Original Research


DOI :https://doi.org/10.18017/iuitfd.13056441.2015.78/3.76-82   IUP :https://doi.org/10.18017/iuitfd.13056441.2015.78/3.76-82    Full Text (PDF)

Reasons of complementary feeding from the point of view of mothers and their opinions about formulas.

Pınar YılmazbaşBahar KuralAyşegül UsluGülsen Meral SezerEmine Gülbin Gökçay

Objective: The World Health Organization recommends that during the first 6 months of life babies should be exclusively breast-fed and complemantary feeding should be started at 6 months of age, and breastfeeding should continue at least 2 years. In Turkey although majority of mothers prefer to feed their babies with breastmilk after delivery, they start supplementation before 6 months of age. The aim of this study is to investigate why and when mothers start supplementary feeding and to find out their opinions about formulas.

Materials and Methods: The sample of this descriptive and cross-sectional study included mothers of 6-24 month old babies who applied to the outpatient clinic at Kağıthane State Hospital and accepted to participate. The participants were interviewed with a questionnaire form. Data were evaluated by Mann-Whitney u and Spearman analysis.

Results: The study encompassed 205 mothers. In the first day after labour, 88% of the mothers began to feed their babies with breast milk, but 19,5% of them gave herbal tea or water with sugar during the first three days of life. During the first 6 months 36% of the babies were using pacifiers and 49% were using bottle. The mean age for beginning complementary feeding was 4,6 ± 1,9 months and the duration was 10,1 ± 3,1 months for breastfeeding. Insufficient breastfeeding and hunger of the baby were the leading reasons for supplementation before 6 months of life. The other reasons were letting the baby learn the new tastes and refusal of breastfeeding by the baby. When mothers were asked for their opinion about formulas, 68,8% told that they did not trust formulas and 8,3% had no opinion.

Conclusion: While Turkish mothers seem to prefer breastfeeding right after delivery, later they think breastfeeding was not enough and their babies were still hungry. Especially during the first 6 months after delivery, mothers should be encouraged and supported to breastfeed exclusively and be informed that breastfeeding is sufficient for their babies using the growth charts.

DOI :https://doi.org/10.18017/iuitfd.13056441.2015.78/3.76-82   IUP :https://doi.org/10.18017/iuitfd.13056441.2015.78/3.76-82    Full Text (PDF)

ANNELERİN GÖZÜNDEN EK BESİNLERE BAŞLAMA NEDENLERİ VE ANNELERİN MAMALAR HAKKINDAKİ DÜŞÜNCELERİ

Pınar YılmazbaşBahar KuralAyşegül UsluGülsen Meral SezerEmine Gülbin Gökçay

Amaç: Dünya Sağlık Örgütü(DSÖ) ilk 6 ay sadece anne sütü ile beslenme, 6. aydan sonra uygun tamamlayıcı besinler başlanarak anne sütü ile beslenmenin en az 2 yaşına kadar devam ettirilmesini önermektedir. Ülkemizde ilk besin olarak anne sütü verme alışkanlığı yüksek oranlarda olmasına rağmen pek çok anne bebeğine tamamlayıcı besinleri 6. aydan önce başlamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı annelerin ek besinlere ne zaman, hangi nedenlerle ve hangi besinler ile başladıklarını saptamak, ayrıca formül süt ve biberon mamaları hakkındaki fikirlerini öğrenmektir.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamız kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı tiptedir. Kağıthane Devlet Hastanesi Çocuk Polikliniği’ne Ocak 2013-Temmuz 2013 tarihleri arasında ard arda başvuran 6-24 aylık bebeklerin çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden anneleri araştırmanın evrenini oluşturdu. Katılımcılara 25 sorudan oluşan anket formu yöneltildi. Verilerin girişi ve değerlendirilmesi SPSS programı ile yapıldı. Veriler Mann-Whitney u testi ve Spearman analizi ile değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Araştırmaya toplam 205 bebeğin annesi katıldı. Annelerin %88’i doğumdan sonra ilk gün bebeklerini anne sütü ile beslemeye başlamıştı. Bebeklerin %19,5’ine ilk 3 gün içerisinde anne sütü dışında bitki çayı, şekerli su gibi içecekler verilmişti. İlk 6 ayda bebeklerin %36’sı emzik, %49’u ise biberon kullanmıştı. Ek besine başlama ayı ortalaması 4,6 ± 1,9 ay ve toplam anne sütü alma süresi ortalaması 10,1 ± 3,1 ay idi. Önerilen zamandan önce ek besinlere başlama nedenleri arasında anne sütünün yetmediği ve bebeğin artık doymadığı düşüncesi yer almaktayken, bebeğin tatlara alışması için ek besinlere başlanması ve bebeğin memeyi istememesi de diğer nedenlerdi. Annelere mamalar hakkındaki fikirleri açık uçlu olarak sorulduğunda %68,8’i mamalara güvenmediğini, %8,3’u fikri olmadığını belirtmişti.

