Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine

SUBMITINFORMATION
EnglishTürkçe

Research Article


DOI :10.26650/IUITFD.2019.0037   IUP :10.26650/IUITFD.2019.0037    Full Text (PDF)

RESULTS OF URINE DIPSTICK SCREENING TEST IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN

Günay Muradova, Zeynep Nagehan Yürük Yıldırım, Özde Nisa Türkkan, Ahmet Nevzat Nayır

Objective: Renal diseases may present with proteinuria, hematuria and pyuria without any symptoms. The aim of the study is to determine of urinalysis abnormalities by urine dipstick screening program in healthy school-aged children. Material and Method: We evaluated results of urine dipstick tests of 1052 children (541 male, 511 female) between the ages of 9 and 10. A second urine dipstick test was performed on those students who had hematuria and/or proteinuria in the first test. Results: Abnormality in urine dipstick test was detected in a total of 137 (13%) children. Sixteen cases had isolated hematuria (1.5%), 22 cases isolated proteinuria (2.1%) and one case (0.1%) combined hematuria-proteinuria. In the second evaluation with the dipstick test, we determined that hematuria persisted only in 8 (0.8%) and proteinuria in 2 cases (0.2%). Additionally, 96 cases (9.1%) were positive for leucocyte-esterase, and 18 cases (1.7%) were nitrite positive in the first screening. Conclusion: Our findings revealed that prevalence of hematuria and proteinuria was reduced in the second urine dipstick screening. Therefore, asymptomatic patients with isolated proteinuria or hematuria should be re-evaluated with a urine dipstick. Our study suggests that with the help of screening tests in schoolaged children; hematuria, and proteinuria can be determined and this might be an indication for the asymptomatic period of a kidney disease. 

Keywords: Children, dipstick, hematuria, proteinuria, screening, urinalysis
DOI :10.26650/IUITFD.2019.0037   IUP :10.26650/IUITFD.2019.0037    Full Text (PDF)

İLKÖĞRETİM ÇAĞINDAKİ ÇOCUKLARDA İDRAR DİPSTİCK TARAMA TESTİ SONUÇLARI

Günay Muradova, Zeynep Nagehan Yürük Yıldırım, Özde Nisa Türkkan, Ahmet Nevzat Nayır

Amaç: Renal hastalıklar herhangi bir semptoma neden olmadan hematüri ve proteinüri ile ortaya çıkabilirler. Çalışmamızın amacı sağlıklı, okul çağındaki çocuklarda idrar analizi anormalliklerinin idrar dipstick testi ile değerlendirilmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Yaşları 9-10 aralığında olan 1052 (541, erkek, 511 kız) çocuğun idrar dipstick test sonuçları değerlendirildi. İlk idrar analizinde anormallik tespit edilen çocuklarda kalıcı hematüri ve proteinürinin değerlendirilmesi için ikinci bir idrar dipsitick testi yapıldı. Bulgular: Anormal idrar dipstick test sonucu 137 (%13) hastada tespit edildi. On altı (%1,5) çocukta izole hematüri, 22 (%2,1) çocukta izole proteinüri ve bir (%0,1) çocukta kombine hematuria ve proteinuri tespit edildi. İkinci idrar dipsitick testinde hematürinin yanlızca 8 çocukta (%0,8) ve proteinurinin 2 (%0,2) çocukta persiste ettiği görüldü. Ayrıca ilk idrar analizinde 96 (%9,1) çocukta lökosit esteraz pozitifliği, 18 (%1,7) çocukta nitrit pozitifliği, 10 (%0,95) çocukta hem lökosit esteraz hem de nitrit pozitifliği tespit edildi. Sonuç: Çalışmamızın sonuçlarında ikinci bir idrar analizi yapıldığında hematüri ve proteinüri sıklığının düştüğü görülmüştür. Bu nedenle izole hematüri ya da proteinüri saptanan asemptomatik hastalar ikinci bir idrar analizi ile yeniden değerlendirilmelidir. Çalışmamızın sonuçları okul çağı çocuklarında dipstick tarama testi ile hematüri ve proteinüri tespit edilebileceğini ve bu durum böbrek hastalıklarının asemptomatik döneminin bulgusu olabileceğini göstermektedir

