References

• 1. Popruk P, Pintong A, Radomyos P. Diversity of Blastocystis subtypes in humans. J Trop Med Parasitol 2013; 36:88-97. google scholar
• 2. Dağcı.H: Blastocystis: Türkiye’deki Son Gelişmeler. 18. Ulusal Parazitoloji Kongresi Kitapçığı, 29 Eylül - 5 Ekim 2013, Denizli, 2013;30-4. google scholar
• 3. Wawrzyniak I, Poirier P, Viscogliosi E, Dionigia M, Texier C, Delbac F, El-Alaoui H. Blastocystis, an unrecognized parasite:an overview of pathogenesis and diagnosis. Ther Adv Infect Dis 2013; 1:167-78. google scholar
• 4. Koltas IS, Özcan K, Tanriverdi S, Paydas S, Paydas S, Baslamisli F. The prevalence of Blastocystis hominis in immunosupressed patients. Ann Med Sci 1999; 8:117- 9. google scholar
• 5. Tasova Y., Sahin B., Koltas S., Paydas S.: Clinical significance and frequency of Blastocystis hominis in Turkish patients with hematological malignancy. Acta Med Okayama 2000; 54:133-6. google scholar
• 6. Zoglool DAM., Khodari YAW., Frooq MU.: Blastocystis hominis and allergic skin diseases; a single center experience. Journal Of Health Sciences 2012; 2 : 66 google scholar
• 7. Horiki N, Kaneda Y, Maruyama M, Fujita Y, Tachibana H. Intestinal blockage by carcinoma and Blastocystis hominis infection. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1999; 60:400-2. google scholar
• 8. Yakoob J., Jafri W., Jafri N., Khan R., Islam M., Beg MA., Zaman V.: Irritable bowel syndrome: in search of an etiology: role of Blastocystis hominis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2004; 70: 383-5. google scholar
• 9. Nagler J.,Brown M., Soave R.: Blastocystis hominis in inflammatory bowel disease. J Clin Gastroenterol 1992; 16:109-12. google scholar
• 10. Giacometti A., Cirioni O., Fiorentini A., Fortuna M., Scalise G.: Irritable bowel syndrome in patients with Blastocystis hominis infection. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1999;18:436-9. google scholar
• 11. Yakoob J., Jafri W., Beg MA., Abbas Z., Naz S., Islam M., Khan R.: Irrıtable Bowl Sendrome: It is associated with genotypes of Blastocystis hominis. Parasitol Res 2010; 106:1033-8. google scholar
• 12. Phillips BP, Zierdt CH.: Blastocystis hominis: Pathogenic potential in human patients and in gnotobiotics. Exp Parasitol 1976;39: 358-64. google scholar
• 13. Long HY., Handschack A., Konig W., Ambrosch A.: Blastocytis hominis modulates immune responses and cytokine release in colonic epithelial cells. Parasitol Res 2001; 87:1029-30. google scholar
• 14. Alfellani MA, Mulla DT, Jacob AS, Imeede CA, Yoshikawa H, Stensvold CR, Clark CG. Genetic diversity of Blastocystis in livestock and zoo animals. Protist 2013;164:497-509. google scholar
• 15. Noël C, Dufernez F, Gerbod D, Edgcomb VP, Delgado-Viscogliosi P, Ho L.C, Singh M, Wintjens R, Sogin ML, Capron M, Pierce R, Zenner L, Viscogliosi E. Molecular phylogenies of Blastocystis isolates from different hosts: implications for genetic diversity, identification of species, and zoonosis. J Clin Microbiol 2005; 43: 348-55. google scholar
• 16. Tan KS. New insights on classification, identification, and clinical relevance of Blastocystis spp. Clin Microbiol Rev 2008; 21:639-65. google scholar
• 17. Scanlan PD, Marchesi JR. Micro-eukaryotic diversity of the human distal gut microbiota: quantitative assessment using culture-dependent and independent analysis of faeces. ISME J 2008; 2:1183-93 google scholar
• 18. Dominguez-Marquez M, Guna R, Munoz C, Gomez-Munoz M, Borras R. High prevalence of subtip 4 among isolates of Blastocystis hominis from symptomatic patients of health district of Valencia (Spain). Parasitol Res 2009; 105:949-55. google scholar
• 19. Stendsvolt C, Christiansen D, Olsen K, Nielsen H. Blastocystis sp. subtype 4 is common in Danish Blastocystis-positive patients presenting with acute diarrhea. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2011; 84:883-5. google scholar
• 20. Zaman V, Ng GC, Suresh K, Yap EH, Singh M. Isolation of Blastocystis from the cockroach (Dictyoptera, Blattidae). Parasitol Res 1993;79:73-4. google scholar
• 21. Jones, WR. The experimental infection of rats with Entamoeba histolytica; with a method for evaluating the anti-amoebic properties of new compounds. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 1946; 40: 130-40. google scholar
• 22. Grecu (Mătiut) DS, Neagu AN, Hărmănescu EA, Moglan I, In vitro division modalities developed by Blastocystis hominis examined with the acridine orange stain. Analele Stiintifice ale Universitătii Alexandru Ioan Cuza” din Iaşi, s. Biologie animală, Tom LIX 2013;13-8 google scholar
• 23. Stensvold CR. Comparison of sequencing (barcode region) and sequence-tagged-site PCR for Blastocystis subtyping. J. Clin. Microbiol 2013, 51: 190–4. google scholar
