Müfit

Prof.

Ehab

The Silent City Hunters: Exploring Shrews through Stray Cats (Felis catus) in Urban Ecosystems in Jordan

Beyza

Nazmiye

Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oils for Potential Use as Wound Dressing Material Additives

Özcan

Ali Serhan

Çiğdem

Fish Fauna and Fishery Evaluation of Sapanca Lake

Yağmur

Tuğba

Tuncay

Emin

Sevan

Occurrence of the Non-Native Pumpkinseed Lepomis gibbosus in a Reservoir of the Karamenderes Basin (Çanakkale, Türkiye)

@JOURNAL_BOX_CURRENT

@JOURNAL_BOX_EARLYVIEW

Ayşe Didem

Turkey’s First Zoologist Prof. Dr. Fahire Battalgazi’s Short But Fruitful Academic

Kemal

Private Seashells Collection in Istanbul

@JOURNAL_BOX_FEATURED

Length, Weight and Age Characteristics of Chub [Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758)] in the Istranca Brook (İstanbul)

Gülşah

Assoc. Prof.

The Freshwater Fish Fauna of İstanbul Province (Turkey)

@JOURNAL_BOX_MOSTREAD

Turkish Journal of Bioscience and Collections is an international, scientific, open access periodical published in accordance with independent, unbiased, and double-blinded peer-review principles. The journal is the official publication of Center for Research and Practice in Natural Riches in Istanbul University and it is published biannually on February and August. Turkish Journal of Bioscience and Collections was published first time in August 2017. The journal has been published two issues in a volume since 2018. The publication languages of the journal are English and Turkish.

CABI

EBSCO

Zoological Record

CAB Abstracts

DOAJ

Gale Cengage

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@METRIC_OPENACCESS

Turkish Journal of Bioscience and Collections

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Editor in Chief

Co Editor in Chief

Editorial Management Member

Ethics Editor

Editorial Assistant

Publicity Manager

English Language Editor

Editorial Board Member

@INFO_TAB_BOARDS

Turkish Journal of Bioscience and Collections aims to contribute to the literature by publishing manuscripts at the highest scientific level on all fields of bioloscience. The journal publishes original research and review articles, and short communications that are prepared in accordance with the ethical guidelines in all fields of biology and life sciences.Turkish Journal of Bioscience and Collections includes peer reviewed articles about to natural science collections (catalog list, care, use, transport, news) in particular. We encourage papers from all those working with or researching these collections. Articles written about natural biological richness (fauna and flora studies) are also accepted.

Aim and Scope

CAB Abstracts CABI Global Health Database Directory of Open Access Journals - DOAJZoological RecordEBSCO Central &amp; Eastern European Academic SourceEBSCO Academic Search Ultimate Gale Cengage

Indexing and Abstracting

The journal is committed to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics and pays regard to Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing published by the <a href="https://publicationethics.org/" target="_blank">Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)</a>, the <a href="https://doaj.org/apply/transparency/#principles-of-transparency-and-best-practice-in-scholarly-publishing" target="_blank">Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)</a>, the <a href="https://oaspa.org/" target="_blank">Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA)</a>, and the <a href="https://www.wame.org/" target="_blank">World Association of Medical Editors (WAME)</a> on <a href="https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-best-practice-scholarly-publishing" target="_blank">https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-best-practice-scholarly-publishing</a> The subjects covered in the manuscripts submitted to the Journal for publication must be in accordance with the aim and scope of the Journal. Only those manuscripts approved by every individual author and that were not published before in or sent to another journal, are accepted for evaluation.Changing the name of an author (omission, addition or order) in papers submitted to the Journal requires written permission of all declared authors.Plagiarism, duplication, fraud authorship/denied authorship, research/data fabrication, salami slicing/salami publication, breaching of copyrights, prevailing conflict of interest are unethical behaviors. All manuscripts not in accordance with the accepted ethical standards will be removed from the publication. This also contains any possible malpractice discovered after the publication. Plagiarism Submitted manuscripts that pass preliminary control are scanned for plagiarism using iThenticate software. If plagiarism/self-plagiarism will be found authors will be informed. Editors may resubmit manuscript for similarity check at any peer-review or production stage if required. High similarity scores may lead to rejection of a manuscript before and even after acceptance. Depending on the type of article and the percentage of similarity score taken from each article, the overall similarity score is generally expected to be less than 15 or 20%. Double Blind Peer-Review After plagiarism check, the eligible ones are evaluated by the editors-in-chief for their originality, methodology, the importance of the subject covered and compliance with the journal scope. The editor provides a fair double-blind peer review of the submitted articles and hands over the papers matching the formal rules to at least two national/international referees for evaluation and gives green light for publication upon modification by the authors in accordance with the referees’ claims.

