CHAPTER


DOI :10.26650/B/SS32.2022.04.13   IUP :10.26650/B/SS32.2022.04.13    Full Text (PDF)

Pilot Peer Support Programs and Pilot Mentoring in Civil Aviation

Tuba Nur Yazıcı

With the reduction of capacity in the aviation industry, pilots may lose their jobs or have to work in more difficult conditions. Pilots should be aware of the risk factors that may threaten their mental health in order to maintain their performance. This is of critical importance in terms of both flight safety and performance. In this respect, it is of great importance for pilots to maintain their well-being. In addition to performance, pilots' well-being levels affect their relationships with others in the work environment and their private lives. Therefore, it is anticipated that pilots may need resiliency, well-being, and coping skills more than in normal conditions. It is very important that a positive work environment be provided through programs like mentoring, and that pilot support programs are prioritized because of their positive effects on the psychological resilience and well-being of pilots. It is predicted that peer support and mentoring programs will be beneficial and effective for pilots who hesitate to receive psychological support due to the fear of being labeled with a psychiatric diagnosis and the possible effects of such a diagnosis on the job. Given this context, this chapter discusses the essential elements that should be included in pilot peer support and mentoring programs.


DOI :10.26650/B/SS32.2022.04.13   IUP :10.26650/B/SS32.2022.04.13    Full Text (PDF)

Sivil Havacılık Sektöründe Pilot Akran Destek Programları ve Pilot Mentörlüğü

Tuba Nur Yazıcı

Pilotlar performanslarını sürdürebilmek açısından ruh sağlıklarını tehdit edebilecek risk faktörlerinin bilincinde olmalıdır. Bu durum hem uçuş güvenliği hem de performansları açısından kritik bir önem taşımaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, pilotların iyi oluşlarını sürdürmeleri büyük bir önem arz etmektedir. Performansa ek olarak, pilotların iyi oluş düzeyleri çalışma ortamında ve kendi özel hayatlarında diğerleriyle olan ilişkilerini önemli ölçüde etkilemektedir. Bu yüzden, pilotların dayanıklılık, iyi oluş ve başa çıkma becerilerine ihtiyaç duyabileceği öngörülmektedir. Pilotların çalışma ortamlarının psikolojik sağlamlık ve iyi oluşlarını destekleyecek şekilde yapılandırılması oluşturacağı pozitif etkileri bağlamında oldukça önemlidir. Psikiyatrik bir tanı ile etiketlenme korkusundan ve işe olası etkilerinden dolayı psikolojik destek almaktan çekinen pilotlara yönelik olarak akran destek programlarının ve mentörlük çalışmalarının faydası ve etkisinin olabileceği öngörülmektedir. Bu doğrultuda, pilot akran destek programının içerdiği adımlar ve dikkat edilmesi gereken hususlar ile mentörlük sürecine yönelik hususlar bu bölümde ele alınmıştır. 



