CHAPTER


DOI :10.26650/B/SS32.2022.04.11   IUP :10.26650/B/SS32.2022.04.11    Full Text (PDF)

The Significance of Spatial Cognition in Aviation Psychology

Reyyan Bilge

This chapter focuses on spatial disorientation and examines it from the perspectives of spatial cognition and aviation psychology. Spatial cognition is acquiring, perceiving, representing, remembering, and using spatial information, a common process we engage in daily life. Therefore, the importance of spatial cognition and spatial information processing in the aviation industry, especially for pilots, is clearly understood. Spatial disorientation is one of the conditions that pilots do not want in flights. Possible disorientation might accentuate the factors that they do not easily recover from. If spatial disorientation occurs, it weakens a pilot’s situation awareness, which in turn might lead to errors, minor or even fatal accidents. Therefore, the motto for civil aviation pilots is to ‘trust their instruments’. The section first tackles the questions on spatial orientation and spatial disorientation. It starts by explaining what spatial cognition is, how spatial information is processed in the mind and why spatial skills are necessary ingredients in aviation. Then spatial disorientation and the circumstances in which pilots might experience this condition are described in detail. Lastly, by reviewing the studies on spatial cognition, disorientation, and aviation, research advances are introduced while suggestions are presented to the aviation industry. 


DOI :10.26650/B/SS32.2022.04.11   IUP :10.26650/B/SS32.2022.04.11    Full Text (PDF)

Havacılık Psikolojisinde Uzamsal Bilişin Önemi

Reyyan Bilge

Bu bölüm uzamsal yönelim bozukluğuna odaklanarak, bu kavramı uzamsal biliş ve havacılık psikolojisi perspektiflerinden incelemektedir. Uzamsal biliş, mekân bilgisini elde etmek, algılamak, temsil etmek, hatırlamak ve kullanmak olarak tanımlanmakta, yani günlük hayatta meşgul olduğumuz birçok faaliyette bilinçli olarak farkına varamasak da yer almaktadır. Bu nedenle, havacılık endüstrisi düşünüldüğünde, özellikle de pilotlar göz önüne alındığında, uzamsal biliş ve mekâna dair bilgiyi işlemenin önemi açıkça anlaşılmaktadır. Uzamsal yönelim bozukluğu, pilotların aktif uçuşlarda istemedikleri koşullardan biridir. Olası bir yönelim bozukluğu, kolayca kurtulamadıkları faktörleri etkin hale getirebilir. Uzamsal yönelim bozukluğu yaşamaları halinde pilotun durum farkındalığı zayıflar ve bu da hataların gerçekleşmesine, küçük veya ölümcül kazalara neden olabilir. Bu nedenle sivil havacılık pilotlarının sloganı, enstrümanlarına güvenmektir. Bu sloganın amacı ise yönelim bozukluğunu öncelikli olarak önlemek ve fakat oluştuysa durumu yönetmektir. Bu bölüm ilk olarak uzamsal yönelim ve uzamsal yönelim bozukluğuna ilişkin soruları ele almakta, uzamsal bilişin ne olduğunu, uzamsal bilginin zihinde nasıl işlendiğini ve uzaysal becerinin neden havacılıkta gerekli bir bileşen olduğunu açıklamaktadır. Bunları takiben uzaysal yönelim bozukluğu ve pilotların bu durumu yaşayabilecekleri koşullar ayrıntılı olarak açıklanmıştır. Son olarak da uzamsal biliş, uzamsal yönelim bozukluğu ve havacılık psikolojisi ile ilgili çalışmalar gözden geçirilerek, yeni araştırmalar tanıtılmakta ve havacılık sektörüne öneriler sunulmaktadır. 



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