Geography and the Anthropocene

EnglishTürkçe

CHAPTER


DOI :10.26650/B/SS19.2024.001.08   IUP :10.26650/B/SS19.2024.001.08    Full Text (PDF)

The Impact of Tourism in the Anthropocene

Marek Więckowski

Only recently has the Anthropocene become a subject of tourism-specific study, with modern tourism capable of being seen as a geophysical force contributing to a reshaping of the Earth for human purposes, as well as climate change. The impact of tourism on the environment is very broad , not least as tourists are associated with pollution, especially of water and air. Tourism has a significant impact on the development of space. Many traces left by tourism can be felt globally because tourism is part of the geophysical force operating on a planetary scale. The “overcrowding” of tourism brings about change on the planet and leaves its Anthropocene trace. However, we must remember that the huge and rapid development of tourism was stopped suddenly at the beginning of 2020 as a result of the global pandemic of the SARS-CoV-2. With a view to encouraging reflection on tourism’s potentially reduced impact on the planet, and hence its fate and role in the Anthropocene, this article proposes a number of suggested priority areas for the future.


Keywords: Tourism, Anthropocene, Overtourism, Tourismophobia, COVID-19

References

  • Agrawal, A. (2003). Sustainable governance of common-pool resources: Context, methods, and politics. Annual Review of Anthropology, 32, 243-262. google scholar
  • Barnosky, A.D., Koch, P.L., Feranec, R.S., Wing, S.L., Shabel, A.B. (2004). Assessing the causes of late Pleistocene extinctions on the continents. Science, 306(5693), 70-75. https://doi.org/10.1126/ science.1101476 google scholar
  • Barr, S., Shaw, G., & Coles, T. (2010). ‘A holiday is a holiday’: Practising sustainability, home and away. Journal of Transport Geography, 18(3), 474-481. google scholar
  • Braun, B. (2015). From critique to experiment: Rethinking political ecology for the Anthropocene. In T. Perrault, G. Bridge & J. McCarthy (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of political ecology (pp. 102-115). New York: Routledge. google scholar
  • Butler R.W., 1980, The concept of a tourist area cycle of evolution and implications for management. The Canadian Geographer, 24, 5-12. google scholar
  • Caccomo J.L., Solonandrasana B., (2001), L’innovation dans l’industrie touristique. Enjeux et strategies, L’Harmattan, Paris. google scholar
  • Castells M., (1996), The rise of the network society - the information age, Blackwell, Oxford. google scholar
  • Castree, N., (2014a), The Anthropocene and geography I: the back story. Geography Compass 8, 436-449. google scholar
  • Castree, N., (2014b), Making Sense of Nature: Representation, Politics and Democracy. Routledge, London. google scholar
  • Cohen, E., (1974), Who Is a Tourist? A Conceptual Clarification, SociologicalReview, 22(4): 527-55. google scholar
  • Cook B., Rickards L., & Rutherfurd I., (2015) Geographies of the Anthropocene, Geographical Research, doi: 10.1111/1745-5871.12127 google scholar
  • Crutzen, P.J. (2002). Geology of mankind. Nature 415(6867), 23. google scholar
  • Crutzen, P. J. (2006). The Anthropocene. In E. Ehlers & T. Krafft (Eds.), Earth system science in the Anthropocene: Emerging issues and problems (pp. 13-19). Berlin: Springer. google scholar
  • Crutzen, P.J. & Stoermer, E.F. (2000). The “Anthropocene”. Global Change Newsletter, 41, 17-18. google scholar
  • Dickinson, J. E., Robbins, D. K., & Lumsdon, L. (2010). Holiday travel discourse and climate change. Journal of Transport Geography, 18(3), 482-489. google scholar
  • Edgeworth, M., deB Richter, D., Waters, C., Haff, P., Neal, C., Price, S.J. (2015). Diachronous beginnings of the Anthropocene: The lower bounding surface of anthropogenic deposits. The Anthropocene Review, 2(1), 33-58. https://doi.org/10.1177/2053019614565394 google scholar
