Making the Planet More Habitable: Business Perspectives for Social Economy

EnglishTürkçe

CHAPTER


DOI :10.26650/B/SS05.2023.003.04   IUP :10.26650/B/SS05.2023.003.04    Full Text (PDF)

Social Entrepreneurship

Merve Koçoğlu Sazkaya

Although the dilution of borders with globalization brings many conveniences for humanity, it also causes problems. Now the problem of one nation living in a different part of the world becomes the problem of all humanity. Some of these global problems are the rapid consumption of natural resources, global warming, hunger, lack of access to water, and war. Over time, the state has proven insufficient to solve these problems. For this reason, various non-governmental organizations have been established on the global and local scales. These organizations have started to struggle with the common problems of humanity as well as their own countries. Eventually, just like states, these organizations too remained inadequate. On the other hand, large corporations some with budgets bigger than that of many states have almost started to rule the world. These businesses initially focused only on generating commercial income. However, they have increasingly faced pressure from society to generate solutions to humanity’s increasing problems today. Therefore, they have started to produce solutions to social problems through commercial gain. In the literature, this situation is termed social entrepreneurship. Social entrepreneurship refers to the activities businesses carry out in order to use the factors of production to find solutions to social problems and provide social benefits. In this context, social entrepreneurship is seen as the building block of social development, and this concept is increasingly attracting the attention of both academics and the business world. Therefore, in this part of the book, the definition of social entrepreneurship and social entrepreneur concepts, the difference between social entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship, terms related to social entrepreneurship, and the importance of social entrepreneurship will be discussed, and examples of social entrepreneurship will be shared.