References

  • Aksu, M., Aksu, T., Apaydın, Ç., Kasalak, G., Tan, O. ve Şenol, Y. (2015). Aday öğretmenlerin uygulamalı eğitim sürecinin akran danışma ve kliniksel denetim yoluyla desteklenmesi. Kuram ve Uygulamada Egitim Yönetimi Dergisi, 21(2), 131-160. google scholar
  • Bandura A. (1977). Social Learning Theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. google scholar
  • Bell, C. ve Goldsmith, M. (2013). Managers As Mentors. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. google scholar
  • Billet, S. (2003). Workplace mentors: demands and benefits. Journal of Workplace Learning. 15 (3): 105-113. google scholar
  • Burke, R. J. (1984). Mentors in organizations. Group & Organization Studies, 9(3), 353-372 google scholar
  • Burke, R. J. ve McKeen, C. A. (1997). Benefits of mentoring relationships among managerial and professional women: A cautionary tale. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 51: 43-57. google scholar
  • Cahill, J., Cullen, P. ve Gaynor, K. (2018). Estimating the impact of work-related stress on pilot wellbeing and flight safety. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Human Mental Workload: Models and Applications (H-WORKLOAD 2018), Netherlands Aerospace Centre (NLR), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (pp. 20-21). google scholar
  • Cahill, J., Cullen, P. ve Gaynor, K. (2020). Interventions to support the management of work-related stress (WRS) and wellbeing/mental health issues for commercial pilots. Cognition, Technology & Work, 22(3), 517-547. google scholar
  • Cahill, J., Cullen, P. ve Gaynor, K. (2020). Interventions to support the management of work-related stress (WRS) and wellbeing/mental health issues for commercial pilots. Cognition, Technology & Work, 22(3), 517-547. google scholar
  • Chao, G. T. (1997). Mentoring phases and outcomes. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 51: 15-28. google scholar
  • Chao, G. T. (2009). Formal mentoring: Lessons learned from past practice. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 40(3), 314-320. google scholar
  • Chao, G. T., Walz, P. ve Gardner, P. D. (1992). Formal and informal mentorships: A comparison on mentoring functions and contrast with nonmentored counterparts. Personnel Psychology, 45(3), 619-636. google scholar
  • Çam, O. ve Büyükbayram, A. (2017). Hemşirelerde psikolojik dayanıklılık ve etkileyen faktörler. Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi, 8(2), 118-126. google scholar
  • Çırpan, F. K. ve Çınar, S. (2013). Sağlık hizmetleri meslek yüksekokulu öğrencilerinde akran desteği ile akademik başarı arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, 3(4), 191-199. google scholar
  • Davidson, L., Chinman, M., Sells, D. ve Rowe, M. (2006). Peer Support Among Adults With Serious Mental Illness: A Report From the Field. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 32, 443-450 google scholar
  • Day, R. ve Allen, T. D. (2004). The relationship between career motivation and self-efficacy with protege career success. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 64: 72-91 google scholar
  • Dickens, P. (2020). Cleared for Take-o_. A Pilot’s Guide to Returning to Flying. Challenging Times (12.10.2021 tarihinde https://www.core-ap.co.uk/challenging-times adresinden alınmıştır.) google scholar
  • Eby, L. T., Allen, T. D., Evans, S. C., Ng, T. ve Dubois, D. (2008). Does Mentoring Matter? A Multidisciplinary Meta-Analysis Comparing Mentored and Non-Mentored Individuals. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 72(2), 254-267. https://doi.org/10.1016/jjvb.2007.04.005 google scholar
  • Eby, L. T., McManus, S. E., Simon, S. A. ve Russell, J. E. A. (2000). The protege’s perspective regarding negative mentoring experiences: The development of a taxonomy. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 57: 1-21. google scholar
  • Ensher, E. A., Grant-Vallone, E. J. ve Marelich, W. D. (2002). Effects of perceived attitudinal and demographic similarity on proteges’ support and satisfaction gained from their mentoring relationships. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 32: 1407-1430. google scholar
  • European Pilot Peer Support Initiative (2020). Pilot Peer Support Programmes The EPPSI Guide. Vol 1: Design and Implementation (2nd. ed.) google scholar
  • Fagenson, E. A. (1994). Perceptions of proteges’ vs. nonproteges’ relationships with their, peers, superiors, and departments. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 45: 55-78. google scholar
  • Fagenson-Eland, E. A., Marks, M. A. ve Amendola, K. L. (1997). Perceptions of mentoring relationships. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 51: 29-42. google scholar
  • Gedde, C. ve Strickland, B. (1984). From plateaus to progress: a model for career development. Training.21(6):56-61. google scholar
  • Gibson, S. (1998). An evaluation of characteristics and practices associated with effective mentoring within the United States Air Force. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Air Force Institute of Technology, Nijerya. google scholar
  • Godshalk, V. M. ve Sosik, J. J. (2003). Aiming for career success: The role of learning goal orientation in mentoring relationships. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 63: 417-437. google scholar
  • Gould, M., Greenberg, N. ve Hetherton, J. (2007). Stigma and the military: Evaluation of a PTSD psychoeducational program. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 20, 505-515. doi:10.1002/jts.20233 google scholar
  • Haggard, D. L., Dougherty, T. W., Turban, D. B. ve Wilbanks, J. E. (2011). Who Is a Mentor? A Review of Evolving Definitions and Implications for Research. Journal of Management, 37(1), 280-304. google scholar
