Research Article

DOI :10.26650/eor.20241509539 IUP :10.26650/eor.20241509539 Full Text (PDF)

The trueness of CAD-CAM custom-milled post-and-cores: a comparison of three materials and two milling systems

Purpose: The purpose of this in-vitro study was to evaluate the 3D digital trueness of CAD/CAM custom milled post-and-cores fabricated from three contemporary materials using two different 5- axis milling machines.

Materials and Methods: A standardized virtual post-and-core CAD design, augmented with landmarks for the standardization of milling, scanning, and 3D analysis protocols, was imported into the CAM software of two different 5-axis milling machines: the CORiTEC 350i and the InLab MC X5. Custom post-and-cores were fabricated from three distinct materials: zirconia, fiber-glass composite, and polyetheretherketone (PEEK). For each material, 10 post-and-cores were milled on each machine, resulting in a total of 60 custom samples. After milling, these post-and-cores were scanned using a standardized method. The resulting scan meshes were superimposed onto the reference CAD design mesh to evaluate 3D surface deviations. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to determine the effects of material and milling machine on the trueness of the milled post-and-cores.

Results: No significant interaction between material and milling machine was found (p=0.813). PEEK showed significantly lower deviations (mean of 37.2 µm) compared to zirconia (57.2 µm, p<0.001) and glass-fiber composite (48.8 µm, p=0.017). The 350i produced PEEK post-and-cores with mean deviations of 12.7 µm less than the MC X5 (p=0.03), with no significant differences for other material-machine combinations.

Conclusion: Both milling machines demonstrated high trueness in milling post-and-cores. PEEK outperformed zirconia in trueness. When milled with the CORiTEC 350i, PEEK showed a small improvement in trueness over glass-fiber; however, no significant difference was observed with the InLab MC X5. The CORiTEC 350i excelled in milling PEEK, achieving the least 3D deviation, highlighting the influence of both material and machine on the trueness of milled post-and-cores.

Keywords: 3D Analysis, CAD/CAM, custom post-and-core, fiber-glass composite, PEEK, trueness, zirconia

DOI :10.26650/eor.20241509539 IUP :10.26650/eor.20241509539 Full Text (PDF)

CAD-CAM yöntemiyle frezelenmiş post-core restorasyonlarının doğruluğu: üç malzeme ve iki frezeleme sisteminin karşılaştırılması.

Ra’fat I. Farah

Amaç: Bu in-vitro çalışmanın amacı, üç farklı modern malzemeden CAD/CAM yöntemiyle üretilen post-core restorasyonlarının, iki farklı 5 eksenli frezeleme makinesinden elde edilen üç boyutlu dijital doğruluğunu değerlendirmektir.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Frezeleme, tarama ve 3D analiz protokollerinin standartlaştırılması amacıyla belirteçlerle desteklenen standart bir sanal post-core CAD tasarımı, iki farklı 5 eksenli frezeleme makinesinin CAM yazılımına aktarıldı: CORiTEC 350i ve InLab MC X5. Üç farklı malzemeden (zirkonya, fiber-cam kompozit ve poliétereterketon [PEEK]) özel post-core restorasyonları üretildi. Her bir malzeme için her makinede 10 adet post-core frezelenerek toplamda 60 adet numune hazırlandı. Frezeleme işleminin ardından, post-core restorasyonları standart bir yöntemle tarandı. Tarama verileri, referans CAD tasarımıyla üst üste getirilerek 3D yüzey sapmaları değerlendirildi. Frezelenen post-core restorasyonların doğruluğu üzerindeki malzeme ve frezeleme makinesi etkileri, iki yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ile analiz edildi.

