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DOI :10.26650/SP2018-0033   IUP :10.26650/SP2018-0033    Full Text (PDF)

Examining the Effectiveness of a Romantic Relationship Skills Psychoeducation Program: A Pilot Study

Ahmet Togay, İrem Şahin, Meral Atıcı

The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of a psychoeducation program of romantic relationship skills developed for young adults. The effectiveness of the psychoeducation program was tested using quantitative and qualitative methods. A pre-test post-test control group semi-experimental design was used in the study. Additionally, a focus group interview was conducted with the participants after the intervention to test the long-term effectiveness of the program. The study group consisted of 24 university students (12 in the experimental group and 12 in the control group) who were studying in a Mediterranean university and who had been in a romantic relationship for at least six months. In order to test the effectiveness of the psychoeducation program, the relationship satisfaction of the participants was examined and the relationship satisfaction subscale of the Relationship Stability Scale was used in the pre-test and post-test measurements. There was no significant difference between the total scores for relationship satisfaction levels obtained from the repeated measurements of the experimental and control groups. However, there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test relationship satisfaction levels. The interaction effects of being in different treatment groups and the repeated measurement factors on relationship satisfaction were significant. Accordingly, it was determined that the participants in the experimental group experienced a significant increase in relationship satisfaction levels compared to the participants who did not receive this training in the control group. According to the findings of the focus group interview, it was observed that the positive development of the participants’ relationship satisfaction continued after the psychoeducation program. The participants stated that they saw a positive effect on their relationships thanks to the knowledge, skills and awareness they gained in areas such as communication, relationship beliefs, and expectations. The findings obtained in study showed that the psychoeducation program had achieved its aims.
Keywords: Romantic relationships, relationship satisfaction, psychoeducation program, pilot study, young adults
DOI :10.26650/SP2018-0033   IUP :10.26650/SP2018-0033    Full Text (PDF)

Romantik İlişki Becerileri Psikoeğitim Programının Etkinliğinin Sınanması: Bir Pilot Çalışma

Ahmet Togay, İrem Şahin, Meral Atıcı

Genç yetişkinlik, romantik ilişkilerin ön planda olduğu bir gelişimsel dönemdir ve bu dönemde sağlıklı romantik ilişkiler kurma konusunda genç yetişkinler çeşitli problemler yaşayabilmektedir. Bu araştırmada, genç yetişkin bireylere yönelik geliştirilen romantik ilişki becerileri psikoeğitim programının etkinliğinin sınanması hedeflenmiştir. Psikoeğitim programının etkinliğinin sınanması nicel ve nitel yolla gerçekleştirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmada ön test-son test kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel desen kullanılmıştır. Psikoeğitim programının etkinliğini nicel olarak test etmek için karma desen iki yönlü ANOVA testi kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca programın uzun süreli etkinliğini nitel olarak sınamak için müdahale sonrasında katılımcılarla odak grup görüşmesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma grubu, Akdeniz bölgesinde yer alan bir üniversitede öğrenim gören ve en az altı aydır devam eden bir romantik ilişkisi olan 24 (deney grubunda 12, kontrol grubunda 12) üniversite öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır. Psikoeğitim programının etkinliğini nicel olarak sınamak için katılımcıların ilişki doyumları incelenmiş ve bunun için ön test ve son test ölçümlerinde İlişki İstikrarı Ölçeği’nin ilişki doyumu alt ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Deney ve kontrol gruplarının tekrarlı ölçümlerinden elde edilen ilişki doyumu düzeylerine ilişkin toplam puanları arasında anlamlı bir fark olmadığı ancak gruplar içi ön test ve son test ilişki doyumu düzeylerine ilişkin puanlar arasında anlamlı bir fark olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, farklı işlem gruplarında olmak ile tekrarlı ölçümler faktörlerinin ilişki doyumu üzerindeki ortak etkilerinin anlamlı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Buna göre deney grubundaki katılımcıların, kontrol grubunda olup bu eğitimi almayan katılımcılara göre ilişki doyumu düzeylerinde anlamlı bir artış olduğunu belirlenmiştir. Odak grup görüşmesinden elde edilen bulgulara göre, psikoeğitim programından sonra katılımcıların ilişki doyumlarındaki olumlu gelişimin devam ettiği görülmüştür. Ayrıca katılımcılar iletişim, ilişki inançları, hedefe ulaşma ve beklentiler gibi konularda kazandıkları bilgi, beceri ve farkındalıkların ilişkilerini olumlu yönde etkilediğini ifade etmişlerdir. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen hem nicel hem de nitel bulgular psikoeğitim programının amacına ulaştığını göstermiştir.
Keywords: Romantik ilişkiler, ilişki doyumu, psikoeğitim programı, pilot çalışma, genç yetişkinler