  • Edgeworth, M., Ellis, E.C., Gibbard, P., Neal, C., Ellis, M. (2019). The chronostratigraphic method is unsuitable for determining the start of the Anthropocene. Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment, 43(3), 334-344. https://doi.org/10.1177/0309133319831673 google scholar
  • Ellis, E.C. (2011). Anthropogenic transformation of the terrestrial biosphere. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 369(1938), 1010-1035. https://doi. org/10.1098/rsta.2010.0331 google scholar
  • Fletcher, R. (2011). Sustaining tourism, sustaining capitalism? The tourism industry’s role in global capitalist expansion. Tourism Geographies, 13(3), 443-461. doi:10.1080/14616688.2011.570372 google scholar
  • Fletcher R. (2019) Ecotourism after nature: Anthropocene tourism as a new capitalist “fix”, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 27:4, 522-535, DOI: 10.1080/09669582.2018.1471084 google scholar
  • Fuentes, A. (2010). Naturalcultural encounters in Bali: Monkeys, temples, tourists, and ethnoprimatology. Cultural Anthropology, 25(4), 600-624. google scholar
  • Glikson, A. (2013). Fire and human evolution: the deep-time blueprints of the Anthropocene. Anthropocene, 3, 89-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ancene.2014.02.002 google scholar
  • Gössling, S., Ring, A., Dwyer, L., Andersson, A. C., & Hall, C. M. (2016). Optimizing or maximizing growth? A challenge for sustainable tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 24(4), 527-548. https://doi.org/10.10 80/09669582.2015.1085869 google scholar
  • Gössling, S., Scott, D., Hall, C. M., Ceron, J.-P., & Dubois, G. (2011). Consumer behaviour and demand response of tourist to climate change. Annals of Tourism Research, 39(1), 36-58. google scholar
  • Gren M. & Huijbens E.H., 2014, Tourism and the Anthropocene, Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, DOI: 10.1080/15022250.2014.886100 google scholar
  • Gren M. & Huijbens E.H. (ed.), (2016), Tourism and the Anthropocene, Routledge https://doi. org/10.4324/9781315747361 google scholar
  • Hughes. H., (2003), Arts, Entertainment and Tourism. Oxford-Burlington, Butterworth-Heinemann google scholar
  • Hall, C. M., & Saarinen, J. (2011). Geotourism and climate change. Paradoxes and promises of geotourism in polar regions. Teoros. Revue de recherche en tourisme, 29(29-2), 77-86. google scholar
  • Hall, C. M. (2005). Tourism: Rethinking the social science of mobility. Pearson. google scholar
  • Hall C.M., 2003, Introduction to Tourism: Dimensions and Issues, 4th edn. Melbourne: Pearson Education. google scholar
  • Hall M.C., Scott D., Gössling S., (2020), Pandemics, transformations and tourism: be careful what you wish for, Tourism Geographies, DOI: 10.1080/14616688.2020.1759131 google scholar
  • Hares, A., Dickinson, J., & Wilkes, K. (2010). Climate change and the air travel decisions of UK tourists. Journal of Transport Geography, 18(3), 466-473. google scholar
  • Harvey, F. (2020, April 1). Financial help for airlines ‘should come with strict climate conditions. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/apr/01/financial-help-for-airlines-should-come-with-strict-climate-conditions google scholar
  • Higgins-Desbiolles, F. (2006). More than an Industry: Tourism as a social force. Tourism Management, 27(6), 1192-1208. doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2005.05.020 google scholar
  • Higgins-Desbiolles, F. (2018). Sustainable tourism: Sustaining tourism or something else? Tourism Management Perspectives, 25, 157-160. doi:10.1016/j.tmp.2017.11.01 google scholar
  • Higgins-Desbiolles, F. (2020). Socialising tourism for social and ecological justice after COVID-19. Tourism Geographies, 22, 610-623. google scholar
  • Hui A., 2008, Many homes for tourism: Re-considering spatializations of home and away in tourism mobilities, Tourist Studies, 8, pp. 291-311. google scholar
  • Hunziker W., 1951, Le tourisme social. Berne, google scholar
