Research Article


DOI :10.26650/ISTJECON2024-1597205   IUP :10.26650/ISTJECON2024-1597205    Full Text (PDF)

Spatial Econometric Analysis of the Ecological Footprint of European Countries

Beyda DemirciFerda Yerdelen Tatoğlu

This study explains the effects of various economic factors on the ecological footprint of 34 European countries in 2022 using spatial econometric techniques. Unlike previous studies on the ecological footprint, this study presents more comprehensive results by including spatial effects in the model using spatial econometric techniques for 34 countries for 2022. This study analyzes the lagged effects of per capita GDP growth, trade openness, and renewable energy use on the ecological footprint. The spatial Durbin Model was confirmed as the most appropriate through diagnostic tests and selection criteria. The results show that per capita GDP growth, trade openness, and renewable energy usage positively and significantly affect the ecological footprint. Additionally, the spatially lagged per capita GDP growth rate has a negative impact on the ecological footprint, while the spatially lagged trade openness has a positive impact, both of which are statistically significant. These findings underscore the importance of considering the environmental impacts of economic policies to achieve sustainable development. Furthermore, the identification of spatial effects in the spread of ecological footprints highlights the need to address environmental issues not only at the national level but also in relation to neighbouring countries.

JEL Classification : Q57 , C21 , O44

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APA

Demirci, B., & Yerdelen Tatoğlu, F. (2024). Spatial Econometric Analysis of the Ecological Footprint of European Countries. Istanbul Journal of Economics, 74(2), 593-614. https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2024-1597205


AMA

Demirci B, Yerdelen Tatoğlu F. Spatial Econometric Analysis of the Ecological Footprint of European Countries. Istanbul Journal of Economics. 2024;74(2):593-614. https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2024-1597205


ABNT

Demirci, B.; Yerdelen Tatoğlu, F. Spatial Econometric Analysis of the Ecological Footprint of European Countries. Istanbul Journal of Economics, [Publisher Location], v. 74, n. 2, p. 593-614, 2024.


Chicago: Author-Date Style

Demirci, Beyda, and Ferda Yerdelen Tatoğlu. 2024. “Spatial Econometric Analysis of the Ecological Footprint of European Countries.” Istanbul Journal of Economics 74, no. 2: 593-614. https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2024-1597205


Chicago: Humanities Style

Demirci, Beyda, and Ferda Yerdelen Tatoğlu. Spatial Econometric Analysis of the Ecological Footprint of European Countries.” Istanbul Journal of Economics 74, no. 2 (Mar. 2025): 593-614. https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2024-1597205


Harvard: Australian Style

Demirci, B & Yerdelen Tatoğlu, F 2024, 'Spatial Econometric Analysis of the Ecological Footprint of European Countries', Istanbul Journal of Economics, vol. 74, no. 2, pp. 593-614, viewed 10 Mar. 2025, https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2024-1597205


Harvard: Author-Date Style

Demirci, B. and Yerdelen Tatoğlu, F. (2024) ‘Spatial Econometric Analysis of the Ecological Footprint of European Countries’, Istanbul Journal of Economics, 74(2), pp. 593-614. https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2024-1597205 (10 Mar. 2025).


MLA

Demirci, Beyda, and Ferda Yerdelen Tatoğlu. Spatial Econometric Analysis of the Ecological Footprint of European Countries.” Istanbul Journal of Economics, vol. 74, no. 2, 2024, pp. 593-614. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2024-1597205


Vancouver

Demirci B, Yerdelen Tatoğlu F. Spatial Econometric Analysis of the Ecological Footprint of European Countries. Istanbul Journal of Economics [Internet]. 10 Mar. 2025 [cited 10 Mar. 2025];74(2):593-614. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2024-1597205 doi: 10.26650/ISTJECON2024-1597205


ISNAD

Demirci, Beyda - Yerdelen Tatoğlu, Ferda. Spatial Econometric Analysis of the Ecological Footprint of European Countries”. Istanbul Journal of Economics 74/2 (Mar. 2025): 593-614. https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2024-1597205



TIMELINE


Submitted06.12.2024
Accepted27.12.2024
Published Online31.12.2024

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