Policies

The journal is an open access journal and all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Except for commercial purposes, users are allowed to read, download, copy, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the <a href="https://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read" target="_blank">BOAI</a> definition of open access.The open access articles in the journal are licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/deed.en" target="_blank">CC BY-NC 4.0</a>) license.

All expenses of the journal are covered by the Istanbul University. Processing and publication are free of charge with the journal. There is no article processing charges or submission fees for any submitted or accepted articles.

Authors publishing with the journal retain the copyright to their work licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International license (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" target="_blank">CC BY-NC 4.0</a>) (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/</a> ) and grant the Publisher non-exclusive commercial right to publish the work. CC BY-NC 4.0 license permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Editor should consider publishing correction if minor errors that do not effect the results, interpretations and conclusions of the published paper are detected. Editor should consider retraction if major errors and/or misconduction that invalidate results and conclusions are detected.Editor should consider issuing an expression of concern if there is evidence of research or publication misconduct by the authors; there is evidence that the findings are not reliable and institutions of the authors do not investigate the case or the possible investigation seems to be unfair or nonconclusive. The guidelines of <a href="https://publicationethics.org/resources/flowcharts/complete-set-english" target="_blank">COPE</a> and <a href="https://www.icmje.org/recommendations/" target="_blank">ICJME</a> are taken into consideration regarding correction, retractions or expression of concern.RetractionJournal follows <a href="https://publicationethics.org/sites/default/files/retraction-guidelines-cope.pdf" target="_blank">COPE’s Retraction Guidelines</a> in case of retraction. The editor has the right to retract an article if: <ul><li>There is clear evidence that the findings are unreliable; either as a result of a major error (e.g. miscalculation or experimental error), or as a result of fabrication (e.g. of data) or falsification (e.g. image manipulation).</li><li>It contains plagiarised content. </li><li>It has been published elsewhere without proper attribution. </li><li>It contains material or data without authorisation for use.</li><li>There is copyright infringement or there is some other serious legal issue.</li><li>It reports unethical research. </li><li>There is evidence that the peer-review process is compromised or manipulated.</li><li>The author(s) failed to disclose a significant competing interest (also known as a conflict of interest) that, in the opinion of the editor, would have unduly influenced the interpretation of the work or the recommendations of the editors and peer reviewers.</li></ul>In case of retraction the following steps are followed:<ul><li>Retraction notice including article title is published in a subsequent issue of the journal. The retraction notice is paginated and listed in the table of contents. </li><li>A link is provided between the retraction notice and the original article in the electronic version. </li><li>The online article is preceded by a page containing the retraction notice; the reader can then proceed to the article itself.</li><li>The original article remains unchanged, except for a watermark on the .pdf on each page stating that it has been &#34;retracted”.</li></ul>Article Removal for Legal ReasonsIn the following circumstances, except the metadata (title and authors), the text of the article is removed and a page informing that the article has been removed for legal reasons replaces the article. <ul><li>The article is found to be defamatory or to infringe the legal rights of others, and retraction is not deemed to be an adequate solution.</li><li>The article has been, or is reasonably likely to be the subject of a court order.</li><li>There is a significant risk to public health. </li></ul>

To guarantee that all papers published in the journal are maintained and permanently accessible, articles are stored in Dergipark which serves as a  national archival web site and at the same time permits LOCKSS to  collect, preserve, and serve the content.Additionally, authors are encouraged to self-archive the final PDF version of their articles in open electronic archives with  that conform to standards of Open Archives Initiative (<a href="https://www.openarchives.org/" target="_blank">https://www.openarchives.org/</a>). Authors should provide a link from the deposited version to the URL of IUPress journal website.

