Research Article


DOI :10.26650/JPLC2019-0002   IUP :10.26650/JPLC2019-0002    Full Text (PDF)

Partial Memory: Another Reason for using Large Lineups?

Avraham Levi

Introduction: The 48-person lineup has been found to decrease substantially mistaken identifications, with little cost to correct ones. The goal of this experiment was to increase correct identifications.

Purpose: Study 1 attempted to increase identifications in the 48-person lineup by omitting the warning that the target may not be in the lineup. Study 2 aimed at examining potential reasons why the attempt failed.

Method: In study 1 a 48-person lineup was shown, with or without the warning and with the target present or absent. In study 2 target-present lineups were shown, either a six-person or 48-person lineup. All were then asked to count the number of lineup members that they could discount as not being the target.

Results: Study 2 found that after discounting six-person lineups were left with 1 lineup member, in 48-person ones 8.3.no difference in the number of identifications between the two warning conditions. Six-person lineups yielded more identifications.

Conclusions: The results suggest that witnesses in 6-person lineups achieve more identifications by discounting lineup members and guessing from the remaining. Further research is suggested.

Keywords: Eyewitness identification, 48-person lineups, partial memory

DOI :10.26650/JPLC2019-0002   IUP :10.26650/JPLC2019-0002    Full Text (PDF)

Kısmi Hafıza: Kapsamlı Yüzleştirmeye Başvurulması için Bir Başka Neden mi?

Avraham Levi

Özet

PDF View

References

  • Robert Buckhout, ‘Eyewitness memory’ (1974) 231 Scientific American 23. google scholar
  • Steven E Clark, ‘A Re-examination of the Effects of Biased Lineup instructions in eyewitness identification’ (2005) 29 Law and Human Behavior 575. google scholar
  • Edward Conners, Thomas Lundregan, Neal Miller and Tom McEwen,. Convicted by juries, exonerated by science: Case studies in the use of DNA evidence to establish innocence after trial (U. S. Department of Justice 1996). google scholar
  • Stephen Darling, Tim Valentine, and Amina Memon, ‘Selection of lineup fillers in operational contexts’ (2008) 22 Applied Cognitive Psychology 159. google scholar
  • Anthony N Doob and Herschi M Kirshenbaum, ‘Bias in police lineups-partial remembering’ (1973) 1 Journal of Police Science and Administration, 287. google scholar
  • Avraham M Levi, ‘Are defendants guilty if they were chosen in a lineup?’ (1998) 22 Law and Human Behavior 389. google scholar
  • Avraham M Levi, ‘An Analysis of Multiple Choices in MSL Lineups, and a Comparison with Simultaneous and Sequential ones’ (2006a) 12 Psychology, Crime, & Law 273. google scholar
  • Avraham M Levi, ‘A Comparison Between Large Simultaneous and MSL Lineups, with Photos Viewed in Sets of Six’ In K Nixon (Ed.) Forensic recall and eyewitness testimony (A-IP Publishing 2006b). google scholar
  • Avraham M Levi, ‘Evidence for Moving to an 84-Person Photo Lineup’ (2007) Journal of Experimental Criminology 377. google scholar
  • Avraham M Levi, ‘Much Better than the Sequential lineup: A 120-person lineup’ (2012) 18 Psychology, Crime & Law 631. google scholar
  • Avraham M Levi, ‘When the relative judgment theory proved to be false’ (2015) 5 Psychology and Law 141. google scholar
  • Avraham M Levi, ‘Comparing the English Video Lineup with the 48-Person Lineup’ (2017) 5 Universal Journal of Psychology 239. google scholar
  • Roberto Cameron Lodge Lindsay and Gary L Wells, ‘Improving eyewitness identifications from lineups: Simultaneous versus sequential lineup presentation’ (1985) 70 Journal of Applied Psychology 556. google scholar
  • Clara Alison Elizabeth Luus and Gary L Wells, ‘Eyewitness identification and the selection of distracters for lineups’ (1991) 15 Law and Human Behavior 43. google scholar
  • Roy S Malpass and Patricia G Devine, ‘Eyewitnes identification: Lineup instructions and the absence of the offender’ (1981) 66 Journal of Applied Psychology 482. google scholar
  • Steven Penrod Eyewitness guessing and choosing (Sarmac Conference, Bethel College, Maine 2006). google scholar
  • Sean Pryke, RCL Lindsay, JE Dysart and P Dupuis, ‘Multiple independent identification decisions: A method of calibrating eyewitness identifications’ (2004) 89 Journal of Applied Psychology 73. google scholar
  • Barry Scheck, Peter Neufeld, and Jim Dwyer Actual innocence: When justice goes wrong and how to make it right (Signet 2001). google scholar
  • Nancy M Steblay, ‘Social influence in eyewitness recall: A meta-analytic review of lineup instruction effects’ (1997) 21 Law and Human Behavior 283. google scholar
  • The State of Israel v. Kedoshim, Tel Aviv District Court 40371 (2001) Tim Valentine, Alan Pickering, and Stephan Darling,’ Characteristics of eyewitness identification that predict the outcome of real lineups’ (2003) 17 Applied Cognitive Psychology 969. google scholar
  • Walpole, Ronald E. Introduction to Statistics (Macmillan 1968). google scholar
  • Gary L Wells, Mark Small, Steven Penrod, Roy S Malpass, Solomon M Fulero, and Clara Allison Elizabeth Brimacombe, ‘Eyewitness identification procedures: Recommendations for lineups and photospreads’ (1998) 22 Law and Human Behavior 603. google scholar
  • Gary L Wells, Andrew M Smith and Laura Smalarz, ‘ROC analysis of lineups obscures information that is critical for both theoretical understanding and applied purpose’ (2015) 4 Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition 324. google scholar