Keywords: Social Entrepreneurship, Social Entrepreneur, Entrepreneurship

References

  • Abu-Saifan, S. (2012). Social entrepreneurship: definition and boundaries. Technology Innovation Management Review, 2(2), 22-27. google scholar
  • Akar, H., & Üstüner, M. (2017). Mediation role of self-efficacy perceptions in the relationship between emotional intelligence levels and social entrepreneurship traits of pre-service teachers. Journal of Education and Future, (12), 95-115. google scholar
  • Akkan, E., & Süygün, M. S. (2016). Lisans Öğrencilerinin Özyeterlik Algıları ve Başarma Güdülerinin Sosyal Girişimcilik Eğilimlerine Etkilerinin İncelenmesi. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Iktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(2):35-63. google scholar
  • Alarifi, G., Robson, P., & Kromidha, E. (2019). The manifestation of entrepreneurial orientation in the social entrepreneurship context. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 10(3), 307-327. google scholar
  • Alvord, S. H., Brown, L. D., & Letts, C. W. (2004). Social entrepreneurship and societal transformation: An exploratory study. The journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 40(3), 260-282; google scholar
  • Arogyaswamy, B. (2017). Social entrepreneurship performance measurement: A time-based organizing framework. Business Horizons, 60(5), 603-611. google scholar
  • Ashoka, (2021, 21 February), Access address https://ashokaturkiye.org/ google scholar
  • Aslan, G., Araza, A., & Bulut, Ç. (2012). Sosyal girişimciliğin kavramsal çerçevesi. Girişimcilik ve Kalkınma Dergisi, 7(2), 69-88. google scholar
  • Austin, J., Stevenson, H., & Wei-Skillern, J. (2006). Social and commercial entrepreneurship: same, different, or both? Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 30(1), 370-384. google scholar
  • Baez, A. L. (2002). Sky walk-sky trek: a successful community project in the mountains of Monteverde, Costa Rica. Mountain Research and Development, 22(2), 128-131. google scholar
  • Bansal, S., Garg, I., & Sharma, G. D. (2019). Social entrepreneurship as a path for social change and driver of sustainable development: A systematic review and research agenda. Sustainability, 11(4), 1-28. google scholar
  • Belz, F. M., & Binder, J. K. (2017). Sustainable entrepreneurship: A convergent process model. Business Strategy and the Environment, 26(1), 1-17. google scholar
  • Bhatt, B., Qureshi, I., & Riaz, S. (2019). Social entrepreneurship in non-munificent institutional environments and implications for institutional work: Insights from China. Journal of Business Ethics, 154(3), 605-630. google scholar
  • Brock, D. D., & Steiner, S. (2009). Social entrepreneurship education: Is it achieving the desired aims?. Available at SSRN 1344419. Access address https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/ papers.cfm?Abs tract_id=1344419 google scholar
  • Bozhikin, I., Macke, J., & da Costa, L. F. (2019). The role of government and key non-state actors in social entrepreneurship: A systematic literature review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 226, 730-747. google scholar
  • Budak, G. (2015). Yoksulluğa inovatif bir çözüm; sosyal girişimcilik. Hak İş Uluslararası Emek ve Toplum Dergisi, 4(8), 21-36. google scholar
  • Burns, A. (2011). Freecycling İzmır: An ethical outlook for future fashion designers. Akdeniz Sanat, 4(8), 80-84. google scholar
  • Büyükaslan, H. D., & Kızıldağ, D. (2017). Dönüşüm ajanı olarak kadın sosyal girişimcilerin profilleri üzerine bir araştırma. Uşak Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(IASOS Özel Sayısı-), 47-64. google scholar
  • Certo, S. T., & Miller, T. (2008). Social entrepreneurship: Key issues and concepts. Business Horizons, 51(4), 267-271. google scholar
  • Coşkun, E., & Sarıkaya, M. (2016). Sosyal girişimcilik eğitiminde gönüllü kuruluşlar. Strategic Public Management Journal, 2(4), 72-82. google scholar
  • Çavdar, O., Cumhur, F., Koç, Y., & Doymuş, K. (2018). Öğretmen adaylarının sosyal girişimcilik özelliklerinin çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesi. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 6, (STEMES) 27-33 google scholar
  • Çöp(m)adam.(2021, February 14). Access address http://www.copmadam.com/tr/ google scholar
  • Del Giudice, M., Garcia-Perez, A., Scuotto, V., & Orlando, B. (2019). Are social enterprises technological innovative? A quantitative analysis on social entrepreneurs in emerging countries. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 148, 119704. google scholar
  • Dees, J. G. (1998). The meaning of social entrepreneurship, Society, 44(3), 25-31. google scholar