EXTENDED ABSTRACT


In terms of development, young adulthood is a period in which romantic relations are at the forefront. Research has shown that university students experience problems with developing healthy romantic relationships and that these are serious problems for their lives (Erkan, Özbay, Cihangir-Çankaya, & Terzi, 2012; Gizir, 2005; Kılıç, 1995; Topkaya & Meydan, 2013; Yazıcı, 2003). The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of a psychoeducation program of romantic relationship skills developed for young adults. 

Method

Participants

The study group consisted of 24 young adults (12 young adults in the experimental group, 12 young adults in the control group) who were studying at a university located in the Mediterranean region. The study included students who had been in a romantic relationship for at least six months. Participants who had a general symptom average score of 1 or more points were excluded from the study according to the scores obtained from the Brief Symptom Inventory (Derogatis, 1992; Şahin & Durak, 1994). In addition, participants who had been subjected to physical violence by their partners, who had used physical violence against their partners, who lived together with their partners or had spent less than six months in a relationship were excluded from the study. 

Measures

The Brief Symptom Inventory (Derogatis, 1992; Şahin & Durak, 1994) was applied to individuals to check if they suffered any psychopathology. The Relationship Satisfaction Scale subdimension of Relationship Stability Scale (Büyükşahin, Hasta, & Hovardaoğlu, 2005; Rusbult, Martz, & Agnew, 1998) was used to determine the relationship satisfaction levels of the participants in the experimental and control groups. 

The intervention program

The Romantic Relationship Skills Psychoeducation Program consists of 8 sessions lasting 90 minutes each. The program consists of goal setting, self-recognition in romantic relationships, romantic relationship styles and stages, expectations and romantic beliefs, gender differences in romantic relationships, attachment and communication dimensions. 

Procedure

A pre-test post-test control group semi-experimental design was used in the study. The psychoeducation program was applied to the experimental group and no intervention was applied to the control group. At the beginning of the experimental process, the independent samples t-test was used to assess whether there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of relationship satisfaction. The two-factor mixed design ANOVA test was used to test the study’s hypotheses.

Results

According to the findings of the study, there was no significant difference between the total scores of the relationship satisfaction levels obtained from the between-group test for the experimental and control groups, F(1, 19) = 0.72, p > .05. However, it was found that there was a significant difference between the scores of intra-group pre-test post-test relationship satisfaction levels, F(1, 19) = 4.37, p < .05. It was also found that participants in the experimental and control groups showed a significant difference in the pre-test and post-test measurements of the levels of relationship satisfaction after the psychoeducation program. Thus, the interaction effect of being in different treatment groups and repeated measurement factors on the relationship satisfaction was significant, F(1, 19) = 35.06, p < .001. It was also determined that the common interaction of group (experiment-control) and repeated measurement (pre-test post-test) had a high influence (η2 = .65) on the relationship satisfaction scores. Accordingly, the change observed in the repeated (pre-test post-test) measures of participants’ level of relationship satisfaction was significantly different between the experimental and control groups. A focus group interview was conducted to investigate the post-intervention effects of the psychoeducation program on the participants in the experimental group and the findings of this interview data showed that these positive developments continued after the psychoeducation program.  