Sonuç: Annelerin doğumdan itibaren bebeklerini anne sütü ile beslemeyi seçtikleri görülmekteyken, ilerleyen aylarda anneler tamamen sezgilerine dayanarak anne sütünün yetmediği, bebeklerinin doymadıkları duygusuna kapılmaktadırlar. Özellikle ilk 6 aydaki çocuk sağlığı izlemlerinde normal gelişim gösteren bebeklerin annelerine, annenin sütünün bebeğin gelişimi için yeterli olduğu mutlaka belirtilmeli, anneler bebeklerini sadece anne sütü ile besleme konusunda desteklenmeli ve cesaretlendirilmelidir.


PDF View

References

  • 1.Gür E. Tamamlayıcı beslenme. Türk Pediatri Arşivi. 2006; 41: 181-8 google scholar
  • 2. http://www.who.int/topics/breastfeeding/en/(son ziyaret tarihi: 11.07.2015) google scholar
  • 3. http://www.who.int/features/factfiles/breastfeeding/en/(son ziyaret tarihi: 11.07.2015) google scholar
  • 4. Tolga İnce, Meda Kondolot, S. Songül Yalçın, Kadriye Yurdakök. Annelerin emzirme danışmanlığı alma durumları. Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi. 2010; 53:189-97 google scholar
  • 5. Bağcı T. Gebe, emzikli ve bebek beslenmesi. İçinde: Bertan M,Güler Ç (ed). Halk Sağlığı Temel Bilgiler (İkinci Baskı). Ankara: Güneş Kitabevi Ltd. Şti,1997:299-300 google scholar
  • 6. http://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/tnsa2008/data/TNSA-2008_ana_Rapor-tr.pdf(son ziyaret tarihi: 10.07.2015) google scholar
  • 7. http://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/TNSA_2013_ana_rapor.pdf(son ziyaret tarihi: 10.07.2015) google scholar
  • 8. http://www.unicef.org/turkey/pc/_mc36.html(son ziyeret tarihi:09.10.2015) google scholar
  • 9. Thurman SE, Allen PJ. İntegrating lactation consultants into primary health care services: are lactation consultants affecting breastfeeding success? Pediatr Nurs. 2008; 34:419-25 google scholar
  • 10. Inoue M, Binns CW. İnfant Feeding Practices and Breastfeeding Duration in Japan: A Review. İnt Breastfeed J. 2012; 25;7(1):15. doi:10.1186/1746-4358-7-15 google scholar
  • 11. Bai DL, Fong DY, Tarrant M. Factors Associated with Breastfeeding Duration and Exclusivity in Mothers Returning to Paid Employment Postpartum. Matern Child Health J. 2015;19(5):990-9. doi: 10.1007/10995-014-1596-7 google scholar
  • 12. Popkin BM, Adair L, Breast-feeding and diarrheal morbidity. Pediatrics. 1990; 86(6): 874-82 google scholar
  • 13. Victora CG. et al. Impact of breast feeding on admission for pneumonia during postneonatal period in Brazil: nested case-control study. BMJ. May 15;1999; 318(7194): 1316–20. google scholar
  • 14. Newby RM, Davies PS. A prospective study of the introduction of complementary foods in contemporary Australian infants: What, when and why? J Paediatr Child Health. 2015;51(2):186-91. doi: 10.1111/jpc.12699. Epub 2014 Jul 25 google scholar
  • 15. Bagul AS, Supare MS. The infant feeding practices in an urban slum of Nagpur, İndia. J Clin Diagn Res. 2012;6(9):1525-7. doi:10.7860/JCDR/2012/4622.2549 google scholar
  • 16. Chin AC, Myers L, & Magnus JH. Race, education and breastfeeding initiation in Louisiana, 2000-2004. J Hum Lact. 2008;24(2):175-85. doi: 10.1177/0890334408316074 google scholar
  • 17. Setegn T, Belachew T. Factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding practices among mothers in Goba district, south east Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. Int Breastfeed J. 2012 Nov 27;7(1). google scholar
  • 18. Lou Z, Zeng G. Maternal reported indicators and causes of insufficient milk supply, J Hum Lact. 2014 Jul 16. pii: 0890334414542685. google scholar
  • 19. Gökçay G, Kural B, Devecioğlu E. Anne beslenme özelliklerinin anne sütüne etkisi. Türkiye Klinikleri J Pediatr Sci. 2014;10(3):57-62 . google scholar
  • 20. http://www.who.int/maternal_child_adolescent/documents/9241593431/en/ (son ziyaret tarihi: 12.07.2015) google scholar
  • 21. Devecioğlu E, Gökcay G. Tamamlayıcı beslenme. Çocuk Dergisi, 2012: 12 (4):159-63. google scholar