  • Defourny, J., & Nyssens, M. (2010). Conceptions of social enterprise and social entrepreneurship in Europe and the United States: Convergences and divergences. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 1(1), 32-53. google scholar
  • Demir, Ö. (2014). Sivil toplum kuruluşları, sosyal girişimcilik, kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk ve sosyal işletme. Akademik Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 2(6), 347-356. google scholar
  • Diez, M., Gauxachs, A. S. & Mico, J.L. (2020). Caring leadership: the alignment of organizational values and social media messaging. Journal of Media Ethics,35(4), 1-13. google scholar
  • Douglas, E., & Prentice, C. (2019). Innovation and profit motivations for social entrepreneurship: A fuzzy-set analysis. Journal of Business Research, 99, 69-79. google scholar
  • Durak, İ. (2016). Sosyal girişimcilik ve ahilik teşkilatı: teorık çerçeve. Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, (47),101-120. google scholar
  • Felicio, J. A., Gonçalves, H. M., & da Conceiçâo Gonçalves, V. (2013). Social value and organizational performance in non-profit social organizations: Social entrepreneurship, leadership, and socioeconomic context effects. Journal of Business Research, 66(10), 2139-2146. google scholar
  • Fowler, A. (2000). NGDOs as a moment in history: beyond aid to social entrepreneurship or civic innovation?. Third world quarterly, 21(4), 637-654. google scholar
  • Gill, D. W. (2005). The Price of A Dream: The Story of the Grameen Bank by David Bornstein. Oxford University Press. https://www.gordonconwell.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/ 19/2019/04/BornsteinD.PriceofADream. StoryofGrameenBank.pdf. (07.02.2021). google scholar
  • Gökbunar, R., Aktaş, H., & Kargın, M. (2018). Üniversitelerde sosyal girişimcilik: fırsatlar ve öneriler. Yönetim ve Ekonomi: Celal Bayar Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 25(1), 155-170. google scholar
  • Görün, M., & Kara, M. (2010). Kentsel dönüşüm ve sosyal girişimcilik bağlamında Türkiye’de kentsel yaşam kalitesinin artırılması. Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(2), 137-164. google scholar
  • Graci, S.R. (2012). Putting Community Based Tourism into Practice The Case of the Cree Village Ecolodge in Moose Factory, Ontario. TEOROS, Special Issue, 65-70. google scholar
  • Günlü, E. (2015). Sosyal girişimcilik olgusunun kavramsal analizi ve turizmde sosyal girişimcilik. Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University Journal of Social Sciences, 35, 23-42. google scholar
  • Haugh, H. (2005). A research agenda for social entrepreneurship. Social Enterprise Journal. 1(1),1-12. google scholar
  • Hota, P. K., Subramanian, B., & Narayanamurthy, G. (2019). Mapping the intellectual structure of social entrepreneurship research: A citation/co-citation analysis. Journal of Business Ethics, 1-26. google scholar
  • Hu, M., Liu, Y., & Wang, W. (2019). Socially beneficial rationality: The value of strategic farmers, social entrepreneurs, and for-profit firms in crop planting decisions. Management Science, 65(8), 3654-3672. google scholar
  • İrengün, O., & Arıkboğa, Ş. (2015). The effect of personality traits on social entrepreneurship intentions: A field research. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195, 1186-1195. google scholar
  • Kaya, Ç. (2019). Sosyal iş modelleri ve sosyal girişimcilik: boğaziçi üniversitesi tüketim kooperatifi örneği. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 11(3), 1433-1449. google scholar
  • Kayalar, M., & Arslan, E. T. (2009). Ashoka’ya üye sosyal girişimcilerin Türkiye ve dünyadaki faaliyet alanlarının karşılaştırılması. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Vizyoner Dergisi, 1(1), 56-76. google scholar
  • Koçak, O., & Kavi, E. (2014). Sosyal politika aktörü olarak sosyal girişimci belediyecilik. Hak İş Uluslararası Emek ve Toplum Dergisi, 3(6), 26-49. google scholar
  • Korosec, R. L., & Berman, E. M. (2006). Municipal support for social entrepreneurship. Public Administration Review, 66(3), 448-462. google scholar
  • Kury KW. 2012. Sustainability meets social entrepreneurship: a path to social change through institutional entrepreneurship. International Journal of Business Insights and Transformation 4 (3): 64-71. google scholar
  • Kümbül, G. B. (2011). Yoksullukla mücadelede sosyal girişimcilik: Ashoka üyelerinden sosyal yenilikçi örnek uygulamalar. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 13(3), 79-111. google scholar
  • Lamy, E. (2019). How to make social entrepreneurship sustainable? A diagnosis and a few elements of a response. Journal of Business Ethics, 155(3), 645-662. google scholar
