Research Article


DOI :10.26650/ASE2020646725   IUP :10.26650/ASE2020646725    Full Text (PDF)

Water Quality Assessment by Means of Bio-Indication: A Case Study of Ergene River Using Biological Diatom Index

Cem TokatlıCüneyt Nadir SolakElif Yılmaz

The Ergene River is the most significant fluvial ecosystem located in the Thrace Region of Turkey. But it is being exposed to an intensive organic – inorganic pollution by means of agricultural – industrial applications conducted around its basin. In this research, the epipelic (EPP) diatoms of the Ergene River were investigated and the water quality was evaluated using the determined physical, chemical and biological data. EPP diatom samples were collected from upstream, middlestream and downstream of the Ergene River and certain physicochemical parameters (dissolved oxygen, oxygen saturation, pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, salinity, turbidity, nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, phosphate, sulphate, fluoride, chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand and oxidation-reduction potential) were measured during the field – laboratory studies. Also, the Biological Diatom Index (BDI) was used to determine the trophic status of the Ergene River in terms of EPP diatoms. According to the results of the physicochemical analysis, upstream of the Ergene River has Class I – II water quality and middle – downstream of the Ergene River have Class III – IV water quality in general. According to the results of the biological analysis, 24 diatom species were recorded in the upstream samples, 4 diatom species were recorded in the middlestream samples. and 7 diatom species were recorded in the downstream samples. Cymbopleura amphicephala (Nägeli) Krammer, Nitzschia umbonata (Ehrenberg) Lange-Bertalot and Nitzschia capitellata Hustedt were determined as the most dominant species in the up – middle – downstream of Ergene River respectively. According to the result of the BDI, the upstream of Ergene River was found to be in an oligotrophic state – has high water quality and the middle – downstream of Ergene River were found to be in a eutrophic state – have poor water quality. 