Bulgular: Malzeme ve frezeleme makinesi arasında anlamlı bir etkileşim bulunmadı (p = 0.813). PEEK, zirkonyaya (ortalama sapma: 57.2 µm, p < 0.001) ve cam-fiber kompozite (ortalama sapma: 48.8 µm, p = 0.017) kıyasla önemli ölçüde daha düşük sapmalar gösterdi (ortalama sapma: 37.2 µm). CORiTEC 350i, PEEK post-core restorasyonlarını InLab MC X5'e göre ortalama 12.7 µm daha düşük sapma ile üretti (p = 0.03). Ancak diğer malzeme-makine kombinasyonlarında anlamlı bir fark gözlemlenmedi.

Sonuç: Her iki frezeleme makinesi de post-core restorasyonlarının üretiminde yüksek doğruluk sergiledi. PEEK, doğruluk açısından zirkonyadan daha üstün performans gösterdi. CORiTEC 350i ile frezelenen PEEK, cam-fiber kompozite kıyasla küçük bir doğruluk artışı sağladı; ancak InLab MC X5 ile frezelenen restorasyonlarda anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı. CORiTEC 350i, PEEK malzeme ile en düşük 3D sapmayı elde ederek frezeleme doğruluğu üzerinde hem malzemenin hem de makinenin etkisini vurgulamaktadır

Keywords: 3D Analiz, CAD/CAM, özel post-core; cam-fiber kompozit, PEEK, doğruluk, zirkonya

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APA

Farah, R.I. (2019). The trueness of CAD-CAM custom-milled post-and-cores: a comparison of three materials and two milling systems. European Oral Research, 0(0), -. https://doi.org/10.26650/eor.20241509539

AMA

Farah R I. The trueness of CAD-CAM custom-milled post-and-cores: a comparison of three materials and two milling systems. European Oral Research. 2019;0(0):-. https://doi.org/10.26650/eor.20241509539

ABNT

Farah, R.I. The trueness of CAD-CAM custom-milled post-and-cores: a comparison of three materials and two milling systems. European Oral Research, [Publisher Location], v. 0, n. 0, p. -, 2019.

Chicago: Author-Date Style

Farah, Ra’fat I.,. 2019. “The trueness of CAD-CAM custom-milled post-and-cores: a comparison of three materials and two milling systems.” European Oral Research 0, no. 0: -. https://doi.org/10.26650/eor.20241509539

Chicago: Humanities Style

Farah, Ra’fat I.,. “The trueness of CAD-CAM custom-milled post-and-cores: a comparison of three materials and two milling systems.” European Oral Research 0, no. 0 (Mar. 2025): -. https://doi.org/10.26650/eor.20241509539

Harvard: Australian Style

Farah, RI 2019, 'The trueness of CAD-CAM custom-milled post-and-cores: a comparison of three materials and two milling systems', European Oral Research, vol. 0, no. 0, pp. -, viewed 10 Mar. 2025, https://doi.org/10.26650/eor.20241509539

Harvard: Author-Date Style

Farah, R.I. (2019) ‘The trueness of CAD-CAM custom-milled post-and-cores: a comparison of three materials and two milling systems’, European Oral Research, 0(0), pp. -. https://doi.org/10.26650/eor.20241509539 (10 Mar. 2025).

MLA

Farah, Ra’fat I.,. “The trueness of CAD-CAM custom-milled post-and-cores: a comparison of three materials and two milling systems.” European Oral Research, vol. 0, no. 0, 2019, pp. -. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.26650/eor.20241509539

Vancouver

Farah RI. The trueness of CAD-CAM custom-milled post-and-cores: a comparison of three materials and two milling systems. European Oral Research [Internet]. 10 Mar. 2025 [cited 10 Mar. 2025];0(0):-. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26650/eor.20241509539 doi: 10.26650/eor.20241509539

ISNAD

Farah, Ra’fatI.. “The trueness of CAD-CAM custom-milled post-and-cores: a comparison of three materials and two milling systems”. European Oral Research 0/0 (Mar. 2025): -. https://doi.org/10.26650/eor.20241509539

TIMELINE

Submitted	03.07.2024
Accepted	09.11.2024
Published Online	20.02.2025

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