The Role of Polycentric Governance, Public-Private-Civil Partnerships, and Citizen Science as Developed by the C2IMPRESS Project in Building Disaster Resilient Societies
Esmée Liesbeth Klink, João Lutas CraveiroThe destructive impacts of natural hazards challenge communities. This study investigates how polycentric governance, publicprivate civil partnerships and citizen science can enforce socially resilient communities despite natural hazards. To understand the ways in which these participatory mechanisms can enforce social resilience, literature on the intricate concepts of social resilience and vulnerability and their confluence is conducted. Moreover, polycentric governance, public-private-civil partnerships and citizen science mechanisms and their benefits and disadvantages are considered. This study will demonstrate that the social resilience aspects of reactive capacity, leadership, community cohesion and efficacy, community networks, and system-level responses are found in all of the participatory mechanisms. Exploitation of economic, social, and cultural capital is reflected only in public-private-civil partnership models, and place attachment and mobility are revealed only in polycentric governance. Finally, polycentric governance and citizen science also entail characteristics of local environmental know-how. Although all three mechanisms contribute significantly to social resilience, the actual development of these participatory mechanisms on social resilience remains difficult to measure.
