaic Anchor Arm from Liman Tepe/Klazomenai, Turkey. Internati-onal Journal of Nautical Archaeology, 45:2, 450-456. google scholar
  • Ward, C. and Ballard, R. D. (2004). Deep-water Archaeological Survey in the Black Sea: 2000 Season. Interna-tional Journal of Nautical Archaeology, 33.1: 2-13. google scholar


SHARE




Istanbul University Press aims to contribute to the dissemination of ever growing scientific knowledge through publication of high quality scientific journals and books in accordance with the international publishing standards and ethics. Istanbul University Press follows an open access, non-commercial, scholarly publishing.