Research Article


DOI :10.26650/IUITFD.2020.0003   IUP :10.26650/IUITFD.2020.0003    Full Text (PDF)

EARLY RESULTS OF CAROTID ENDARTERECTOMY WITH LOCAL ANESTHESIA

Orçun Ünal

Objective: The gold standard treatment of carotid artery stenosis is performed with open surgical methods with carotid endarterectomy. Surgical treatment can be performed under general anesthesia or regional cervical block, locoregional combined anesthesia or local anesthesia. In this article, we aimed to present our experience of carotid endarterectomy under local anesthesia and its effects on mortality and morbidity in this patient group. Material and Method: A total of 417 endarterectomy procedures for carotid artery stenosis between 2002 and 2017 were retrospectively evaluated. All operations were performed by the same surgeon using the same standard technique under local infiltration anesthesia. Age, sex, risk factors, surgical indications, diagnostic methods, shunt use, duration of operation, neurological events, mortality and morbidity were evaluated in the operation group. The degree of stenosis was accepted as >70% in all patients for surgical indication. Results: The mean age of the patients was 64.6±11.3 years. The female / male ratio was 102/315. Smoking was the most important risk factor in all patients. Other risk factors were hypertension, diabetes, genetic factors and hyperlipidemia, respectively. The patients included in the study had different rates of ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, peripheral artery disease and malignancy. 346 patients had various neurological symptoms ranging from transient ischemic attack due to carotid artery stenosis to persistent stroke, while the remaining 71 patients were asymptomatic. Mortality or neurological events did not occur during the operation. In-hospital mortality was seen in 3 patients: myocardial infarction in 1, intracranial hemorrhage in 1 and decompensated cardiac failure in one patient. Shunt usage was required in 31 (7%) patients. No major neurological event was encountered in any patient in the first postoperative month. Conclusion: Carotid endarterectomy can be performed safely with local anesthesia with increasing experience. 

DOI :10.26650/IUITFD.2020.0003   IUP :10.26650/IUITFD.2020.0003    Full Text (PDF)

LOKAL ANESTEZİ İLE KAROTİS ENDARTEREKTOMİ OPERASYONUN ERKEN DÖNEM SONUÇLARI

Orçun Ünal

Amaç: Karotis arter darlıklarının altın standart tedavisi karotis endarterektomi operasyonudur. Cerrahi tedavi genel anestezi ile yapılabileceği gibi, rejyonel servikal blok, lokorejyonel kombine anestezi ya da lokal anestezi yöntemleri ile de gerçekleştirilebilir. Bu yazıda lokal anestezi altında karotis endarterektomi deneyimlerimizi, bu hasta grubunda bu yöntemin mortalite ve morbidite üzerine etkilerini sunmayı amaçlıyoruz. Gereç ve Yöntem: 2002-2017 yılları arasında karotis arter stenozu nedeniyle karotis endarterektomi işlemi uygulanan toplam 417 hasta retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Operasyonların tümü lokal infiltrasyon anestezisi ile aynı cerrah tarafından aynı standart teknik kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Operasyonların uygulandığı grupta yaş, cinsiyet, risk faktörleri, cerrahi endikasyonlar, tanı yöntemleri, shunt kullanımı, operasyon süresi, nörolojik olaylar, mortalite ve morbidite değerlendirilmiştir. Tüm hastalarda cerrahi endikasyon için stenoz derecesi >%70 olarak kabul edilmiştir. Bulgular: Hastaların ortalama yaşı 64,6±11,3 yıl olarak hesaplandı. Kadın/erkek oranı 102/315’ti. Tüm hastalarda sigara en önemli risk faktörü olarak belirlendi. Diğer risk faktörleri sırasıyla hipertansiyon, diyabet, genetik faktörler ve hiperlipidemi idi. Çalışmaya dahil edilen hasta grubunda iskemik kalp hastalığı, konjestif kalp yetmezliği, kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalığı, periferik arter hastalığı ve malignite mevcuttu. 346 hastada karotis arter stenozuna bağlı geçici iskemik ataktan kalıcı inmeye kadar çeşitli nörolojik semptomlar görülürken, geri kalan 71 hasta asemptomatikti. Operasyon sırasında hiçbir hastada mortalite ya da nörolojik olay ile karşılaşılmadı. Hastane içi mortalite1 hastada miyokard infarktüsü, 1 hastada intrakraniyal kanama ve 1 hastada dekompanse kalp yetmezliği olmak üzere 3 hastada gözlendi. Shunt kullanımı 31 (%7) hastada gerekti.Postoperatif ilk ay içinde hiçbir hastada majör nörolojik olay ile karşılaşılmadı. Sonuç: Karotis endarterektomi operasyonu artan tecrübe ile birlikte lokal anestezi kullanılarak güvenle gerçekleştirilebilir.


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References

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APA

Ünal, O. (2021). EARLY RESULTS OF CAROTID ENDARTERECTOMY WITH LOCAL ANESTHESIA. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, 84(1), 98-103. https://doi.org/10.26650/IUITFD.2020.0003


AMA

Ünal O. EARLY RESULTS OF CAROTID ENDARTERECTOMY WITH LOCAL ANESTHESIA. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine. 2021;84(1):98-103. https://doi.org/10.26650/IUITFD.2020.0003


ABNT

Ünal, O. EARLY RESULTS OF CAROTID ENDARTERECTOMY WITH LOCAL ANESTHESIA. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, [Publisher Location], v. 84, n. 1, p. 98-103, 2021.


Chicago: Author-Date Style

Ünal, Orçun,. 2021. “EARLY RESULTS OF CAROTID ENDARTERECTOMY WITH LOCAL ANESTHESIA.” Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 84, no. 1: 98-103. https://doi.org/10.26650/IUITFD.2020.0003


Chicago: Humanities Style

Ünal, Orçun,. EARLY RESULTS OF CAROTID ENDARTERECTOMY WITH LOCAL ANESTHESIA.” Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 84, no. 1 (May. 2024): 98-103. https://doi.org/10.26650/IUITFD.2020.0003


Harvard: Australian Style

Ünal, O 2021, 'EARLY RESULTS OF CAROTID ENDARTERECTOMY WITH LOCAL ANESTHESIA', Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, vol. 84, no. 1, pp. 98-103, viewed 13 May. 2024, https://doi.org/10.26650/IUITFD.2020.0003


Harvard: Author-Date Style

Ünal, O. (2021) ‘EARLY RESULTS OF CAROTID ENDARTERECTOMY WITH LOCAL ANESTHESIA’, Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, 84(1), pp. 98-103. https://doi.org/10.26650/IUITFD.2020.0003 (13 May. 2024).


MLA

Ünal, Orçun,. EARLY RESULTS OF CAROTID ENDARTERECTOMY WITH LOCAL ANESTHESIA.” Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, vol. 84, no. 1, 2021, pp. 98-103. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.26650/IUITFD.2020.0003


Vancouver

Ünal O. EARLY RESULTS OF CAROTID ENDARTERECTOMY WITH LOCAL ANESTHESIA. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine [Internet]. 13 May. 2024 [cited 13 May. 2024];84(1):98-103. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26650/IUITFD.2020.0003 doi: 10.26650/IUITFD.2020.0003


ISNAD

Ünal, Orçun. EARLY RESULTS OF CAROTID ENDARTERECTOMY WITH LOCAL ANESTHESIA”. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 84/1 (May. 2024): 98-103. https://doi.org/10.26650/IUITFD.2020.0003



TIMELINE


Submitted11.11.2019
Accepted13.02.2020
Published Online06.07.2020

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