CHAPTER


DOI :10.26650/B/SS30AA25.2024.003.005   IUP :10.26650/B/SS30AA25.2024.003.005    Full Text (PDF)

Digital Ummah and Novel Ways of Belonging: The Case of the Paki̇stani̇ Diaspora Community in Athens, Greece

Inam Ullah Leghari

This article deals with Pakistani migrants in Greece. The Pakistani diaspora is one of the largest South Asian Muslim immigrant groups (excluding Albanians) to have settled recently in Greece. Drawing upon ethnographic field work in Athens, Greece and using qualitative research methods, this text tempts to explain the challenges faced by the Pakistani diaspora there. It also demonstrates the Pakistani migrants’ use of information and communication technologies ICTs) to theorize how mediascapes are linked to novel forms of community and ummah, cultural reproduction, religious identity, and transnationalism among the Punjabi Barelvi Sufis who’ve settled in Athens. More specifically this research paper shows how followers of the transnational Sufi Barelvi missionary movement known as Dawat-e-Islami [Invitation to Islam] use ICTs to construct a community and transnational ummah as an expression of transnational Sufism among the Pakistani diaspora in Athens.



References

  • Alexandris, A 1988. To mionotiko zitima 1954-1987, OiEllinotourkikes Scheseis 1923-1987. Athens: Gnosi & ELIAMEP. google scholar
  • Bauman, Z. (2000). Liquid Modernity. Cambridge, Polity Press. google scholar
  • Berns McGowan, R. (1999). Muslims in the Diaspora. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. google scholar
  • Bolognani, M. (2007) ‘The myth of return: dismissal, survival or revival? A Bradford example of transnationa-lism as a political instrument’, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 33(7): 59_76. google scholar
  • Broersma, F. and Lazarescu, D. (2009) Pakistani and Bangladeshi Migration to Greece: ‘Chasing the Dream’, http://www.eliamep.gr/wp-content/uploads/2009/06/policy_brief_pakistani_ bangladeshi.pdf (Ac-cessed 4June, 2019). google scholar
  • Cavounidis, J. (2018). The migration experience of Greece and the impact of the economic crisis on its migrant and native populations. European journal of public health, 28(suppl_5), 20-23. google scholar
  • Charsley, K. (2007) ‘Risk, trust, gender and transnational cousin marriage among British Pakistanis’, Ethnic and Racial Studies, 30(6): 1117_31. google scholar
  • Castle, S. and Miller, S. M. (1993). The age of migration: International population movements in the modern world. Macmillan, London. google scholar
  • Cohen, R. (1997). Global Diasporas: An Introduction. Seattle: University of Washington Press. google scholar
  • Cesari, J. (2005) Mosque conflicts in European cities: introduction, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 31(6): 1015-1024. google scholar
  • Dasetto, F. (2004). Muslims in Western Europe: Sociohistorical developments and trends. In Sato Tsugitaka (ED.), Muslim societies: Historical and comparative aspects (pp. 137-155). London: RoutledgeCurzon. google scholar
  • Dokos,J.L. and Antoniou,D. (2002) ‘Islam in Greece’, in S.T. Hunter (ed.), Islam, Europe’s Second Religion: the new social, Cultural, and Political Landscape (New York, Praeger). google scholar
  • Eickelman, D. F., & Anderson, J. W. (2003). New media in the Muslim world: The emerging public sphere. Indiana University Press. google scholar
  • Esposito,J. L. (2002). The muslim diaspora and the Islamic world. In Shireen T. Hunter (Ed.), Islam Europe’s second religion: The new social,cultural and political landscape. London: praeger. google scholar
  • Evergeti, V. (2006) Boundary formations and identity expressions in everyday interactions: Muslim minorities in Greece, in Stacul, J., Moutsou, C. and Kopnina, H. (eds) Crossing European Boundaries. Berghahn:Oxford, pp. 176-196. google scholar
  • Evergeti, V. (2011) Discrimination and reaction: the practical constitution of social exclusion, Symbolic Inte-raction 34(3): 377-397. google scholar
  • Gugler, T.K. (2011), Making Muslims Fit for Faiz (God’s Grace): Spiritual and Not-so-spiritual Transacti-ons inside the Islamic Missionary Movement Dawat-e Islami. Social Campus, 58(3), 339-345. DOI: 10.1177/0037768611412139 google scholar
  • Gugler, K. T. (n.d.) Jihad, Da’wa, and Hijra: Islamic Missionary Movements in Europe, http:// www.zmo.de/ mitarbeiter/gugler/jihad,%20dawa%20and%20hijra.pdf(Acessed on Accessed 4 July, 2019). google scholar
  • Hellenic Statistical Authority. (2013). Announcement of the demographic and social characteristics of the Re-sident Population of Greece according to the 2011 Population - Housing Census. Retrieved from https:// web.archive.org/web/20131225192921/http://www.statistics.gr/portal/page/portal/ESYE/BUCKET/General/ nws_SAM01_EN.PDF google scholar
