Acta Infologica

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Research Article


DOI :10.26650/acin.1447456   IUP :10.26650/acin.1447456    Full Text (PDF)

Turkish Lira Banknote Classification using Transfer Learning and Deep Learning

Mirsat Yeşiltepe, Harun Elkıran, Jawad Rasheed

With the increasing exchange of foreign currencies due to globalization, there is a need for systems that can recognize and validate multiple currencies in real time. Such systems facilitate smooth international transactions and support the finance sector in dealing with diverse currencies. This study focuses on classifying Turkish banknotes using deep learning models. The dataset comprises 6901 images of six different denominations (5 TL, 10 TL, 20 TL, 50 TL, 100 TL, and 200 TL) under various conditions, such as flat, angled, curved, and bent. The proposed model imple ments pre-trained models, including VGG16, VGG19, DenseNet121, DenseNet169, DenseNet201, MobileNet, and MobileNetV2, to classify the images. Different image sizes (50x50, 100x100, 150x150, and 200x200) and optimizers (SGD, RMSprop, Adam, Adamax, etc.) were tested to determine the most effective combinations. The best result was achieved with DenseNet201 with an image size of 200 and the SGDoptimizer, achieving an accuracy of 98.84% in 12 epochs. Smaller image sizes (50x50) resulted in reduced performance for all models. In addition, models such as DenseNet169 and DenseNet121 also demonstrated high performance; however, MobileNetV2 struggled with smaller images.

Keywords: DenseNet201, Optimizer, Banknote, Convolution, Accuracy

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References

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APA

Yeşiltepe, M., Elkıran, H., & Rasheed, J. (2024). Turkish Lira Banknote Classification using Transfer Learning and Deep Learning. Acta Infologica, 8(2), 133-156. https://doi.org/10.26650/acin.1447456


AMA

Yeşiltepe M, Elkıran H, Rasheed J. Turkish Lira Banknote Classification using Transfer Learning and Deep Learning. Acta Infologica. 2024;8(2):133-156. https://doi.org/10.26650/acin.1447456


ABNT

Yeşiltepe, M.; Elkıran, H.; Rasheed, J. Turkish Lira Banknote Classification using Transfer Learning and Deep Learning. Acta Infologica, [Publisher Location], v. 8, n. 2, p. 133-156, 2024.


Chicago: Author-Date Style

Yeşiltepe, Mirsat, and Harun Elkıran and Jawad Rasheed. 2024. “Turkish Lira Banknote Classification using Transfer Learning and Deep Learning.” Acta Infologica 8, no. 2: 133-156. https://doi.org/10.26650/acin.1447456


Chicago: Humanities Style

Yeşiltepe, Mirsat, and Harun Elkıran and Jawad Rasheed. “Turkish Lira Banknote Classification using Transfer Learning and Deep Learning.” Acta Infologica 8, no. 2 (Mar. 2025): 133-156. https://doi.org/10.26650/acin.1447456


Harvard: Australian Style

Yeşiltepe, M & Elkıran, H & Rasheed, J 2024, 'Turkish Lira Banknote Classification using Transfer Learning and Deep Learning', Acta Infologica, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 133-156, viewed 10 Mar. 2025, https://doi.org/10.26650/acin.1447456


Harvard: Author-Date Style

Yeşiltepe, M. and Elkıran, H. and Rasheed, J. (2024) ‘Turkish Lira Banknote Classification using Transfer Learning and Deep Learning’, Acta Infologica, 8(2), pp. 133-156. https://doi.org/10.26650/acin.1447456 (10 Mar. 2025).


MLA

Yeşiltepe, Mirsat, and Harun Elkıran and Jawad Rasheed. “Turkish Lira Banknote Classification using Transfer Learning and Deep Learning.” Acta Infologica, vol. 8, no. 2, 2024, pp. 133-156. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.26650/acin.1447456


Vancouver

Yeşiltepe M, Elkıran H, Rasheed J. Turkish Lira Banknote Classification using Transfer Learning and Deep Learning. Acta Infologica [Internet]. 10 Mar. 2025 [cited 10 Mar. 2025];8(2):133-156. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26650/acin.1447456 doi: 10.26650/acin.1447456


ISNAD

Yeşiltepe, Mirsat - Elkıran, Harun - Rasheed, Jawad. “Turkish Lira Banknote Classification using Transfer Learning and Deep Learning”. Acta Infologica 8/2 (Mar. 2025): 133-156. https://doi.org/10.26650/acin.1447456



TIMELINE


Submitted06.03.2024
Accepted18.10.2024
Published Online03.12.2024

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