Discussion

According to our findings, the psychoeducation program had significant effects on relationship satisfaction levels of the individuals. The results obtained from this study concur with the findings of many previous examples of research, in which participants’ relationship satisfaction and quality increased through various intervention programs (Antle, Sullivan, Dryden, Karam, & Barbee, 2011; Carson, Carson, Gil, & Baucom, 2004; Futris, Sutton, & Richardson, 2013; Griffin & Apostal, 1993; Larson, Vatter, Galbraith, Holman, & Stahmann, 2007; Ledermann, Bodenmann, & Cina, 2007; Long, Angera, Carter, Nakamoto, & Kelso, 1999; Parish, 1992; Worthington et al., 1997). There are some limitations to this study. Concerning the matter of gender, the number of male members in both groups was quite low and this is a concern in terms of adequacy of evaluation. The participants in the study were all students studying in an undergraduate program in the department of counseling and guidance at university. In future studies, working with participants from different undergraduate programs might provide richer evidence for the effectiveness of the program. It is also believed that conducting similar research with controls on the possible confounding variables which can affect relationship satisfaction might increase the significance of the results obtained.


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Citations

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APA

Togay, A., Şahin, İ., & Atıcı, M. (2019). Examining the Effectiveness of a Romantic Relationship Skills Psychoeducation Program: A Pilot Study. Studies in Psychology, 39(1), 121-149. https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2018-0033


AMA

Togay A, Şahin İ, Atıcı M. Examining the Effectiveness of a Romantic Relationship Skills Psychoeducation Program: A Pilot Study. Studies in Psychology. 2019;39(1):121-149. https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2018-0033


ABNT

Togay, A.; Şahin, İ.; Atıcı, M. Examining the Effectiveness of a Romantic Relationship Skills Psychoeducation Program: A Pilot Study. Studies in Psychology, [Publisher Location], v. 39, n. 1, p. 121-149, 2019.


Chicago: Author-Date Style

Togay, Ahmet, and İrem Şahin and Meral Atıcı. 2019. “Examining the Effectiveness of a Romantic Relationship Skills Psychoeducation Program: A Pilot Study.” Studies in Psychology 39, no. 1: 121-149. https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2018-0033


Chicago: Humanities Style

Togay, Ahmet, and İrem Şahin and Meral Atıcı. “Examining the Effectiveness of a Romantic Relationship Skills Psychoeducation Program: A Pilot Study.” Studies in Psychology 39, no. 1 (Jun. 2024): 121-149. https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2018-0033


Harvard: Australian Style

Togay, A & Şahin, İ & Atıcı, M 2019, 'Examining the Effectiveness of a Romantic Relationship Skills Psychoeducation Program: A Pilot Study', Studies in Psychology, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 121-149, viewed 26 Jun. 2024, https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2018-0033


Harvard: Author-Date Style

Togay, A. and Şahin, İ. and Atıcı, M. (2019) ‘Examining the Effectiveness of a Romantic Relationship Skills Psychoeducation Program: A Pilot Study’, Studies in Psychology, 39(1), pp. 121-149. https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2018-0033 (26 Jun. 2024).


MLA

Togay, Ahmet, and İrem Şahin and Meral Atıcı. “Examining the Effectiveness of a Romantic Relationship Skills Psychoeducation Program: A Pilot Study.” Studies in Psychology, vol. 39, no. 1, 2019, pp. 121-149. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2018-0033


Vancouver

Togay A, Şahin İ, Atıcı M. Examining the Effectiveness of a Romantic Relationship Skills Psychoeducation Program: A Pilot Study. Studies in Psychology [Internet]. 26 Jun. 2024 [cited 26 Jun. 2024];39(1):121-149. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2018-0033 doi: 10.26650/SP2018-0033


ISNAD

Togay, Ahmet - Şahin, İrem - Atıcı, Meral. “Examining the Effectiveness of a Romantic Relationship Skills Psychoeducation Program: A Pilot Study”. Studies in Psychology 39/1 (Jun. 2024): 121-149. https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2018-0033



TIMELINE


Submitted05.11.2018
First Revision05.01.2019
Last Revision14.04.2019
Accepted20.04.2019
Published Online24.06.2019

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