Journal of Economic Policy Researches

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DOI :10.26650/JEPR1057383   IUP :10.26650/JEPR1057383    Full Text (PDF)

Examining the Relationship Between Female Employment Rate and Poverty in the Context of Three Fragile Countries: A Panel Data Analysis

Anet Taşçıoğlu

Poverty is a common difficulty in almost all countries in the world, and its fundamental cause is income inequality, which indicates that resources are unable to be distributed fairly among the population. Income inequality and poverty are two significant pieces of data that show how equitable distribution is in the public. Income inequality has been the phenomenon most affected by dominant patriarchal gender roles throughout history and has caused women to have low education levels and low employment participation. When evaluating the general status of women in terms of gender, women are seen to be a more vulnerable group in terms of income and socioeconomics. This research is based on a panel data analysis and interprets female employment and poverty using gross domestic product in the context of three fragile countries (i.e., Turkey, Brazil, and Indonesia) during the 2002-2018 period. This study performed its panel data analysis by utilizing random effects, and the results of the study have concluded increased female employment rates to reduce poverty. Increases in gross domestic product (GDP) and gross domestic product per capita (GDPpc) levels are also observed to have a poverty-reducing effect. In addition, education and working conditions need to be improved to increase female employment. The study suggests raising men’s awareness changing the mentality toward women in the workplace in order to increase women’s employment. Lastly, the study has concluded development policies should focus on increasing female employment in order to be able to reduce poverty levels.

Keywords: Poverty, determinants of poverty, female employment, panel data analysis, fragile countries
JEL Classification : I30 , J21 , C33
DOI :10.26650/JEPR1057383   IUP :10.26650/JEPR1057383    Full Text (PDF)

Kadın İstihdam Oranı ile Yoksulluk İlişkisinin Üç Kırılgan Ülke Bağlamında İncelenmesi: Bir Panel Veri Analizi

Anet Taşçıoğlu

Dünyadaki neredeyse bütün ülkelerin ortak problemi olan yoksulluğun temel nedeni, kaynakların halk arasında adaletli bir şekilde dağıtılamamasından oluşan gelir eşitsizliğinden kaynaklanır. Gelir eşitsizliği, baskın ataerkil toplumsal cinsiyet rollerinden en çok etkilenen, eğitim düzeyi ve istihdama katılımı düşük olan kadınlar üzerinde olumsuz bir etkiye sahiptir. Kadınların toplumsal cinsiyet açısından genel durumu değerlendirildiğinde, kadınların erkeklere göre daha az kazandığı, sosyal, ekonomik ve psikolojik gelir açısından daha kırılgan bir grup oluşturduğu görülmektedir. Panel veri analizine dayalı bu araştırmada 2002-2018 döneminde kadın istihdamı ve yoksulluk gayri safi yurtiçi hasıla ile, üç kırılgan ülke (Türkiye, Brezilya ve Endonezya) bağlamında incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmada rassal etkiler kullanılarak panel veri analizi yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda kadın istihdam oranındaki artışın yoksulluğu azalttığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Gayri Safi Yurtiçi Hasıla ve Kişi Başına Gayri Safi Yurtiçi Hasıla düzeylerindeki artışın da yoksulluğu azaltıcı etkisi olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Ayrıca kadın istihdamının artırılması için eğitim ve çalışma koşullarının iyileştirilmesi gerektiği, kadın istihdamının artırılmasına yönelik bir öneri olarak erkeklerin bilinçlendirilmesi ve kadın çalışmasına yönelik zihniyetin değiştirilmesi gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, kalkınma politikaları geliştirilirken kadın istihdamı artırılarak yoksulluk düzeyinin azaltılabileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Keywords: Yoksulluk, Yoksulluğun Belirleyicileri, Kadın İstihdamı, Panel Veri Analizi, Kırılgan Ülkeler
JEL Classification : I30 , J21 , C33

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APA

Taşçıoğlu, A. (2023). Examining the Relationship Between Female Employment Rate and Poverty in the Context of Three Fragile Countries: A Panel Data Analysis. Journal of Economic Policy Researches, 10(2), 317-336. https://doi.org/10.26650/JEPR1057383


AMA

Taşçıoğlu A. Examining the Relationship Between Female Employment Rate and Poverty in the Context of Three Fragile Countries: A Panel Data Analysis. Journal of Economic Policy Researches. 2023;10(2):317-336. https://doi.org/10.26650/JEPR1057383


ABNT

Taşçıoğlu, A. Examining the Relationship Between Female Employment Rate and Poverty in the Context of Three Fragile Countries: A Panel Data Analysis. Journal of Economic Policy Researches, [Publisher Location], v. 10, n. 2, p. 317-336, 2023.


Chicago: Author-Date Style

Taşçıoğlu, Anet,. 2023. “Examining the Relationship Between Female Employment Rate and Poverty in the Context of Three Fragile Countries: A Panel Data Analysis.” Journal of Economic Policy Researches 10, no. 2: 317-336. https://doi.org/10.26650/JEPR1057383


Chicago: Humanities Style

Taşçıoğlu, Anet,. “Examining the Relationship Between Female Employment Rate and Poverty in the Context of Three Fragile Countries: A Panel Data Analysis.” Journal of Economic Policy Researches 10, no. 2 (Dec. 2024): 317-336. https://doi.org/10.26650/JEPR1057383


Harvard: Australian Style

Taşçıoğlu, A 2023, 'Examining the Relationship Between Female Employment Rate and Poverty in the Context of Three Fragile Countries: A Panel Data Analysis', Journal of Economic Policy Researches, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 317-336, viewed 5 Dec. 2024, https://doi.org/10.26650/JEPR1057383


Harvard: Author-Date Style

Taşçıoğlu, A. (2023) ‘Examining the Relationship Between Female Employment Rate and Poverty in the Context of Three Fragile Countries: A Panel Data Analysis’, Journal of Economic Policy Researches, 10(2), pp. 317-336. https://doi.org/10.26650/JEPR1057383 (5 Dec. 2024).


MLA

Taşçıoğlu, Anet,. “Examining the Relationship Between Female Employment Rate and Poverty in the Context of Three Fragile Countries: A Panel Data Analysis.” Journal of Economic Policy Researches, vol. 10, no. 2, 2023, pp. 317-336. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.26650/JEPR1057383


Vancouver

Taşçıoğlu A. Examining the Relationship Between Female Employment Rate and Poverty in the Context of Three Fragile Countries: A Panel Data Analysis. Journal of Economic Policy Researches [Internet]. 5 Dec. 2024 [cited 5 Dec. 2024];10(2):317-336. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26650/JEPR1057383 doi: 10.26650/JEPR1057383


ISNAD

Taşçıoğlu, Anet. “Examining the Relationship Between Female Employment Rate and Poverty in the Context of Three Fragile Countries: A Panel Data Analysis”. Journal of Economic Policy Researches 10/2 (Dec. 2024): 317-336. https://doi.org/10.26650/JEPR1057383



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Submitted13.01.2022
Accepted16.01.2023
Published Online02.08.2023

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