Keywords: Çocuk, dipstick, hematuri, proteinüri, tarama, idrar analizi

PDF View

References

  • 1. Yamagata K, Iseki K, Nitta K, Imai H, Iino Y, Matsuo S. Chronic kidney disease perspectives in Japan and the importance of urinalysis screening. Clin Exp Nephrol 2008;12:1-8. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • 2. Lin CY, Hsieh CC, Chen WP, Yang LY, Wang HH. The underlying diseases and follow-up in Taiwanese children screened by urinalysis. Pediatr Nephrol 2001;16(3):232-7. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • 3. Schumann GB, Greenberg NF. Usefulness of macroscopic urinalysis as a screening procedure. Am Soc Clin Pathol 1979;71:452-6. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • 4. Shaw ST, Poon SY, Wong ET. Routine urinalysis. Is the dipstick enough? JAMA 1985;253:1596-600. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • 5. Koyama A, Igarashi M, Kobayashi M. Naturals history and risk factors for immunoglobulin A nephropathy. Am J Kid Dis. 1997;29:526-32. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • 6. Kemper KJ, Avner ED. The case against screening urinalyses for asymptomatic bacteriuria in children. Am J Dis Child 1992;146:34346. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • 7. Stevens PE, Levin A. Evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease: synopsis of the kidney disease: improving global outcomes 2012 clinical practice guideline. Ann Intern Med 2013;158(11):825-30. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • 8. Recommendations for Preventive Pediatric Health Care. Pediatrics, 2007;120(6):1376. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • 9. Lin CY, Sheng CC, Chen CH, Lin CC, Chou P. The prevalence of heavy proteinuria and progression risk factors in children undergoing urinary screening. Pediatr Nephrol 2002;14:953- 9. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • 10. Murakami M, Yamamoto H, Ueda Y, Murakami K, Yamauchi K. Urinary screening of elementary and junior high-school children over a 13-year period in Tokyo. Pediatr Nephrol 1991;5:50-3. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • 11. Cho BS, Kim SD, Choi YM, Kang HH. School urinalysis screening in Korea: prevalence of chronic renal disease. Pediatr Nephrol 2001;16:1126-8. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • 12. Halbesma N, Kuiken DS, Brantsma AH, Bakker SJ, Wetzels JF. De estimated GFR to identify individuals at risk for accelerated GFR loss in population screening. J Am Soc Nephrol 2006;17:2582-90. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • 13. Yayli G, Yaman H, Demirdal T. Asymptomatic bacteriuria rates in schoolchildren: results from a rural city in Turkey. J Trop Pediatr 2003;49:228-30. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • 14. Yenisay C, Sonmez F. Aydın’da okul çağı çocuklarında asemptomatik hematüri, proteinüri, pyüri taraması. Adnan Menderes Ünv Araştırmaları, 1999. google scholar
  • 15. Mir S, Keskinoglu A, Ozkayın N, Ozdemir O. İlkokul 1. Sınıf çocuklarında asemptomatik idrar yolu enfeksiyonu ve hipertansiyon prevalansı. Ege Tıp Dergisi 2005;44(1):29-33. google scholar
  • 16. Ünalacak M, Armutcu F, Demirel F, Gürel A, Demircan N, Aktunç E. Okul çağı çocuklarda mikroskopik idrar incelemesi ile asemptomatik bakteriüri sıklığı. Tıp Araştırmaları Dergisi 2005;3:30-2. google scholar
  • 17. Nebigil I, Tumer N. Asymptomatic urinary tract infection in childhood. Eur J Pediatr 1992;151(4):308-9. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • 18. Murakami M. Screening for proteinuria and hematuria in schoolchildren methods and results. Acta Paediatr Jpn 1990;32(6):682-9. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • 19. Lin CY, Sheng CC, Lin CC, Chen CH, Chou P. Mass urinary screening and follow- up for schoolchildren in Taiwan province. Acta Paediatr Taiwan 2001;42(3):134-140. google scholar
  • 20. Ruggenenti P, Perna A, Mosconi L, Pisoni R, Remuzzi G. Urinary protein excretion rate is the best independent predictor of ESRF in non- diabetic proteinuric chronic nephropathies. “Gruppo Italiano di Studi Epidemiological Nefrologia” (GISEN). Kidney Int 1998;53:1209-16. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • 21. Suleymanlar G, Utas C, Arınsoy T, et al. A population based survey of chronic renal disease in Turkey - The CREDIT study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2011;26:1862-71. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • 22. Ambo K, Tsuchiya M, Murakami M, et al. Incidence of abnormalities in urinalysis in Japanese children aged six to ten years (in Japanese). J Jpn Pediatr Soc 1999;103:543-8. google scholar
  • 23. Murakami M, Hayakawa M, Yanagihara T, Hukunaga Y. Proteinuria screening for children. Kidney Int Suppl 2005;(94):23-7. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • 24. Ates K. Türkiye’de Nefroloji, Diyaliz ve Transplantasyon – Registry 2017. Available from URL: http://www.nefroloji.org. tr/folders/file/18104_REGISTRY2017_kontrol_v1.pdf google scholar
  • 25. Lin CY, Hsieh CC, Chen WP, Yang LY, Wang HH. The underlying diseases and follow-up in Taiwanese children screened by urinalysis. Pediatr Nephrol 2001;16:232-7. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • 26. Yap HK, Quek CM, Shen Q, Chia KS. Role of Urinary Screening Programmes in Children in the Prevention of Chronic Kidney Disease. Ann Acad Med Singapore 2005;34:3-7. google scholar
  • 27. Zainal D, Baba A, Mustaffa BE. Screening proteinuria and haematuria in Malaysian Children. SoutheastAsian J Trop Med Public Health 1995;26:785-8. google scholar
  • 28. Cho BS, Hahn WH, Cheong HI, Lim I, Ko CW, Kim SY, Suh JS. A nation wide study of mass urine screening tests on Korean school children and implications for chronic kidney disease management. Clin Exp Nephrol 2013;17(2):205-10. [CrossRef] google scholar
  • 29. Vernon S, Lundblad B, Hellstrom AL. Children’s experiences of school toilets present a risk to their physicaland psychological health. Child Care Health Dev 2003;29:47-53. [CrossRef] google scholar