• 24. Böhm-Gloning B, Knobloch J, Walderich B. Five subgroups of Blastocystis hominis isolates from symptomatic and asymptomatic patients revealed by restriction site analysis of PCR-amplified 16S-like rDNA. Trop Med In Health 1997;2 (8):771–8. google scholar
• 25. Santín M, Gómez-Muñoz MT, Solano-Aguilar G, Fayer R. Development of a new PCR protocol to detect and subtype Blastocystis spp. from humans and animals. Parasitol Res. 2011;109(1):205-12. google scholar
• 26. Roberts T, Barrat J, Harkness J, Ellis J, Stark D. Comparison of microscopy, culture and conventional polymerase chain reaction for detection of Blastocystis sp. in clinical stool samples. Am J Trop Med Hy.g 2011; 84:308-12. google scholar
• 27. Zaman V, Khan KZ. A comparison of direct microscopy with culture for the diagnosis of Blastocysis hominis.Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1994; 25:792-3. google scholar
• 28. Kukoschke KG, Necker A, Muller HE. Detection of Blastocystis hominis by direct microscopy and culture. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infec Dis 1990; 9:305-7. google scholar
• 29. Boeck, W. C., and J. Drbohlav. The cultivation of Endamoeba histolytica. Am. J. Hyg 1925; 5:371-407. google scholar
• 30. Leelayoova S, Taamasri P, Rangsin R, Naaglor T, Thathaisong U, Mungthin M. In-vitro cultivation: a sensitive method for detecting Blastocystis hominis. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 2002; 96:803–7. google scholar
• 31. Stensvold CR, Arendrup MC, Jespersgaard C, Molbak K, Nielsen HV. Detecting Blastocystis using parasitologic and DNA-based methods: a comparative study. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2007;59:303–7. google scholar
• 32. Dogruman-Al F, Turk S, Adiyaman-Korkmaz G, Hananel A, Levi L, Kopelowitz J,et al. A novel ELISA test for laboratory diagnosis of Blastocystis spp. in human stool spesimens. Parasitol Res 2015; 114:495-500. google scholar
• 33. Termmathurapoj S , Leelayoova S , Aimpun P , Thathaisong U ,Nimmanon T , Taamasri P , Mungthin M. The usefulness of short-term in vitro cultivation for the detection and molecular study of Blastocystis hominis in stool specimens . Parasitol Res 2004; 93: 445 – 7 . google scholar
• 34. Hanauer SB. Inflammatory bowel disease: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and therapeutic opportunities. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2006;1:3-9. google scholar
• 35. Cenac N, Andrews CN, Holzhausen M, Chapman K, Cottrell G, Andrade-Gordon P, Steinhoff M, Barbara G, Beck P, Bunnet NW, Sharkey KA, Ferraz JG, Shaffer E, Vergnolle N. Role for protease activity in visceral pain in irritable bowel syndrome. J Clin Invest 2007; 117: 636-47. google scholar
• 36. Gecse K, Roka R, Ferrier R, Leveque M, Eutamene H, Cartier C, Ait-Belgnaoui A, Rosztoczy A, Izbeki F, Fiaramonti J, Wittmann T, Bueno L. Increased feacal serine protease activity in diarrhoeic IBS patients: a colonic luminal factor impairing colonic permeability and sensitivity 2008;57:591-9. google scholar
• 37. Puthia M., Vaithilingam A., Lu J., Tan K. Degradation of human secretory immunoglobulin a by Blastocystis. Parasitol Res 2005;97:386-9. google scholar
• 38. Mahmoud MS, Saleh WA. Secretory and humoral antibody responses to Blastocystis hominis in symptomatic and asymptomatic human infections. J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 2003; 33:13-30. google scholar
• 39. Markell EK, Udkow MP. Blastocystis hominis: pathogen or fellow traveler?. Am Trop Med Hyg 1986; 35:1023-26. google scholar
• 40. Petersen AM, Stensvold CR, Mirsepasi H, Engberg J, Friis-Møller A, Porsbo LJ, Hammerum AM, Nordgaard-Lassen I, Nielsen HV, Krogfelt KA. Active ulcerative colitis associated with low prevalence of Blastocystis and Dientamoeba fragilis infection. Scand J Gastroenterol 2013; 48:638-9. google scholar
• 41. Rossen NG, Bart A, Verhaar N, van Nood E, Kootte R, de Groot PF, D'Haens GR, Ponsioen CY, van Gool T. Low prevalence of Blastocystis sp. in active ulcerative colitis patients. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2015; 34:1039-44. 42. Cekin AH, Cekin Y, Adakan Y, Tasdemir E, Koclar FG, Yolcular BO. Blastocystosis in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms: a case–control study. BMC Gastroenterol 2012; 12:122. google scholar
• 43. Yamamoto-Furusho JK, Torijano-Carrera E. Intestinal protozoa infections among patients with ulcerative colitis: prevalence and impact on clinical disease course. Digestion 2010;82:18–23. google scholar
• 44. Tai WP, Hu PJ, Wu J, Lin XC: Six ulcerative colitis patients with refractory symptoms co-infective with Blastocystis hominis in China. Parasitol Res 2011;108:1207–10. google scholar
• 45. Dogruman-Al F, Kustimur S, Yoshikawa H, Tuncer C, Simsek Z, Tanyuksel M, et al. Blastocystis subtypes in irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease in Ankara, Turkey. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 2009;104:724-7. google scholar

Citations