PDF View

References

  • Ács, É., Szabó, K., Tóth, B. & Kiss, K. T. (2004). Investıgatıon of benthıc algal communıtıes, especıally dıatoms of some Hungarian streams ın connectıon wıth reference conditions of the water framework dırectıves. Acta Botanica Hungarica, 46(3-4), 255–277. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • Atici, T. & Obali, O. (2006). Seasonal Variation of Phytoplankton and Value of Chlorophyll a in the Sarıyar Dam Reservoir (Ankara, Turkey). Turkish Journal of Botany, 30, 349–357. google scholar
  • Atici, T. & Obali, O. (2010). The diatoms of Asartepe Dam Lake (Ankara), with environmental and some physicochemical properties. Turkish Journal of Botany, 34, 541–548. google scholar
  • Atıcı, T., Tokatlı, C. & Çiçek, A. (2018). Diatoms of Seydisuyu Stream Basin (Turkey) and Assessment of Water Quality by Statistical and Biological Approaches. Sigma Journal of Engineering and Natural Sciences, 36(1), 271-288. google scholar
  • Atici, T. & Udoh, A. (2016). Indicator Algae of Adrasan Stream (Antalya) Turkey. Sinop Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 1, 140–154. google scholar
  • Aydın, G. Ş. & Büyükışık, B. (2014). Effects on The Species Specific Variables Nutrient Pulses: Thalassiosira allenii (Takano). Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 11(3), 82–90. google scholar
  • Compton, J. C. (2011). Diatoms: Ecology & Life Cycle. Nova Science Publishers, 329 pp. google scholar
  • Coste, M., Boutry, S., Tison-Rosebery, J. & Delmas, F. (2009). Improvements of the Biological Diatom Index (BDI): Description and efficiency of the new version (BDI-2006). Ecological Indicators, 9, 621–650. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • Cox, E. J. (1996). Identification of Freswater Diatoms from Live Material. Chapman & Hall, First Edition, 158 pp. google scholar
  • Delgado, C., Pardo, I. & García, L. (2012). Diatom communities as indicators of ecological status in Mediterranean temporary streams (Balearic Islands, Spain). Ecological Indicators, 15, 131–139. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • EC (European Communities) (2006). EC of the European Parliament and of the council of 6 September 2006 on the quality of fresh waters needing protection or improvement in order to support fish life. Directive 2006/44. google scholar
  • EC (European Communities) (2007). European Communities (drinking water) (no. 2), Regulatıons 2007, S.I. No. 278 of 2007. google scholar
  • Erkmen, B. & Kolankaya, D. (2006). Determination of organochlorine pesticide residues in water, sediment, and fish samples from the Meriç Delta, Turkey. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 86(1-2), 161–169. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • Gomà, J., Ortiz, R., Cambra, J. & Ector, L. (2004). Water quality evaluation in Catalonian Mediterranean Rivers using epilithic diatoms as bioindicators. Vie Milieu, 54, 81-90. google scholar
  • Gürbüz, H., Kivrak, E. (2002). Use of epilithic diatoms to evaluate water quality in the Karasu River of Turkey. Journal of Environmental Biology, 23(3), 239–246. google scholar
  • Kalyoncu, H., Çiçek, N. L., Akköz, C. & Yorulmaz, B. (2009). Comparative performance of diatom indices in aquatic pollution assessment. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 4(10), 1032–1040. google scholar
  • Kendirli, B., Çakmak, B. & Gökalp, Z. (2005). Assessment of Water Quality Management in Turkey. Water International, 30(4), 446–455. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • Krammer, K. & Lange-Bertalot, H. (1986). Bacillariophyceae. 1. Teil: Naviculaceae. Süßwasser von mitteleuropa, Gustav Fischer Verlag, Band 2-1, Stuttgart. google scholar
  • Krammer, K. & Lange-Bertalot, H. (1988). Bacillariophyceae. 2. Teil: Bacillariophyceae, Epithemiaceae, Surirellaceae. Süßwasser von mitteleuropa, Gustav Fischer Verlag, Band 2-2, Stuttgart. google scholar
  • Krammer, K. & Lange-Bertalot, H. (1991a). Bacillariophyceae. 3. Teil: Centrales, Fragilariaceae, Eunotiaceae. Süßwasser von mitteleuropa, Gustav Fischer Verlag, Band 2-3, Stuttgart. Krammer, K. & Lange-Bertalot, H. (1991b). Bacillariophyceae. 4. Teil: Achnantheceae, Kritische Ergänzungen zu Navicula (Lincolatae) und Gomphonema, Cesamptliteraturverzeichnis. Süßwasser von mitteleuropa. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Band 2-4, Stuttgart. google scholar
  • Lenoir, A. & Coste, M. (1996). Development of a practical diatom index of overall water quality applicable to the French national water board network. In: B. A. Whitton and E. Rott (Eds.), Use of Algae for Monitoring Rivers, II. Institut fur Botanik. Univ. Innsbruck 29–43. google scholar
  • Manahan, S. E. (2011). Water Chemistry: Green Science and Technology of Nature’s Most Renewable Resource. Taylor & Francis Group, CRC Press, 398 pages. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • Martín, G., Toja, J., Sala, S. E., Fernández, M. R., Reyes, I. & Casco, M. A. (2010). Application of diatom biotic indices in the Guadalquivir River Basin, a Mediterranean basin. Which one is the most appropriated? Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 170, 519–534. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • Pham, T.L. (2017). Comparison between Water Quality Index (WQI) and biological indices, based on planktonic diatom for water quality assessment in the Dong Nai River, Vietnam. Pollution, 3(2), 311–323. google scholar
