Projections of Global Events on Art Environments and Museums in Türkiye (Post 1980s)
Yaşar ÖzriliSince the 1980s, global events have taken place on Earth whose effects have lasted for many years and affected many cultures economically, philosophically, religiously, socially, and politically. Some mass events that developed since the 1980s have formed the agenda of the art and museum community. Social events are loaded with imaginary concepts for the arts and artists. The findings obtained from the analyzed subjects were selected from events that have made a great impact on the world and whose effects have lasted for many years. The arts and artists have tried to create social awareness by processing these events of great global importance. The aim of this article is to examine how art environments and museums in Türkiye were affected by global events after 1980, how the events were handled, and how this interaction was reflected in art production and exhibition. This study uses document analysis and the survey model, which are qualitative research methods. Some of the principles of museums and art environments involve contributing to creating social consciousness in the face of social conditions, movements, and contradictions of their own era; class relations and conflicts; and the religious, intellectual, economic, and political developments that result from these.
Küresel Olayların Türkiye’deki Sanat Ortamları ve Müzelerdeki İzdüşümleri (1980 Sonrası)
Yaşar Özrili1980 ve sonraki yıllarda yeryüzünde etkileri uzun yıllar devam eden ve birçok kültürü, ekonomik, felsefi, dini, sosyal, siyasal anlamda etkisi altına alan küresel hadiseler meydana gelmiştir. 1980’lerden itibaren gelişen bazı kitlesel olaylar sanat ve müze camiasının gündemini oluşturmuştur. Toplumsal olaylar, sanat ve sanatçı için imgesel kavramlarla yüklüdür. İncelenen konulardan elde edilen bulgular, dünyada büyük ses getiren etkileri uzun yıllar devam eden olaylardan seçilmiştir. Söz konusu küresel önemi büyük olaylar sanat ve sanatçılar tarafından işlenerek toplumsal farkındalık yaratılmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu makalenin amacı, 1980 sonrasında Türkiye’deki sanat ortamlarının ve müzelerin küresel olaylardan nasıl etkilendiğini, olayların nasıl ele alındığını ve bu etkileşimin sanat üretimine, sergilemeye nasıl yansıdığını incelemektir. Bu çalışmada nitel araştırma yönteminin tarama modeli doküman analizi kullanılmıştır. Kendi çağının toplumsal şartlarını, eğilimlerini ve çelişkilerini, sınıfsal münasebetleri, çatışmaları ve bunların neticesindeki fikri, düşünsel, ekonomik, siyasal ve inanca dair gelişmelere karşı sosyal bilinç oluşturmaya katkıda bulunmak müzelerin ve sanat ortamlarının ilkelerinden bazılarıdır.
Since the 1980s, global events have taken place on Earth whose effects have continued for many years and affected many cultures economically, philosophically, religiously, socially, and politically. Some mass events that have developed since the 1980s have formed the agenda of the art and museum community, because being nourished by rich experiences and environments is necessary for artistic production. Therefore, one of the most productive ways to do this involves the importance of interdisciplinary relations in art. Trying to understand life without experiencing the many branches of art, from literature, cinema, theater, philosophy, and music to caricatures, can produce fruitless results. Many museums and art galleries in Türkiye are in contact with global developments in the world. Art environments preserve collections and exhibitions according to their artistic functions. However, contemporary museums have been trying to create an agenda with the aim of raising social awareness and attracting attention by processing national and international developments using their artistic abilities. One of the most important breakthroughs of contemporary museums and artistic spaces is their undertaking of the mission to be spaces that aim to produce social benefit with their fresh views about society.
Museums interpret the cultural norms of the city they serve by sociologically filtering them in terms of individuals and the society. They are meeting places for art lovers and individuals from all walks of life and are also both physical and communication areas where social changes are discussed. As a result, museums are places that bring fresh air to the concepts of communication and social interaction theoretically and practically and are conceived as being mirrors of society. Museums have given direction to social events in certain ages. They have undertaken tasks on behalf of the people, sometimes regarding a manifesto and other times regarding how to build the world of the future. Museums have also involved the language of war, the legitimacy of partisan actions, and fantastically offensive slogans. In some societies, museums have even held positions radical enough to support acts of anarchy.
Works of art are largely affected by social, economic, and political factors and are shaped intellectually, socially, and financially as the product of their time. In this way, the 1980s are considered as a milestone in Türkiye, a time when some issues were seen in favor and against Türkiye. The most important of these is the 1980 Turkish coup d’état. This coup affected many financial, economic, political, and social areas, and art began to follow a different path after it. Trying to create a world civilization in the cultural field has caused countries to become alienated from their own cultures.
The mass events that emerged in the globalizing world have changed the fate of many societies, and their effects have continued for many years. The geographical, political, historical, religious, social, and economic effects of the events that took place since the 1980s regarding the history of humanity still continue today. The events that had wide repercussions have been attempted to be expressed using different combinations in the art world as well. The close relationship between art and social events have enabled mass issues to come into being with an aesthetic style. Social events can be likened to the fountain from which artists feed.
This study uses document analysis and the scanning method. The events mentioned in this study have had great global importance and been processed by the arts and artists to create social awareness. Some of the principles of museums and art environments involve contributing to creating social awareness toward the social conditions, currents and contradictions, class relations, and conflicts of their age, as well as the religious, intellectual, economic, and political developments that have resulted from these.