  • Lee, B., & Kelly, L. (2019). Cultural leadership ideals and social entrepreneurship: an international study. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 10(1), 108-128. google scholar
  • Lemelin, R.H., Koster, R., Youroukos, N. (2015). Tangible and intangible indicators of successful aboriginal tourism initiatives: A case study of two successful aboriginal tourism lodges in Northern Canada. Tourism Management, 47, 318-328. google scholar
  • Light, P. C. (2006). Reshaping social entrepreneurship. Stanford Social Innovation Review, 4(3), 47-51. google scholar
  • Lückenbach, F., Baumgarth, C., Schmidt, H. J., & Henseler, J. (2019). To perform or not to perform? How strategic orientations influence the performance of social entrepreneurship organizations. Cogent Business & Management, 6(1), 1647820. google scholar
  • Mair, J., & Marti, I. (2006). Social entrepreneurship research: A source of explanation, prediction, and delight. Journal of World Business, 41(1), 36-44. google scholar
  • Martin, R. L., & Osberg, S. (2007). Social entrepreneurship: The case for definition. Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring, 30-39. google scholar
  • Martin, J. S., & Novicevic, M. (2010). Social entrepreneurship among Kenyan farmers: A case example of acculturation challenges and program successes. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 34(5), 482-492. google scholar
  • McMullen, J. S. (2011). Delineating the domain of development entrepreneurship: A market-based approach to facilitating inclusive economic growth. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 35(1), 185-215. google scholar
  • Meyskens, M., Robb-Post, C., Stamp, J. A., Carsrud, A. L., & Reynolds, P. D. (2010). Social ventures from a resource-based perspective: An exploratory study assessing global Ashoka fellows. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 34(4), 661-680. google scholar
  • Mitzinneck, B. C., & Besharov, M. L. (2019). Managing value tensions in collective social entrepreneurship: The role of temporal, structural, and collaborative compromise. Journal of Business Ethics, 159(2), 381-400. google scholar
  • Muñoz, P., & Kimmitt, J. (2019). Social mission as competitive advantage: A configurational analysis of the strategic conditions of social entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Research, 101, 854-861; google scholar
  • Mollaoğulları, B. F., & Temel, R. (2017). SOCIAL entrepreneurshıp in Turkey: Socıal solutıon for refugee problem. International Journal of Contemporary Economics & Administrative Sciences, 7(3-4), 139-157. google scholar
  • Nicolopoulou, K. (2014). Social entrepreneurship between cross-currents: toward a framework for theoretical restructuring of the field. Journal of Small Business Management, 52(4), 678-702. google scholar
  • Özdevecioğlu, M., & Cingöz, A. (2009). Sosyal girişimcilik ve sosyal girişimciler: Teorik çerçeve. Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, (32), 81-95. google scholar
  • Özeren, E., Saatçioğlu, Ö. Y., & Aydin, E. (2018). Creating social value through orchestration processes in innovation networks. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 31(5), 1206-1224. google scholar
  • Rawhouser, H., Cummings, M., & Newbert, S. L. (2019). Social impact measurement: Current approaches and future directions for social entrepreneurship research. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 43(1), 82-115. google scholar
  • Rey-Marti, A., Ribeiro-Soriano, D., & Sánchez-García, J. L. (2016). Giving back to society: Job creation through social entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Research, 69(6), 2067-2072. google scholar
  • Palacios-Marqués, D., García, M. G., Sánchez, M. M., & Mari, M. P. A. (2019). Social entrepreneurship and organizational performance: A study of the mediating role of distinctive competencies in marketing. Journal of Business Research, 101, 426-432. google scholar
  • Pioneer of “Youth Tourism” since 1979. (2021, February 8). Access address https://genctur.com.tr/hakkimizda/ google scholar
  • Poliandri, S. (2016). Native American nationalism and nation re-building: past and present cases. State University of New York Press, USA. google scholar
  • Saebi, T., Foss, N. J., & Linder, S. (2019). Social entrepreneurship research: Past achievements and future promises. Journal of Management, 45(1), 70-95. google scholar
  • Sahasranamam, S., & Nandakumar, M. K. (2020). Individual capital and social entrepreneurship: Role of formal institutions. Journal of Business Research, 107, 104-117. google scholar
