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DOI :10.26650/jchild.2024.1393387   IUP :10.26650/jchild.2024.1393387    Full Text (PDF)

Is Nutcracker Syndrome Innocent?

Sabriye Gülçin Bozbeyoğlu, Nilüfer Göknar

Objective: Nutcracker syndrome (NS) is defined by the compression of the left renal vein by the superior mesenteric artery. The incidence of NS and the exact treatment protocols are not well known. The objective of this study is to analyze children with NS and evaluate the prognosis in follow-up.

Methods: All patients were referred to the pediatric nephrology clinic by pediatricians because of proteinuria. The study includes 74 patients (52 girls, 22 boys) with a mean age of 13.15±2.32 and records the presenting symptoms, degree of proteinuria, and radiologic findings. The diameter ratios of the left renal vein before and after stenosis and peak systolic velocity (PSV) ratios were calculated with a Doppler ultrasound, with a peak systolic ratio of 3.0:1 or greater was accepted as the diagnostic criterion for NS.

Results: The mean age was 13.15±2.32 (5.33-17.42) years, while the mean follow-up duration was 14.6±9.1 months. Proteinuria was not correlated with the degree of compression. Most patients had a good prognosis, and none of them required medical or surgical treatment. A significant reduction or complete normalization of proteinuria was seen in more than half of the patients under conservative management.

Conclusions: Based on our findings, NS seems to have a good prognosis in children who present with isolated proteinuria.

Keywords: Proteinuria, nutcracker syndrome, renal Doppler ultrasound

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APA

Bozbeyoğlu, S.G., & Göknar, N. (2024). Is Nutcracker Syndrome Innocent?. Journal of Child, 24(1), 11-14. https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2024.1393387


AMA

Bozbeyoğlu S G, Göknar N. Is Nutcracker Syndrome Innocent?. Journal of Child. 2024;24(1):11-14. https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2024.1393387


ABNT

Bozbeyoğlu, S.G.; Göknar, N. Is Nutcracker Syndrome Innocent?. Journal of Child, [Publisher Location], v. 24, n. 1, p. 11-14, 2024.


Chicago: Author-Date Style

Bozbeyoğlu, Sabriye Gülçin, and Nilüfer Göknar. 2024. “Is Nutcracker Syndrome Innocent?.” Journal of Child 24, no. 1: 11-14. https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2024.1393387


Chicago: Humanities Style

Bozbeyoğlu, Sabriye Gülçin, and Nilüfer Göknar. “Is Nutcracker Syndrome Innocent?.” Journal of Child 24, no. 1 (Dec. 2024): 11-14. https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2024.1393387


Harvard: Australian Style

Bozbeyoğlu, SG & Göknar, N 2024, 'Is Nutcracker Syndrome Innocent?', Journal of Child, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 11-14, viewed 23 Dec. 2024, https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2024.1393387


Harvard: Author-Date Style

Bozbeyoğlu, S.G. and Göknar, N. (2024) ‘Is Nutcracker Syndrome Innocent?’, Journal of Child, 24(1), pp. 11-14. https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2024.1393387 (23 Dec. 2024).


MLA

Bozbeyoğlu, Sabriye Gülçin, and Nilüfer Göknar. “Is Nutcracker Syndrome Innocent?.” Journal of Child, vol. 24, no. 1, 2024, pp. 11-14. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2024.1393387


Vancouver

Bozbeyoğlu SG, Göknar N. Is Nutcracker Syndrome Innocent?. Journal of Child [Internet]. 23 Dec. 2024 [cited 23 Dec. 2024];24(1):11-14. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2024.1393387 doi: 10.26650/jchild.2024.1393387


ISNAD

Bozbeyoğlu, SabriyeGülçin - Göknar, Nilüfer. “Is Nutcracker Syndrome Innocent?”. Journal of Child 24/1 (Dec. 2024): 11-14. https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2024.1393387



TIMELINE


Submitted20.11.2023
Accepted24.01.2024
Published Online07.05.2024

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