CHAPTER


DOI :10.26650/B/SS32.2022.04.04   IUP :10.26650/B/SS32.2022.04.04    Full Text (PDF)

The Importance of Psychological Traits and Evaluation Methods in Pilots’ Selection

Dilek Anuk

Airline pilots often have to fly under stressful and dangerous conditions, so the evaluation of psychological characteristics is critical in selecting pilot candidates. Choosing suitable candidates for piloting in terms of psychological characteristics reduces the risk of tragic accidents later. Also, even if they do not directly cause aircraft accidents, psychological characteristics can degrade a pilot's performance and threaten flight safety with potentially devastating consequences. Therefore, for an airline operator, hiring and training the best pilots depends on an accurate and complete assessment of the psychological characteristics and the knowledge, skills, and abilities that determine the candidates' job performance. Aircraft accidents, which are claimed to have occurred as a result of the deliberate actions of pilots, have drawn attention to the importance of psychological assessment in pilot selection. In addition to the accidents that are thought to be derived from the serious psychological problems of the pilots, there are many accidents caused by pilot errors such as alcohol-medication-drug use, fatigue, sleeplessness, emotional problems, lack of situation awareness, and communication problems. The psychological assessment used in the pilot selection usually involves a step-by-step sequence of procedures. In pilot selection, a standard psychological assessment includes biographical data forms, cognitive and psychomotor ability tests, personality tests, and individual and group interviews. It should be kept in mind that it would be a more accurate approach to take decisions by considering the results obtained from these evaluation methods together in the pilot selection.


DOI :10.26650/B/SS32.2022.04.04   IUP :10.26650/B/SS32.2022.04.04    Full Text (PDF)

Pilot Seçiminde Psikolojik Özelliklerin Önemi ve Değerlendirilme Yöntemleri

Dilek Anuk

Hava yolu pilotları genellikle stresli ve tehlikeli koşullar altında uçmak zorunda olduklarından pilot adaylarının seçiminde psikolojik özelliklerin değerlendirilmesi kritik önem taşır. Psikolojik özellikler açısından pilotluk mesleğine uygun adayların seçilmesi, daha sonra trajik kazaların yaşanma riskini azaltır. Ayrıca, doğrudan uçak kazalarına neden olmasalar bile, psikolojik özellikler pilotun performansını düşürebilir ve potansiyel olarak yıkıcı sonuçlarla uçuş güvenliğini tehdit edebilir. Bu nedenle, hava yolu işletmecileri için en iyi pilotları işe almak ve eğitmek, psikolojik özelliklerin yanı sıra adayların iş performansını belirleyen bilgi, beceri ve yeteneklerin doğru ve eksiksiz bir şekilde değerlendirilmesine bağlıdır. Pilotların kasıtlı davranışları sonucu meydana geldiği ileri sürülen uçak kazalarıyla birlikte pilot seçiminde psikolojik değerlendirmenin önemi daha iyi anlaşılmıştır. Pilotların ciddi psikolojik sorunlarından kaynaklandığı düşünülen kazaların yanı sıra, alkol-ilaç-uyuşturucu kullanımı, yorgunluk, uykusuzluk, duygusal sorunlar, durum farkındalığı eksikliği, iletişim sorunları gibi pilot hatalarından kaynaklanan çok sayıda kaza bulunmaktadır. Pilot adaylarının seçiminde psikolojik değerlendirme genellikle adım adım uygulanan prosedürler dizisinden oluşur. Pilot seçiminde standart bir psikolojik değerlendirme biyografik veri formlarını, bilişsel, psikomotor yetenek testlerini, kişilik testlerini, bireysel ve grup mülakatını kapsar. Pilot seçiminde bu değerlendirme sonuçlarının birlikte ele alınarak karar verilmesinin, daha doğru bir yaklaşım olacağı akılda tutulmalıdır. 



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