Review Article


DOI :10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2024.1434421   IUP :10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2024.1434421    Full Text (PDF)

Safety and possible risks of tea tree oil from a toxicological perspective

Sonia SanajouRana Ülker ÖzkanPınar ErkekoğluGözde GirginTerken Baydar

Tea tree oil (TTO) is a sophisticated essential oil extracted from the Melaleuca alternifolia plant. It comprises around 1,000 components with a significant presence of monoterpenes and their alcohols. Terpinen-4-ol, the monoterpene that makes up 30% to 48% of TTO essential oil, is the main factor responsible for its strong antibacterial properties. TTO has been extensively used in skin care products to treat many problems, including acne, eczema, and dandruff. TTO is included in products used by children and adults. Nevertheless, the reliability of TTO in cosmetic and dermatological or derma cosmetic formulations is contingent upon numerous influential aspects, underscoring the pivotal significance of formulation and production procedures. TTO can be taken orally, topically, or ocularly. However, it is important to exercise caution, as high levels of TTO may cause phytotoxic effects and result in negative consequences such as contact allergy, inflammation, irritation, and dermatitis. Though natural, this essential oil can be harmful if not used correctly, considering factors like the route of application, exposure dose, and poor-quality contents. This review thoroughly examines the negative consequences, considerations for safety, and regulatory factors related to the usage of TTO. The study emphasizes the importance of conducting thorough research to better understand the safe use of essential oils, especially TTO. It also calls for a full assessment of the possible negative effects on vulnerable populations. Given the increasing demand for products containing TTO, it is crucial to conduct ongoing research to improve recommendations and ensure the informed and safe use of this precious essential oil.


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APA

Sanajou, S., Ülker Özkan, R., Erkekoğlu, P., Girgin, G., & Baydar, T. (2024). Safety and possible risks of tea tree oil from a toxicological perspective. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy, 0(0), -. https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2024.1434421


AMA

Sanajou S, Ülker Özkan R, Erkekoğlu P, Girgin G, Baydar T. Safety and possible risks of tea tree oil from a toxicological perspective. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy. 2024;0(0):-. https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2024.1434421


ABNT

Sanajou, S.; Ülker Özkan, R.; Erkekoğlu, P.; Girgin, G.; Baydar, T. Safety and possible risks of tea tree oil from a toxicological perspective. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy, [Publisher Location], v. 0, n. 0, p. -, 2024.


Chicago: Author-Date Style

Sanajou, Sonia, and Rana Ülker Özkan and Pınar Erkekoğlu and Gözde Girgin and Terken Baydar. 2024. “Safety and possible risks of tea tree oil from a toxicological perspective.” İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy 0, no. 0: -. https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2024.1434421


Chicago: Humanities Style

Sanajou, Sonia, and Rana Ülker Özkan and Pınar Erkekoğlu and Gözde Girgin and Terken Baydar. Safety and possible risks of tea tree oil from a toxicological perspective.” İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy 0, no. 0 (Nov. 2024): -. https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2024.1434421


Harvard: Australian Style

Sanajou, S & Ülker Özkan, R & Erkekoğlu, P & Girgin, G & Baydar, T 2024, 'Safety and possible risks of tea tree oil from a toxicological perspective', İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy, vol. 0, no. 0, pp. -, viewed 15 Nov. 2024, https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2024.1434421


Harvard: Author-Date Style

Sanajou, S. and Ülker Özkan, R. and Erkekoğlu, P. and Girgin, G. and Baydar, T. (2024) ‘Safety and possible risks of tea tree oil from a toxicological perspective’, İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy, 0(0), pp. -. https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2024.1434421 (15 Nov. 2024).


MLA

Sanajou, Sonia, and Rana Ülker Özkan and Pınar Erkekoğlu and Gözde Girgin and Terken Baydar. Safety and possible risks of tea tree oil from a toxicological perspective.” İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy, vol. 0, no. 0, 2024, pp. -. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2024.1434421


Vancouver

Sanajou S, Ülker Özkan R, Erkekoğlu P, Girgin G, Baydar T. Safety and possible risks of tea tree oil from a toxicological perspective. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy [Internet]. 15 Nov. 2024 [cited 15 Nov. 2024];0(0):-. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2024.1434421 doi: 10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2024.1434421


ISNAD

Sanajou, Sonia - Ülker Özkan, Rana - Erkekoğlu, Pınar - Girgin, Gözde - Baydar, Terken. Safety and possible risks of tea tree oil from a toxicological perspective”. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy 0/0 (Nov. 2024): -. https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2024.1434421



TIMELINE


Submitted10.02.2024
Accepted17.04.2024
Published Online26.09.2024

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