  • Round, F. E. (1993). A Reviev and Methods for The Use of Epilithic Diatoms for Detecting and Monitorin Changes in River Water Quality. HMSO, London. google scholar
  • Round, F. E., Crawford, R. M., Mann, D. G. (1990). The Diatoms: Biology and Morphology of the Genera. Cambridge University Press, 751 pp. Sladeckova, A. (1962). Limnological investigation methods for periphyton (Aufwusch) community. Botanical Review, 28, 286–350. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • Solak, C. N. (2011). The application of diatom indices in the Upper Porsuk River, Kütahya – Turkey. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 11(1), 31–36. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • Solak, C. N., Fehér, G., Barlas, M. & Pabuçcu, K. (2007). Use of epilithic diatoms to evaluate water quality of Akçay Stream (Büyük Menderes River) in Mugla/Turkey. Large Rivers, 17, 327–338. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • Solak, C. N. & Acs, E. (2011). Water Quality Monitoring in European and Turkish Rivers Using Diatoms. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 11, 329–337. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • Szulc, B. & Szulc, K. (2013). The use of the Biological Diatom Index (BDI) for the assessment of water quality in the Pilica River, Poland. Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies, 42(2), 188–194. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • Tan, X., Zhang, Q., Burford, M. A., Sheldon, F. & Bunn, S. E. (2017). Benthic Diatom Based Indices for Water Quality Assessment in Two Subtropical Streams. Frontiers in Microbiology, 8, 601. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • Taylor, J. C., Harding, W. R. & Archibald, C. G. M. (2007). An illustrated guide to some common diatom species from South Africa. Report to the water research commission. Tokatlı, C. (2012). Sucul Sistemlerin İzlenmesinde Bazı Diyatome İndekslerinin Kullanılması: Gürleyik Çayı Örneği (Eskişehir). Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 29, 19–26. google scholar
  • Tokatlı, C. (2013). Evaluation of Water Quality by Using Trophic Diatom Index: Example of Porsuk Dam Lake. Journal of Applied Biological Sciences, 7, 1–4. google scholar
  • Tokatlı, C. (2015). Assessment of the Water Quality in the Meriç River: As an Element of the Ecosystem in the Thrace Region of Turkey. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 24(5), 2205–2211. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • Tokatlı, C. (2017). Bio – Ecological and Statistical Risk Assessment of Toxic Metals in Sediments of a Worldwide Important Wetland: Gala Lake National Park (Turkey). Archives of Environmental Protection, 43(1), 34–47. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • Tokatlı, C. (2019). Water and Sediment Quality Assessment of the Lifeblood of Thrace Region (Turkey): Meriç River Basin. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 28(5), 4131–4140. google scholar
  • Tokatlı, C. & Baştatlı, Y. (2016). Trace and Toxic Element Levels in River Sediments. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 25(4), 1715–1720. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • Tokatlı, C. & Dayıoğlu, H. (2011). Use of Epilithic Diatoms to Evaluate Water Quality of Murat Stream (Sakarya River Basin, Kütahya): Different Saprobity Levels and pH Status. Journal of Applied Biological Sciences, 5(2), 55–60. google scholar
  • Tokatlı, C., Köse, E. & Çiçek, A. (2014). Assessment of the Effects of Large Borate Deposits on Surface Water Quality by Multi Statistical Approaches: A Case Study of the Seydisuyu Stream (Turkey). Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 23(5), 1741–1751. google scholar
  • Tokatlı, C., Solak, C. N., Yılmaz, E., Atıcı, T., Dayıoğlu, H. (2020). A Research on Epipelic Diatoms of Meriç and Tunca Rivers and Application of Biological Diatom Index for Water Quality Assessment. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, 35(1), 19–26. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • Torrisi, M. & Dell’uomo, A. (2006). Biological monitoring of some Apennine rivers (Central Italy) using the diatom-based Eutrophication/ Pollution Index (EPI-D) compared to other European diatom indices. Diatom Research, 21, 159–174. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • TS 266 (2005). Sular-İnsani tüketim amaçlı sular. Türk Standartları Enstitüsü, ICS 13.060.20. google scholar
  • Turkish Regulations, 2015. Yüzeysel Su Kalitesi Yönetimi Yönetmeliği, 15 Nisan 2015 tarihli Resmi Gazete, Sayı: 29327. Uslu, O. & Türkman, A. (1987). Su Kirliliği ve Kontrolü. T.C. Başbakanlık Çevre Genel Müdürlüğü Yayınları, Eğitim Dizisi I, Ankara. google scholar
  • Wetzel, R. G. (2001). Limnology: Lake and River Ecosystems. Elsevier Academic Press, 1006 pages. google scholar
  • WHO (World Health Organization) (2011). Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality. World Health Organization Library Cataloguing-inPublication Data, NLM classification: WA 675. google scholar
  • Zelinka, M. & Marvan, P. (1961). Zur Präzisierung der biologischen klassifikation der Reinheit flieβender Gewässer. Archiv fuβr Hydrobiologie, 57, 389–407. google scholar

