CHAPTER


DOI :10.26650/B/SS32.2022.04.22   IUP :10.26650/B/SS32.2022.04.22    Full Text (PDF)

Psychological Intervention Strategies On Aviation Crisis

Esin Temeloğlu Şen

A crisis is defined as a disaster or an opportunity by different theorists. Despite the change in the definitions' aspects, all theorists agree that a crisis will turn into a traumatic process if not intervened in. Therefore, crisis intervention has been used in individual, organizational, and community areas. The nature of aviation is an industry that might be hazardous and encounter crises before, during, and after an operation. Therefore, it is a requirement that aviation workers are always prepared to cope with a crisis. Aviation companies often focus on organizational arrangements with crises before and during operations. However, this may be caused by not noticing individual problems after a crisis. Hence, this chapter aimed to clearly explain intervention strategies to reduce the intensity of a crisis experienced after the aviation crisis. After a crisis, Critical Incident Stress Management, Psychological First Aid, and The Seven-Stage Crisis Intervention Model are generally used for interventions. There are some advantages and disadvantages for all three crisis interventions compared with each other. However, all of these indicate a comprehensive and structural perspective. Therefore, the aviation crisis arrangements should follow the modelbased intervention that has been already tested in other cases. On the other hand, cultural issues, one of the essential areas of effective intervention, must be included in aviation crisis intervention. Consequently, aviation companies should add individual-focused strategies after crisis intervention plans, and these strategies should be evidencebased and sensitive to cultural differences.


DOI :10.26650/B/SS32.2022.04.22   IUP :10.26650/B/SS32.2022.04.22    Full Text (PDF)

Havacılıkta Krizlere Psikolojik Müdahale Yöntemleri

Esin Temeloğlu Şen

Kriz farklı araştırmacılar tarafından bazen bir felaket bazen de fırsat olarak tanımlanabilmektedir. Tanımlardaki değişikliklere rağmen, tüm araştırmacıların dikkat çektikleri en temel durum krizlerin eğer müdahale edilmezse travmatik öğelere dönebileceğidir. Bu nedenle krize erken müdahale sadece bireysel değil örgütsel ve toplumsal pek çok alanda kullanılmaktadır. Havacılık doğası itibariyle riskli olabilen ve operasyon öncesinde, sırasında ve sonrasında pek çok krizle karşılaşılabilen bir sektördür. Dolayısıyla havacılık sektörü çalışanlarının her zaman krizlere karşı hazırlıklı olması şarttır. Krizlerle ilgili örgütsel düzenlemelerde havacılık firmaları operasyon öncesi ve operasyon sırasına odaklanmaktadır. Ancak kriz sonrası bireylerde yaşanabilecek problemler bazen göz ardı edilebilmektedir. Bu nedenle bu bölümde havacılık krizlerinin ardından bireylerin yaşadığı zorlanmaları en aza indirmeyi hedefleyen müdahale yöntemlerinin detaylı şekilde açıklanması hedeflenmiştir. Havacılıkta krizlerin ardından en sık kullanılan müdahale yöntemleri Kriz Durumlarında Stres Yönetimi (KDSY), Psikolojik İlk Yardım (PİY) ve Roberts’ın Yedi Basamaklı Krize Müdahale Modeli’dir. Bu bölümde ele alınan üç müdahale yönteminin de birbirleri ile karşılaştırıldığında üstünlükleri ve kimi zayıflıkları vardır. Buna rağmen, her birinin krize müdahalede yapısal ve kapsamlı bir çerçeve sunduğu görülmektedir. Bu nedenle havacılık alanındaki krizlere yönelik düzenlemelerin, hâlihazırda geliştirilmiş olan bu modellere dayanan müdahale stratejilerini takip etmesi önerilmektedir. Öte yandan, etkili bir müdahalenin olmazsa olmaz alanlarından bir tanesi olan kültürel meselelerin bahsi geçen model odaklı müdahaleler içerisinde yer alması faydalı olacaktır. Dahası, havacılık sektöründe uygulanan kriz sonrası müdahale planlarına mutlaka birey odaklı stratejilerin eklemesi; bu stratejilerin kanıta dayalı ve kültürel farklılıklara hassasiyetli olması sağlanmalıdır. 



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