Turkish Journal of Bioscience and Collections is committed to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics and pays regard to Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing published by the <a href="https://publicationethics.org/" target="_blank">Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)</a>, the <a href="https://doaj.org/apply/transparency/#principles-of-transparency-and-best-practice-in-scholarly-publishing" target="_blank">Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)</a>, the <a href="https://oaspa.org/" target="_blank">Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA)</a>, and the <a href="https://www.wame.org/" target="_blank">World Association of Medical Editors (WAME)</a> on <a href="https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-best-practice-scholarly-publishing" target="_blank">https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-best-practice-scholarly-publishing</a>All parties involved in the publishing process (Editors, Reviewers, Authors and Publishers) are expected to agree on the following ethical principles.All submissions must be original, unpublished (including as full text in conference proceedings), and not under the review of any other publication synchronously. Each manuscript is reviewed by one of the editors and at least two referees under double-blind peer review process. Plagiarism, duplication, fraud authorship/denied authorship, research/data fabrication, salami slicing/salami publication, breaching of copyrights, prevailing conflict of interest are unnethical behaviors.All manuscripts not in accordance with the accepted ethical standards will be removed from the publication. This also contains any possible malpractice discovered after the publication. In accordance with the code of conduct we will report any cases of suspected plagiarism or duplicate publishing.

Ethics

The journal adheres to the highest standards in research ethics and follows the principles of international research ethics as defined below. The authors are responsible for the compliance of the manuscripts with the ethical rules. - Principles of integrity, quality and transparency should be sustained in designing the research, reviewing the design and conducting the research. - The research team and participants should be fully informed about the aim, methods, possible uses and requirements of the research and risks of participation in research. - The confidentiality of the information provided by the research participants and the confidentiality of the respondents should be ensured. The research should be designed to protect the autonomy and dignity of the participants. - Research participants should participate in the research voluntarily, not under any coercion. - Any possible harm to participants must be avoided. The research should be planned in such a way that the participants are not at risk. - The independence of research must be clear; and any conflict of interest or must be disclosed. - In experimental studies with human subjects, written informed consent of the participants who decide to participate in the research must be obtained. In the case of children and those under wardship or with confirmed insanity, legal custodian’s assent must be obtained. - If the study is to be carried out in any institution or organization, approval must be obtained from this institution or organization. - In studies with human subject, it must be noted in the method’s section of the manuscript that the informed consent of the participants and ethics committee approval from the institution where the study has been conducted have been obtained.- For studies carried out on animals, the measures taken to prevent pain and suffering of the animals should be stated clearly.

The Journal takes as principle to comply with the ethical standards of <a href="https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethical-principles-for-medical-research-involving-human-subjects/" target="_blank">World Medical Association (WMA) Declaration of Helsinki – Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects</a> and <a href="https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-statement-on-animal-use-in-biomedical-research/" target="_blank">WMA Statement on Animal Use in Biomedical Research</a>.An approval of research protocols by the Ethics Committee in accordance with international standards mentioned above is required for experimental, clinical, and drug studies and for some case reports. If required, ethics committee reports or an equivalent official document will be requested from the authors. For manuscripts concerning experimental research on humans, a statement should be included that shows that written informed consent of patients and volunteers was obtained following a detailed explanation of the procedures that they may undergo. Information on patient consent, the name of the ethics committee, and the ethics committee approval number should also be stated in the Materials and Methods section of the manuscript. It is the authors’ responsibility to carefully protect the patients’ anonymity. For photographs that may reveal the identity of the patients, signed releases of the patient or of their legal representative should be enclosed.  The authors are responsible for conducting experimental and clinical studies on animal experiments within the framework of existing international legislation on animal rights. Authors must also obtain permission from the Animal Experiment Ethics Committees and provide relevant information in the Material and Method section to experiment with animals. Author(s) are required to prepare manuscripts in accordance with <a href="https://arriveguidelines.org/" target="_blank">ARRIVE</a> guidelines for experimental animal studies.