  • Kolosov, V. A., Tikunov, V. S., Eremchenko, E. N. (2021). Areas of socio-geographical study of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia and the World. Geography, 254; Environment, Sustainability, 14, 109-116. DOI: https:// doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2021-091 google scholar
  • Kruczek Z., 2019, Ways to counteract the negative effects of overtourism at tourist attractions and destinations, Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska. Sectio B, VOL. LXXIV, 45-57, DOI: 10.17951/ b.2019.74.0.45-57 google scholar
  • Larson, G., Piperno, D.R., Allaby, R.G., Purugganan, M.D., Andersson, L., Arroyo-Kalin, M., ... Doust, A.N. (2014). Current perspectives and the future of domestication studies. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(17), 6139-6146. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1323964111 google scholar
  • Lew, A. A., Cheer, J. M., Haywood, M., Brouder, P., Salazar, N. B. (2020). Visions of travel and tourism after the global COVID-19 transformation of 2020. Tourism Geographies, 22, 455-466. google scholar
  • Lewis, S.L., Maslin, M.A. (2015). Defining the anthropocene. Nature, 519(7542), 171-180. https://doi. org/10.1038/nature14258 google scholar
  • Lorimer, J. (2015). Wildlife in the Anthropocene: Conservation after Nature. 10.5749/ minnesota/9780816681075.001.0001. google scholar
  • MacCannell D., (1976), The Tourist: A New Theory of the Leisure Class. Schocken Books, New York google scholar
  • Maslow A.H., 1943, A theory of Human Motivation, Psychological Review 50(4), 370-96. google scholar
  • Mathieson A., Wall G., 1982 Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts, London: Longman. google scholar
  • Mayer M., Zbaraszewski W., Pienkowski D., Gach G., Gernert J., 2019. Barrier effects of the Polish- German border on tourism and recreation: The case of protected areas. An introduction [in:] Cross- Border Tourism in Protected Areas. Geographies of Tourism and Global Change, Cham: Springer, pp. 1-17. https://doi. org/10.1007/978-3-030-05961-3_1 google scholar
  • Milano C. (2017) Turismofobia: cuando el turismo entra en la agenda de los movimientos sociales. Marea Urbana, 1, 5-8. google scholar
  • Moore, A. (2015). Anthropocene anthropology: Reconceptualizing contemporary global change. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute. 22. n/a-n/a. 10.1111/1467-9655.12332. google scholar
  • Müller D., 2018. Tourism and transition [in:] Müller D., Wiçckowski M. (eds.), Tourism in transitions: Recovering decline, managing change, Cham: Springer, pp. 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64325-0_1 google scholar
  • Murgas, F., Petrovic, F. (2020), Quality of life and quality of environment in Czechia in the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Geograficky casopis, 72, 261-274. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31577/geogrcas.2020.72.3.13 google scholar
  • Poon A., 1993. Tourism, technology and competitive strategies. Wallingford: CAB International. google scholar
  • Pretes, M. (1995). Postmodern tourism. The Santa Claus industry. Annals of Tourism Research 22: 1, 1-15. google scholar
  • Rockstrom, J., & Klum, M. (2012). The human quest — Prospering withinplanetary boundaries. Stockholm: Bokforlaget Langenskiold. google scholar
  • Ruddiman, W.F. (2013). The anthropocene. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 41, 45-68. https:// doi.org/10.1146/annurev-earth-050212-123944 google scholar
  • Russo A.P., Scarnato A. (2018), Barcelona in common: A new urban regime for the 21st-century tourist city? Journal of Urban Affairs, 40(4). https://doi.org/10.1080/07352166.2017.1373023 google scholar
  • Saarinen J., (2017), Enclavic tourism spaces: Territorialization and bordering in tourism destination devel-opment and planning. Tourism Geographies, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 425-437. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461668 8.2016.1258433 google scholar
  • Scott, D., Hall, M. C., & Gossling, S. (2012). Tourism and climate change: Impacts, adaption and mitigation. London: Routledge. google scholar
