Research Article


DOI :10.26650/ISTJECON2023-1362783   IUP :10.26650/ISTJECON2023-1362783    Full Text (PDF)

Relationship between Organic Agriculture And GDP Per Capita, Economic Growth, and Unemployment: Panel Data Analysis

Kurtuluş Merdan

The increase in the world population recently has also increased the need for agricultural products. The need for food products has made it necessary to obtain more products per unit area. At this point, producers have focussed on the use of hormones, chemicals, and fertilisers to increase productivity and meet the demand for cheap food, and the process that increases production in the short term has become a threat to human health in the long term. Over time, the negative effects of chemicals on humans and the environment were observed, forcing producers to seek new methods. This process has led to independent studies on organic agriculture in every country. In this study, the effects of organic agriculture on some economic variables were revealed. In this context, the analyses focus now the variables of area allocated to organic agriculture on a regional basis, production amount and number of producers affected GDP per capita, economic growth, and unemployment in Turkey between 2003 and 2021. The scientific dimension of the study was prepared using data obtained from domestic and foreign literature and the electronic database of the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock. In this study, in which panel data analysis was used, EViews 12 programme was employed. For the variables used in the study, the geographical region cross-section dependence was determined, and the stationarity of the series was examined with the CIPS (Cross-Sectionally Augmented IPS) unit root test. As a result of the study, it was determined that organic production amount, number of organic farmers, and organic production area did not have a significant effect on economic growth and unemployment. Organic production area and the number of organic farmers had a positive and significant effect on GDP per capita, but the amount of organic production did not have a significant relationship.

JEL Classification : Q13 , Q16 , Q17

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APA

Merdan, K. (2024). Relationship between Organic Agriculture And GDP Per Capita, Economic Growth, and Unemployment: Panel Data Analysis. Istanbul Journal of Economics, 74(1), 253-279. https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2023-1362783


AMA

Merdan K. Relationship between Organic Agriculture And GDP Per Capita, Economic Growth, and Unemployment: Panel Data Analysis. Istanbul Journal of Economics. 2024;74(1):253-279. https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2023-1362783


ABNT

Merdan, K. Relationship between Organic Agriculture And GDP Per Capita, Economic Growth, and Unemployment: Panel Data Analysis. Istanbul Journal of Economics, [Publisher Location], v. 74, n. 1, p. 253-279, 2024.


Chicago: Author-Date Style

Merdan, Kurtuluş,. 2024. “Relationship between Organic Agriculture And GDP Per Capita, Economic Growth, and Unemployment: Panel Data Analysis.” Istanbul Journal of Economics 74, no. 1: 253-279. https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2023-1362783


Chicago: Humanities Style

Merdan, Kurtuluş,. Relationship between Organic Agriculture And GDP Per Capita, Economic Growth, and Unemployment: Panel Data Analysis.” Istanbul Journal of Economics 74, no. 1 (Dec. 2024): 253-279. https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2023-1362783


Harvard: Australian Style

Merdan, K 2024, 'Relationship between Organic Agriculture And GDP Per Capita, Economic Growth, and Unemployment: Panel Data Analysis', Istanbul Journal of Economics, vol. 74, no. 1, pp. 253-279, viewed 25 Dec. 2024, https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2023-1362783


Harvard: Author-Date Style

Merdan, K. (2024) ‘Relationship between Organic Agriculture And GDP Per Capita, Economic Growth, and Unemployment: Panel Data Analysis’, Istanbul Journal of Economics, 74(1), pp. 253-279. https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2023-1362783 (25 Dec. 2024).


MLA

Merdan, Kurtuluş,. Relationship between Organic Agriculture And GDP Per Capita, Economic Growth, and Unemployment: Panel Data Analysis.” Istanbul Journal of Economics, vol. 74, no. 1, 2024, pp. 253-279. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2023-1362783


Vancouver

Merdan K. Relationship between Organic Agriculture And GDP Per Capita, Economic Growth, and Unemployment: Panel Data Analysis. Istanbul Journal of Economics [Internet]. 25 Dec. 2024 [cited 25 Dec. 2024];74(1):253-279. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2023-1362783 doi: 10.26650/ISTJECON2023-1362783


ISNAD

Merdan, Kurtuluş. Relationship between Organic Agriculture And GDP Per Capita, Economic Growth, and Unemployment: Panel Data Analysis”. Istanbul Journal of Economics 74/1 (Dec. 2024): 253-279. https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2023-1362783



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Submitted19.09.2023
Accepted15.03.2024
Published Online19.07.2024

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