Citations

Copy and paste a formatted citation or use one of the options to export in your chosen format


EXPORT



APA

Yılmazbaş, P., Kural, B., Uslu, A., Sezer, G.M., & Gökçay, E.G. (2015). Reasons of complementary feeding from the point of view of mothers and their opinions about formulas.. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, 78(3), 76-82. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.18017/iuitfd.13056441.2015.78/3.76-82


AMA

Yılmazbaş P, Kural B, Uslu A, Sezer G M, Gökçay E G. Reasons of complementary feeding from the point of view of mothers and their opinions about formulas.. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine. 2015;78(3):76-82. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.18017/iuitfd.13056441.2015.78/3.76-82


ABNT

Yılmazbaş, P.; Kural, B.; Uslu, A.; Sezer, G.M.; Gökçay, E.G. Reasons of complementary feeding from the point of view of mothers and their opinions about formulas.. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, [Publisher Location], v. 78, n. 3, p. 76-82, 2015.


Chicago: Author-Date Style

Yılmazbaş, Pınar, and Bahar Kural and Ayşegül Uslu and Gülsen Meral Sezer and Emine Gülbin Gökçay. 2015. “Reasons of complementary feeding from the point of view of mothers and their opinions about formulas..” Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 78, no. 3: 76-82. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.18017/iuitfd.13056441.2015.78/3.76-82


Chicago: Humanities Style

Yılmazbaş, Pınar, and Bahar Kural and Ayşegül Uslu and Gülsen Meral Sezer and Emine Gülbin Gökçay. Reasons of complementary feeding from the point of view of mothers and their opinions about formulas..” Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 78, no. 3 (May. 2025): 76-82. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.18017/iuitfd.13056441.2015.78/3.76-82


Harvard: Australian Style

Yılmazbaş, P & Kural, B & Uslu, A & Sezer, GM & Gökçay, EG 2015, 'Reasons of complementary feeding from the point of view of mothers and their opinions about formulas.', Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, vol. 78, no. 3, pp. 76-82, viewed 22 May. 2025, https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.18017/iuitfd.13056441.2015.78/3.76-82


Harvard: Author-Date Style

Yılmazbaş, P. and Kural, B. and Uslu, A. and Sezer, G.M. and Gökçay, E.G. (2015) ‘Reasons of complementary feeding from the point of view of mothers and their opinions about formulas.’, Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, 78(3), pp. 76-82. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.18017/iuitfd.13056441.2015.78/3.76-82 (22 May. 2025).


MLA

Yılmazbaş, Pınar, and Bahar Kural and Ayşegül Uslu and Gülsen Meral Sezer and Emine Gülbin Gökçay. Reasons of complementary feeding from the point of view of mothers and their opinions about formulas..” Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, vol. 78, no. 3, 2015, pp. 76-82. [Database Container], https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.18017/iuitfd.13056441.2015.78/3.76-82


Vancouver

Yılmazbaş P, Kural B, Uslu A, Sezer GM, Gökçay EG. Reasons of complementary feeding from the point of view of mothers and their opinions about formulas.. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine [Internet]. 22 May. 2025 [cited 22 May. 2025];78(3):76-82. Available from: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.18017/iuitfd.13056441.2015.78/3.76-82 doi: https://doi.org/10.18017/iuitfd.13056441.2015.78/3.76-82


ISNAD

Yılmazbaş, Pınar - Kural, Bahar - Uslu, Ayşegül - Sezer, GülsenMeral - Gökçay, EmineGülbin. Reasons of complementary feeding from the point of view of mothers and their opinions about formulas.”. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 78/3 (May. 2025): 76-82. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.18017/iuitfd.13056441.2015.78/3.76-82



Istanbul University Press aims to contribute to the dissemination of ever growing scientific knowledge through publication of high quality scientific journals and books in accordance with the international publishing standards and ethics. Istanbul University Press follows an open access, non-commercial, scholarly publishing.