  • Snowball, I., Hounslow, M.W., Nilsson, A. (2014). Geomagnetic and mineral magnetic characterization of the Anthropocene. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 395(1), 119-141. https://doi.org/10.1144/ SP395.13 google scholar
  • Steffen, W., Crutzen, P. J., & McNeill, J.R. (2007). The Anthropocene: are humans now overwhelming the great forces of nature. Ambio, 36(8), 614-621. google scholar
  • Stock M., 2001, Brighton & Hove: Station touristique ou ville touristique?, Geocarrefour. Revue geographique de Lyon, vol. 76, no.2, s. 127-131 google scholar
  • Timothy D.J., (2018), Geography: The substance of tourism. Tourism Geographies, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 166-169. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2017.1402948 google scholar
  • UNWTO. (2019). Tourism highlights 2018 edition. United Nations World Tourist Organization. Retrieved april 2020, from, www.unwto.org google scholar
  • UNWTO, (2018), Overtourism? Understanding and managing urban tourism growth beyond perceptions. Madrid. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18111/9789284419999. Online: https://www.e-unwto. org/doi/ pdf/10.18111/9789284420070 (access: 20.04.2020). google scholar
  • Urry J., (1990), The Tourist Gaze: Leisure and Travel in Contemporary Societies, Sage, London. google scholar
  • Urry J., (2002), The Tourist Gaze, 2nd edition, Sage Publications of London, Thousand Oaks and New Delhi. google scholar
  • Waters, C.N. & Zalasiewicz, J. (2018). Concrete: the most abundant novel rock type of the Anthropocene. In D.A. Dellasala, M.I. Goldstein (eds.), Encyclopedia of the Anthropocene, 1, (pp. 75-85). Elsevier. google scholar
  • Wiçckowski M., (2014), Tourism space: an attempt at a fresh look, Tourism 2014, 24/1, DOI 10.2478/tour-2014-0002 google scholar
  • Wiçckowski M. &Saarinen J., (2019), Tourism transitions, changes, and the creation of new spaces and places in Central-Eastern Europe, Geographia Polonica, vol. 92. iss. 4, 369-377, doi: https://doi.org/10.7163/ GPol.0154 google scholar
  • Wiçckowski, M. (2020). Can a pandemic stop or slow the Anthropocene? Geographia Polonica, 93, 473-492. google scholar
  • Wiçckowski, M. (2021). Will the consequences of Covid-19 trigger a redefining of the role of transport in the development of sustainable tourism? Sustainability, 13, 1887. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su13041887 google scholar
  • Wiçckowski, M. (2022). Spatial dimension of tourism in the Anthropocene, Geograficky casopis, vol. 74, no. 3, 247 - 256; https://doi.org/10.31577/geogrcas.2022.74.3.12 google scholar
  • Williams S. & Lew A. (2014), Tourism Geography. Critical understandings of place, space and experience, Routledge google scholar
  • Wolfe, A.P., Hobbs, W.O., Birks, H.H., Briner, J.P., Holmgren, S.U., Ingolfsson, O., ... Vinebrooke, R.D. (2013). Stratigraphic expressions of the Holocene-Anthropocene transition revealed in sediments from remote lakes. Earth-Science Reviews, 116, 17-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2012.11.001 google scholar
  • Zalasiewicz, J., Waters, C.N., Williams, M., Barnosky, A.D., Cearreta, A., Crutzen, P., ... Haff, P.K. (2015). When did the Anthropocene begin? A mid-twentieth century boundary level is stratigraphically optimal. Quaternary International, 383, 196-203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2014.11.045 google scholar
  • Zalasiewicz, J., Gabbott, S., Waters, C.N. (2019). Plastic waste: How plastics have become part of the Earth’s geological cycle. In Waste (pp. 443-452). Academic Press. google scholar


SHARE




Istanbul University Press aims to contribute to the dissemination of ever growing scientific knowledge through publication of high quality scientific journals and books in accordance with the international publishing standards and ethics. Istanbul University Press follows an open access, non-commercial, scholarly publishing.