Citations

Copy and paste a formatted citation or use one of the options to export in your chosen format


EXPORT



APA

Levi, A. (2019). Partial Memory: Another Reason for using Large Lineups?. Journal of Penal Law and Criminology, 7(1), 53-65. https://doi.org/10.26650/JPLC2019-0002


AMA

Levi A. Partial Memory: Another Reason for using Large Lineups?. Journal of Penal Law and Criminology. 2019;7(1):53-65. https://doi.org/10.26650/JPLC2019-0002


ABNT

Levi, A. Partial Memory: Another Reason for using Large Lineups?. Journal of Penal Law and Criminology, [Publisher Location], v. 7, n. 1, p. 53-65, 2019.


Chicago: Author-Date Style

Levi, Avraham,. 2019. “Partial Memory: Another Reason for using Large Lineups?.” Journal of Penal Law and Criminology 7, no. 1: 53-65. https://doi.org/10.26650/JPLC2019-0002


Chicago: Humanities Style

Levi, Avraham,. Partial Memory: Another Reason for using Large Lineups?.” Journal of Penal Law and Criminology 7, no. 1 (Dec. 2024): 53-65. https://doi.org/10.26650/JPLC2019-0002


Harvard: Australian Style

Levi, A 2019, 'Partial Memory: Another Reason for using Large Lineups?', Journal of Penal Law and Criminology, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 53-65, viewed 23 Dec. 2024, https://doi.org/10.26650/JPLC2019-0002


Harvard: Author-Date Style

Levi, A. (2019) ‘Partial Memory: Another Reason for using Large Lineups?’, Journal of Penal Law and Criminology, 7(1), pp. 53-65. https://doi.org/10.26650/JPLC2019-0002 (23 Dec. 2024).


MLA

Levi, Avraham,. Partial Memory: Another Reason for using Large Lineups?.” Journal of Penal Law and Criminology, vol. 7, no. 1, 2019, pp. 53-65. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.26650/JPLC2019-0002


Vancouver

Levi A. Partial Memory: Another Reason for using Large Lineups?. Journal of Penal Law and Criminology [Internet]. 23 Dec. 2024 [cited 23 Dec. 2024];7(1):53-65. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26650/JPLC2019-0002 doi: 10.26650/JPLC2019-0002


ISNAD

Levi, Avraham. Partial Memory: Another Reason for using Large Lineups?”. Journal of Penal Law and Criminology 7/1 (Dec. 2024): 53-65. https://doi.org/10.26650/JPLC2019-0002



TIMELINE


Submitted04.09.2018
Last Revision08.01.2019
Accepted11.01.2019
Published Online30.04.2019

LICENCE


Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC)

This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon your work non-commercially, and although their new works must also acknowledge you and be non-commercial, they don’t have to license their derivative works on the same terms.


SHARE




Istanbul University Press aims to contribute to the dissemination of ever growing scientific knowledge through publication of high quality scientific journals and books in accordance with the international publishing standards and ethics. Istanbul University Press follows an open access, non-commercial, scholarly publishing.