  • Ignacio, E. (2005). Building Diaspora: Filipino Community Formation on the Internet. google scholar
  • Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press. google scholar
  • Inda, J. X., & Rosaldo, R. (2008). The anthropology of globalization: A reader. Wiley-Blackwell. google scholar
  • King, R. (ed.) (2001) The Mediterranean Passage: Migration and New Cultural Encounters in Southern Europe, Liverpool: Liverpool University Press. google scholar
  • Leghari, I. U. (2009). Pakistani immigrants in Greece: from changing pattern of migration to Diaspora politics and transnationalism. 4th LSE PhD Symposium on Contemporary Greece. London School of Economics. See at: http://www2.lse.ac.uk/europeanInstitute/research/hellenicObservatory/pdf/4th_%20Symposium/ PAPERS_PPS/ETHNICITY_IMMIGRATION/LEGHARI.pdf google scholar
  • Lewellen, T. C. (2002). The Anthropology of Globalization: Cultural Anthropology Enters the 21st Century. ABC-CLIO google scholar
  • Mallapragada, M. (2006). Home, homeland, homepage: Belonging and the Indian American web. New Media and Society, 8(2), 207-227. google scholar
  • Metcalf,B.D.(2005) Islamic Revival in British India. Deoband, 1860-1900. New Delhi: Oxford University Press. google scholar
  • Ahmad, A. N. (2009) ‘The myth of arrival: Pakistanis in Italy’, in Kalra, V.S. (ed.) Pakistani Diasporas: Culture, Conflict and Change. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 63_82. google scholar
  • Papastergiadis, N. (2000). The Turbulence of Migration. Globalization, Deterritori alization, and Hybridity. Cambridge: Polity Press. google scholar
  • Sanyal, U.(1996) Devotional Islam and Politics in British India. Ahmad Riza Khan Barelwi and His Movement, 1870-1920. Delhi: Oxford University Press. google scholar
  • Sanyal, U. (2005) Ahmad Riza Khan Barelwi. In the Path of the Prophet. Oxford: One world. google scholar
  • Speed, M. (2019 Feb 1). The battle to build a mosque in Athens [Weblog post]. Retrieved from https://www. ft.com/content/ae4fa654-2416-11e9-8ce6-5db4543da632 google scholar
  • Turner, Bryan S. (2010). Islam, diaspora and multiculturalism. In Akbar S Ahmed & Tamarra Sonn (EDs.), The sage handbook of Islamic studies (pp. 17-33). London: Sage. google scholar
  • Tsitselikis K,2004. “The Religion of Immigrants: The case of Muslims’, in Paul, M. and D. Christopoulos (eds), The Greece of Immigration. Athens, Review-KEMO, 267-302. google scholar
  • Tonchev, P. (2007). Asian Migrants in Greece: Origins, Status and Prospects. Institute of International Economic Relations., Department of Asian Studies. See at: http://www.idec.gr/iier/new/asian_migrants_en.pdf google scholar
  • Triandafyllidou, A. (2010). Irregular Migration in 21st Century Europe in A. Triandafyllidou (ed) Irregular Migration in Europe: Myths and Realities, Aldershot: Ashgate, pp. 1-22 google scholar
  • Vertovec, S. (2000). , Religion and Diaspora. Isntitute of Social and Cultural Anthropology. University of Oxford WPTC-01-01. google scholar
  • Vertovec, S. (2003). Migrant transnationalism and modes of transformation. Paper presented at the International Migration Review conference on ‘‘Conceptual and Methodological Developments in the Study of International Migration, ’’ Princeton University, Princeton, NJ. google scholar
  • Wilbur, S. (1997). An archaeology of cyberspaces: Virtuality, community, identity. In D. Porter (Ed.), Internet Culture (pp. 5-22). New York: Routledge. google scholar
  • Werbner, P. (2004) ‘Theorising complex diasporas: purity and hybridity in the South Asian public sphere in Britain’, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 30(5): 895_911. google scholar
  • Webograhy google scholar
  • Alahazrat. (n.d.). Alahazrat.net. Retrieved October 24, 2023, from http://www.alahazrat.net google scholar
  • Dawat e Islami. (n.d.). Dawateislami.co.uk. Retrieved June 24, 2019, from https://dawateislami.co.uk google scholar
  • Dawateislami. (n.d.). Dawateislami.net. Retrieved June 19, 2019, from https://www.dawateislami.net/ google scholar
  • Ilyas Qadri. (n.d.). Www.Ilyasqadri.com. Retrieved August 7, 2019, from https://www.ilyasqadri.com/ google scholar
  • Madani Channel. (n.d.). Madanichannel.com. Retrieved June, 2019, from http://www.madanichannel.com google scholar


SHARE




Istanbul University Press aims to contribute to the dissemination of ever growing scientific knowledge through publication of high quality scientific journals and books in accordance with the international publishing standards and ethics. Istanbul University Press follows an open access, non-commercial, scholarly publishing.