Ecological Changes in the Sea of Marmara

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DOI :10.26650/B/LSB21LSB37.2024.023.028   IUP :10.26650/B/LSB21LSB37.2024.023.028    Full Text (PDF)

Evaluation of Current and Planned Artificial Reef Applications in the Sea of Marmara

Benal Gül

 The main objectives of the artificial reef practices along the Turkish coast are to improve damaged underwater habitats, support fisheries management and diving tourism. Both the central government, local governments and non-governmental organizations are preparing and implementing many projects to create artificial reef areas. Artificial reef projects are expected to be based on scientific reports. It is a legal obligation for projects prepared in this way to obtain an implementation permit from the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. In the last 30 years, 75 artificial reef applications have been realized on the Turkish coast. The Aegean and Mediterranean coasts are the most densely populated areas where artificial reef projects have been implemented. When the official records are examined, it is seen that there are 9 applications for public benefit and 2 applications for scientific research in the Sea of Marmara. In this study, the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, the district organizations of the ministry, fishermen cooperatives and diving clubs on the Marmara coast were surveyed and official and scientific documents were examined. Underwater surveys conducted in artificial reef areas were also included in the evaluations. The results of the study showed that the distribution of artificial reef areas is concentrated on the eastern and southern coasts of the Sea of Marmara. It was determined that large-scale and high-budget projects were both supported by scientific studies and the legal permission process was completed, while relatively small-scale projects were unsupervised and there was a lack of information about their status. There are major deficiencies in the legal follow up and scientific examination of artificial reef applications on the coasts of the Sea of Marmara. The relevant institutions should make the necessary arrangements and improvements on these issues.


Keywords: Artificial reef, marine ecosystem, The Sea of Marmara

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