  • Hersey, J., Williams-Piehota, P., Sparling, P. B., Alexander, J., Hill, M. D., Isenberg, K. B. ve Dunet, D. O. (2008). Promising practices in promotion of healthy weight at small and medium-sized US worksites. Preventing Chronic Disease, 5(4), A122 google scholar
  • Inzer, D.L. ve Crawford, B.C. (2005). A review of formal and informal mentoring: processes, problems and design. Journal ofLeadership Educations. Vol (4), 31-50. google scholar
  • Josephs, L. (2020). American Airlines Cutting International Summer Schedule by 60% as Coronavirus Drives Down Demand. CNBC News. 2 April 2020. (12.10.2021 tarihinde https://www.cnbc.com/2020/04/02/ coronavirus-updateamerican-airlines-cuts-summer-international-flights-by-60percent-as-demand-su_ers. html adresinden alınmıştır.) google scholar
  • Kavanaugh J., Duffy J.A ve Lilly J. (2006). The relationship between job satisfaction and demographic variables for healthcare professionals. Manag Res News. 29(6):304—25 google scholar
  • Kram K. E. (1985b). Mentoring at work: Developmental relationships in organizational life. Glenview, Ill.: Scott, Foresman google scholar
  • Kram, K. E. (1985a). Improving the mentoring process. Training and Development Journal, 39, 40-43 google scholar
  • Kram, K. E. ve Isabella, L. A. 1985. Mentoring alternatives: The role of peer relationships in career development. Academy ofManagement Journal, 28: 110-132. google scholar
  • Mullen, E. J. ve Noe, R. A. (1999). The mentoring information exchange: when do mentors seek information from their proteges?. Journal of Organizational Behavior: The International Journal of Industrial, Occupational and Organizational Psychology and Behavior, 20(2), 233-242. google scholar
  • Morse, J. S. ve Bor, R. (2016). Psychiatric disorders and syndromes among pilots. In Aviation mental health (pp. 129-148). Routledge. google scholar
  • Odeen, M., Ihlelbek. C., Indahl, A., Wormgoor, M. E. A., Lie, S. A. ve Eriksen, H. R. (2013). Effect of peer-based low back pain information and reassurance at the workplace on sick leave: A cluster randomized trial. Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 23, 209-219. doi:10.1007/s10926-013-9451-z google scholar
  • Ostroff, C. ve Kozlowski, S. W. (1993). The role of mentoring in the information gathering processes of newcomers during early organizational socialization. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 42: 170-183. google scholar
  • Pop R.S. (2011). Mentoring nurse practitioners in a hospital setting. Doktora Tezi, University of Texas, Airlington. google scholar
  • Ragins, B. R. ve Cotton, J. L. (1999). Mentor functions and outcomes: a comparison of men and women in formal and informal mentoring relationships. Journal of applied psychology, 84(4), 529. google scholar
  • Ragins, B. R. ve Scandura, T. A. (1997). The way we were: Gender and the termination of mentoring relationships. Journal ofApplied Psychology, 82: 945-953. google scholar
  • Ragins, B. R., Cotton, J. L. ve Miller, J. S. (2000). Marginal mentoring: The effects of type of mentor, quality of relationship, and program design on work and career attitudes. Academy of management journal, 43(6), 1177-1194. google scholar
  • Salzer, M. S. ve Shear, S. L. (2002). Identifying consumer-provider benefits in evaluations of consumer-delivered services. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 25, 281-288. doi:10.1037/h0095014 google scholar
  • Salzer, M. S., Darr, N., Calhoun, G., Boyer, W., Loss, R. E., Goessel, J. ve Brusilovskiy, E. (2013). Benefits of working as a certified peer specialist: Results from a statewide survey. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 36, 219-221. doi:10.1037/prj0000016 google scholar
  • Scandura, T. A. (1992). Mentorship and Career Mobility An Empirical Investigation. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13, 169-174. google scholar
  • Scandura, T. A. ve Ragins, B. R. (1993). The effects of sex and gender role orientation on mentorship in male-dominated occupations. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 43: 251-265. google scholar
  • Scandura, T. A. ve Viator, R. (1994). Mentoring in public accounting firms: An analysis of mentor-protege relationships, mentorship functions, and protege turnover intentions. Accounting, Organizations & Society, 19: 717-734. google scholar
  • Small, N., Blickem, C., Blakeman, T., Panagioti, M., Chew-Graham, C. A. ve Bower, P. (2013). Telephone based self-management support by “lay health workers” and “peer support workers” to prevent and manage vascular diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Health Services Research, 13, Article 533. doi:10.1186/1472-6963-13-53 google scholar
  • Solomon, P. (2004). Peer support/peer provided services underlying processes, benefits, and critical ingredients. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 27, 392- 401. google scholar
  • Sosik, J. J. ve Godshalk, V. M. (2000). The role of gender in mentoring: Implications for diversified and homogenous mentoring relationships. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 57: 102-122. google scholar
  • Williams, J. (2000). Mentoring for law enforcement. FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, 69(3), 19-25. google scholar


SHARE




Istanbul University Press aims to contribute to the dissemination of ever growing scientific knowledge through publication of high quality scientific journals and books in accordance with the international publishing standards and ethics. Istanbul University Press follows an open access, non-commercial, scholarly publishing.