  • Sen, P. (2007). Ashoka’s big idea: Transforming the world through social entrepreneurship. Futures, 39(5), 534553. google scholar
  • Shaw, E., & Carter, S. (2007). Social entrepreneurship: Theoretical antecedents and empirical analysis of entrepreneurial processes and outcomes. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development,14(3), 418-434. google scholar
  • Short, J. C., Moss, T. W., & Lumpkin, G. T. (2009). Research in social entrepreneurship: Past contributions and future opportunities. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 3(2), 161-194. google scholar
  • Sullivan Mort, G., Weerawardena, J., & Carnegie, K. (2003). Social entrepreneurship: Towards conceptualisation. International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing, 8(1), 76-88. google scholar
  • Social Venture in Turkey. (2021, February 7). Access address http://www.sosyalgirisim.org// content/detail. aspx?cid=14 google scholar
  • Sönmez, A., Arıker, Ç., & Toksoy, A. (2016). Dünya’da ve Türkiye’de sosyal girişimciliğin gelişimi. Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi, 17(37), 102-121. google scholar
  • Tan, W. L., Williams, J., & Tan, T. M. (2005). Defining the ‘social’in ‘social entrepreneurship’: Altruism and entrepreneurship. The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 1(3), 353-365. google scholar
  • Taş, H. Y., & Şemşek, İ. (2017). Türkiye ve Dünya’dan sosyal girişimcilik örnekleri ve istihdama katkıları. Hak İş Uluslararası Emek ve Toplum Dergisi, 6(16), 480-497. google scholar
  • Teegen, H., Doh, J. P., & Vachani, S. (2004). The importance of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in global governance and value creation: An international business research agenda. Journal of international business studies, 35(6), 463-483. google scholar
  • The State of Social Entrepreneurship in Spain: Seforis Country Report, (2014). https://i-propeller.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/ipropeller-Country_report_Spain.pdf (07.02.2021). google scholar
  • Thompson, N., Kiefer, K., & York, J. G. (2011). Distinctions not dichotomies: Exploring social, sustainable, and environmental entrepreneurship. In Social and sustainable entrepreneurship. Emerald Group Publishing Limited. google scholar
  • Toker, K. (2021). From social sustainability to social entrepreneurship: A path for social value creation. In: Ed. Mine Afacan Fındıklı & Duygu Acar Erdur, Creating social value through social entrepreneurship, IGI Global,United States of America. google scholar
  • Uyanık, Ö. (2020). Türkiye’de kadın girişimciliğin sosyal hizmet bağlamında incelenmesi. Toplumsal Politika Dergisi, 1(2), 134-155. google scholar
  • Volynets, I. (2015). Social innovation and aboriginal communities. Prepared for urban aboriginal knowledge network, national secretariat. https://www.mcgill.ca/isid/ files/isid/uakn-paper-social-innovation-and-aboriginal-communities-march-2015.pdf. (07.02.2021). google scholar
  • Weerawardena, J., & Mort, G. S. (2006). Investigating social entrepreneurship: A multidimensional model. Journal of World Business, 41(1), 21-35. google scholar
  • Xu, H. U. A., & Morgan, K. (2012). Public-private partnerships for social and human services: A case study of nonprofit organizations in Alabama. Public Administration Quarterly, 36(3), 277-310. google scholar
  • Yaşlıoğlu, M., (2017), Sürdürülebilirliğe girişimcilik bakış açısı ile yaklaşım: Sürdürülebilirlik Girişimciliği, In: Ed. Işıl Mendeş Pekdemir, İşletmelerde sürdürülebilirlik dinamikleri, Beta Yayıncılık, İstanbul. google scholar
  • Yaşlıoğlu, M. M., & Yaşlıoğlu, D. T. (2020). Entrepreneurship for the Future: A Conceptual Look Toward Sustainability Entrepreneurship. In Eurasian Business Perspectives. Springer, Cham, 277-290. google scholar
  • Yılmaz, A. S. (2014). Bir sosyal değişim ajanı olarak girişimcilik eğitimi. Journal of World of Turks, 6(1), 297-310. google scholar
  • Yunus, M. (1999). The Grameen Bank. Scientific American, 281(5), 114-119. google scholar
  • Yunus, M. (2006, March). Social business entrepreneurs are the solution. In Skoll World Forum on Social Entrepreneurs. Said School of Business, University of Oxford, UK. google scholar
  • Yunus, M., Moingeon, B., & Lehmann-Ortega, L. (2010). Building social business models: Lessons from the Grameen experience. Long range planning, 43, 308-325. google scholar


SHARE




Istanbul University Press aims to contribute to the dissemination of ever growing scientific knowledge through publication of high quality scientific journals and books in accordance with the international publishing standards and ethics. Istanbul University Press follows an open access, non-commercial, scholarly publishing.