Citations

Copy and paste a formatted citation or use one of the options to export in your chosen format


EXPORT



APA

Tokatlı, C., Solak, C.N., & Yılmaz, E. (2020). Water Quality Assessment by Means of Bio-Indication: A Case Study of Ergene River Using Biological Diatom Index. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, 35(2), 43-51. https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE2020646725


AMA

Tokatlı C, Solak C N, Yılmaz E. Water Quality Assessment by Means of Bio-Indication: A Case Study of Ergene River Using Biological Diatom Index. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering. 2020;35(2):43-51. https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE2020646725


ABNT

Tokatlı, C.; Solak, C.N.; Yılmaz, E. Water Quality Assessment by Means of Bio-Indication: A Case Study of Ergene River Using Biological Diatom Index. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, [Publisher Location], v. 35, n. 2, p. 43-51, 2020.


Chicago: Author-Date Style

Tokatlı, Cem, and Cüneyt Nadir Solak and Elif Yılmaz. 2020. “Water Quality Assessment by Means of Bio-Indication: A Case Study of Ergene River Using Biological Diatom Index.” Aquatic Sciences and Engineering 35, no. 2: 43-51. https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE2020646725


Chicago: Humanities Style

Tokatlı, Cem, and Cüneyt Nadir Solak and Elif Yılmaz. Water Quality Assessment by Means of Bio-Indication: A Case Study of Ergene River Using Biological Diatom Index.” Aquatic Sciences and Engineering 35, no. 2 (Mar. 2024): 43-51. https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE2020646725


Harvard: Australian Style

Tokatlı, C & Solak, CN & Yılmaz, E 2020, 'Water Quality Assessment by Means of Bio-Indication: A Case Study of Ergene River Using Biological Diatom Index', Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 43-51, viewed 29 Mar. 2024, https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE2020646725


Harvard: Author-Date Style

Tokatlı, C. and Solak, C.N. and Yılmaz, E. (2020) ‘Water Quality Assessment by Means of Bio-Indication: A Case Study of Ergene River Using Biological Diatom Index’, Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, 35(2), pp. 43-51. https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE2020646725 (29 Mar. 2024).


MLA

Tokatlı, Cem, and Cüneyt Nadir Solak and Elif Yılmaz. Water Quality Assessment by Means of Bio-Indication: A Case Study of Ergene River Using Biological Diatom Index.” Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, vol. 35, no. 2, 2020, pp. 43-51. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE2020646725


Vancouver

Tokatlı C, Solak CN, Yılmaz E. Water Quality Assessment by Means of Bio-Indication: A Case Study of Ergene River Using Biological Diatom Index. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering [Internet]. 29 Mar. 2024 [cited 29 Mar. 2024];35(2):43-51. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE2020646725 doi: 10.26650/ASE2020646725


ISNAD

Tokatlı, Cem - Solak, CüneytNadir - Yılmaz, Elif. Water Quality Assessment by Means of Bio-Indication: A Case Study of Ergene River Using Biological Diatom Index”. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering 35/2 (Mar. 2024): 43-51. https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE2020646725



TIMELINE


Submitted19.10.2019
Accepted11.01.2020
Published Online13.03.2020

LICENCE


Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC)

This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon your work non-commercially, and although their new works must also acknowledge you and be non-commercial, they don’t have to license their derivative works on the same terms.


SHARE




Istanbul University Press aims to contribute to the dissemination of ever growing scientific knowledge through publication of high quality scientific journals and books in accordance with the international publishing standards and ethics. Istanbul University Press follows an open access, non-commercial, scholarly publishing.