References

• Adar, A. Ş., & Çelik, B. U. (2023). The relationship between international migration and Turkey’s welfare: An assessment on mass migration. Journal of Migration, 10(1), 101-118. https://doi.org/10.33182/gd.v10i1.826 google scholar
• Alğan, T. C., & Şensever, F. L. (2010). Hate crimes in the national press: 10 years, 10 examples. İstanbul: The Association of Social Change. google scholar
• Ataman, H. (2012). Hate speech and/or hate crimes. In Y. İnceoğlu (Ed.), Addressing hate crimes from different approaches: Hate crimes as an ethical, socio-political, and human rights problem (pp. 47-80). İstanbul. google scholar
• Bauböck, R. (2018). Democratic inclusion: Rainer Bauböck in dialog. Manchester University Press. google scholar
• Boswell, C. (2022). Migration and mobility: The politics of citizenship and integration in Europe. Oxford University Press. google scholar
• Brader, T., Valentino, N. A., & Suhay, E. (2008). What triggers public opposition to immigration? Anxiety, group cues, and immigration threat. American Journal of Political Science, 52(4), 959-978. google scholar
• Card, D. (2005). Is the new immigration really so bad? The Economic Journal, 115(507), 300-323. google scholar
• Çakı, A. (2018). The migration policy of Turkey from past to today and migration management in the context of Syrian immigrants. (Master’s Thesis). Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University. google scholar
• Çavuşoğlu, S. (2021a). The mediating role of green brand image and green brand loyalty in the relationship between greenwash and green purchase behavior. Journal of Business Research, 13(3), 2146-2161. google scholar
• Çavuşoğlu, S. (2021b). The effect of green advertising and green brand awareness on green customer satisfaction: The mediating role of green purchasing behavior. Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences, 20(3), 1355-1374. google scholar
• Çelik, H., & Ekşi, H. (2013). Discourse analysis. Marmara University Atatürk Education Faculty Journal of Educational Sciences, 27(27), 99-117. google scholar
• Dempster, H., & Hargrave, K. (2017). Understanding public attitudes toward refugees and migrants. Overseas Development Institute. google scholar
• Değirmenci, M. (2022). Evolution of immigration policies in Turkey from the late Ottoman Empire to the present. Ankara: Nobel Academic Publishing. google scholar
• Doğan, E. (2015). Hate speech in television news: Syrian refugees case study. (Unpublished Doctoral Thesis). İstanbul University, Institute of Social Sciences. google scholar
• Dustmann, C., Frattini, T., & Preston, I. (2013). The effect of immigration along the distribution of wages. Review of Economic Studies, 80(1), 145-173. https://doi.org/10.1093/restud/rds019 google scholar
• Eberl, J. M., Meltzer, C. E., Heidenreich, T., Herrero, B., Theorin, N., Lind, F., & Strömbäck, J. (2018). The European media discourse on immigration and its effects: A literature review. Annals of the International Communication Association, 42(3), 207-223. google scholar
• Ersoy, A. F., Aydıner Boylu, A., & Kılıç, C. (2019). The validity and reliability study of the Turkish version of the Negative Attitude Toward Immigrants Scale. Third Sector Social Economic Review, 54(4), 1827-1843. https://doi.org/10.15659/3.sektor-sosyal-ekonomi.19.12. 1230 google scholar
• Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50. google scholar
• Gagliardone, I., Gal, D., Alves, T., & Martinez, G. (2015). Countering online hate speech. UNESCO Publishing. google scholar
• Garson, G. D. (2016). Partial least squares: Regression & structural equation models. Statistical Publishing Associate. google scholar
• George, D., & Mallery, M. (2010). SPSS for Windows step by step: A simple guide and reference. Allyn & Bacon. google scholar
• Günay, G., Ersoy, A. F., Aydıner Boylu, A., & Kılıç, C. (2019). The validity and reliability study of the Turkish version of the Negative Attitude Toward Immigrants Scale. Third Sector Social Economic Review, 54(4), 1827-1843. https://doi.org/10.15659/3.sektor-sosyal- ekonomi.19.12.1230 google scholar
• Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2-24. google scholar
• Hainmueller, J., & Hopkins, D. J. (2014). Public attitudes toward immigration. Annual Review of Political Science, 17, 225-249. google scholar
• Iyengar, S., & Massey, D. S. (2012). Immigration and public opinion. Annual Review of Sociology, 38, 477-498. google scholar
• Kaiser, H. F. (1974). An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika, 39(1), 31-36. google scholar
• Massey, D. S., Arango, J., Hugo, G., Kouaouci, A., Pellegrino, A., & Taylor, J. E. (1993). Theories of international migration: A review and appraisal. Population and Development Review, 19(3), 431-466. google scholar
• Pérez, E. O. (2021). Political heuristics and the psychology of anti-immigrant attitudes. Cambridge University Press. google scholar
• Sides, J., & Citrin, J. (2007), European Opinion About Immigration: The Role of Identities, Interests and Information, British Journal of Political Science, 37, (3), 477-504 google scholar
• Sniderman, P. M., Hagendoorn, L., & Prior, M. (2004). Predisposing factors and situational triggers: Exclusionary reactions to immigrant minorities. American Political Science Review, 98(1), 35-49. https://doi.org/10.1017/S000305540400098X google scholar
• Şimşek, D. (2017). Migration policies and human security: A sample of Syrians in Turkey. Journal of Society and Science, 140, 6–10. google scholar
• Tecim, E., & Karakoyunlu, M. (2021). Migrant perception scale development, validity, and reliability. Journal of the Human and Social Science Researches, 10(3), 2832-2852. https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.957721 google scholar
• Tufekci, Z. (2018). Twitter and tear gas: The power and fragility of networked protest. Yale University Press. google scholar
• Turkish Language Society. (2023). Retrieved on November 30, 2023. google scholar
• Ural, A., & Kılıç, İ. (2005). Scientific research process and data analysis with SPSS. Detay Publishing, Ankara. google scholar
• Wodak, R. (2015). The politics of fear: What right-wing populist discourses mean. SAGE Publications. google scholar
• Yağan, E., & Akşit, B. (2019). Validity and reliability study of the attitude toward foreigners scale. International Journal of Eurasia Social Sciences, 10(37), 1008-1020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35826/ijoess.2602 google scholar

Citations