Citations

Copy and paste a formatted citation or use one of the options to export in your chosen format


EXPORT



APA

Muradova, G., Yürük Yıldırım, Z.N., Türkkan, Ö.N., & Nayır, A.N. (2020). RESULTS OF URINE DIPSTICK SCREENING TEST IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, 83(3), 254-258. https://doi.org/10.26650/IUITFD.2019.0037


AMA

Muradova G, Yürük Yıldırım Z N, Türkkan Ö N, Nayır A N. RESULTS OF URINE DIPSTICK SCREENING TEST IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine. 2020;83(3):254-258. https://doi.org/10.26650/IUITFD.2019.0037


ABNT

Muradova, G.; Yürük Yıldırım, Z.N.; Türkkan, Ö.N.; Nayır, A.N. RESULTS OF URINE DIPSTICK SCREENING TEST IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, [Publisher Location], v. 83, n. 3, p. 254-258, 2020.


Chicago: Author-Date Style

Muradova, Günay, and Zeynep Nagehan Yürük Yıldırım and Özde Nisa Türkkan and Ahmet Nevzat Nayır. 2020. “RESULTS OF URINE DIPSTICK SCREENING TEST IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN.” Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 83, no. 3: 254-258. https://doi.org/10.26650/IUITFD.2019.0037


Chicago: Humanities Style

Muradova, Günay, and Zeynep Nagehan Yürük Yıldırım and Özde Nisa Türkkan and Ahmet Nevzat Nayır. “RESULTS OF URINE DIPSTICK SCREENING TEST IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN.” Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 83, no. 3 (Nov. 2024): 254-258. https://doi.org/10.26650/IUITFD.2019.0037


Harvard: Australian Style

Muradova, G & Yürük Yıldırım, ZN & Türkkan, ÖN & Nayır, AN 2020, 'RESULTS OF URINE DIPSTICK SCREENING TEST IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN', Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, vol. 83, no. 3, pp. 254-258, viewed 20 Nov. 2024, https://doi.org/10.26650/IUITFD.2019.0037


Harvard: Author-Date Style

Muradova, G. and Yürük Yıldırım, Z.N. and Türkkan, Ö.N. and Nayır, A.N. (2020) ‘RESULTS OF URINE DIPSTICK SCREENING TEST IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN’, Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, 83(3), pp. 254-258. https://doi.org/10.26650/IUITFD.2019.0037 (20 Nov. 2024).


MLA

Muradova, Günay, and Zeynep Nagehan Yürük Yıldırım and Özde Nisa Türkkan and Ahmet Nevzat Nayır. “RESULTS OF URINE DIPSTICK SCREENING TEST IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN.” Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, vol. 83, no. 3, 2020, pp. 254-258. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.26650/IUITFD.2019.0037


Vancouver

Muradova G, Yürük Yıldırım ZN, Türkkan ÖN, Nayır AN. RESULTS OF URINE DIPSTICK SCREENING TEST IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine [Internet]. 20 Nov. 2024 [cited 20 Nov. 2024];83(3):254-258. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26650/IUITFD.2019.0037 doi: 10.26650/IUITFD.2019.0037


ISNAD

Muradova, Günay - Yürük Yıldırım, ZeynepNagehan - Türkkan, ÖzdeNisa - Nayır, AhmetNevzat. “RESULTS OF URINE DIPSTICK SCREENING TEST IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN”. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 83/3 (Nov. 2024): 254-258. https://doi.org/10.26650/IUITFD.2019.0037



TIMELINE


Submitted13.05.2019
Accepted02.01.2020
Published Online29.06.2020

LICENCE


Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC)

This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon your work non-commercially, and although their new works must also acknowledge you and be non-commercial, they don’t have to license their derivative works on the same terms.


SHARE




Istanbul University Press aims to contribute to the dissemination of ever growing scientific knowledge through publication of high quality scientific journals and books in accordance with the international publishing standards and ethics. Istanbul University Press follows an open access, non-commercial, scholarly publishing.