Experimental research on either cultivated or wild plants, including collection of plant material must follow international principles and guidelines. The journal advises authors to comply with with the <a href="http://www.cbd.int/convention/" target="_blank">Convention on Biological Diversity</a>, <a href="http://www.cites.org/" target="_blank">Convention on the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora</a> and <a href="https://www.iucn.org/resources/commission-statement/iucn-commission-statement-research-involving-species-risk-extinction" target="_blank">IUCN Commission Statement on Research Involving Species at Risk of Extinction</a>In accordance with the Environmental Law and the Convention on Biodiversity, the Permit Certificate required for the collection of all kinds of biological materials (plants, animals, microorganisms, etc.) or samples containing biological materials from nature throughout Turkey obtained from the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, General Directorate of Nature Conservation and National Parks must be acquired. The journal recommends following these rules.Collection of research materials from nature for scientific research for flower bulbs, whose collection, production, harvest and export from nature are subject to quota, is subject to the permission of the Ministry. The permit must be obtained from the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, General Directorate of Plant Production (BÜGEM). To collect “Plant Genetic Resources”; Permission from BÜGEM is not sufficient. In accordance with the Environmental Law and the Convention on Biodiversity; a permit must also be obtained from the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, General Directorate of Nature Conservation and National Parks.  In case of entering forest, national park, wetland, conservation area etc to  collect “Plant Genetic Resources”;  the required permit document(s) for these areas must be obtained separately. The journal recommends following these rules.

It is authors’ responsibility to ensure that the article is in accordance with scientific and ethical standards and rules. And authors must ensure that submitted work is original. They must certify that the manuscript has not previously been published elsewhere or is not currently being considered for publication elsewhere, in any language. Applicable copyright laws and conventions must be followed. Copyright material (e.g. tables, figures or extensive quotations) must be reproduced only with appropriate permission and acknowledgement. Any work or words of other authors, contributors, or sources must be appropriately credited and referenced. All the authors of a submitted manuscript must have direct scientific and academic contribution to the manuscript. The author(s) of the original research articles is defined as a person who is significantly involved in “conceptualization and design of the study”, “collecting the data”, “analyzing the data”, “writing the manuscript”, “reviewing the manuscript with a critical perspective” and “planning/conducting the study of the manuscript and/or revising it”. Fund raising, data collection or supervision of the research group are not sufficient roles to be accepted as an author. The author(s) must meet all these criteria described above. The order of names in the author list of an article must be a co-decision and it must be indicated in the <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/BC59DAF9CF4D42FAADA9A698352FA61C" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form</a>. The individuals who do not meet the authorship criteria but contributed to the study must take place in the acknowledgement section. Individuals providing technical support, assisting writing, providing a general support, providing material or financial support are examples to be indicated in acknowledgement section.All authors must disclose all issues concerning financial relationship, conflict of interest, and competing interest that may potentially influence the results of the research or scientific judgment. When an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in his/her own published paper, it is the author’s obligation to promptly cooperate with the Editor to provide retractions or corrections of mistakes.

Editor-in-Chief evaluates manuscripts for their scientific content without regard to ethnic origin, gender, sexual orientation, citizenship, religious belief or political philosophy of the authors. He/She provides a fair double-blind peer review of the submitted articles for publication and ensures that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential before publishing.Editor-in-Chief is responsible for the contents and overall quality of the publication. He/She must publish errata pages or make corrections when needed.Editor-in-Chief does not allow any conflicts of interest between the authors, editors and reviewers. Only he has the full authority to assign a reviewer and is responsible for final decision for publication of the manuscripts in the Journal.Reviewers must have no conflict of interest with respect to the research, the authors and/or the research funders. Their judgments must be objective.Reviewers must ensure that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential and must report to the editor if they are aware of copyright infringement and plagiarism on the author’s side.A reviewer who feels unqualified to review the topic of a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse himself from the review process.The editor informs the reviewers that the manuscripts are confidential information and that this is a privileged interaction. The reviewers and editorial board cannot discuss the manuscripts with other persons. The anonymity of the referees must be ensured. In particular situations, the editor may share the review of one reviewer with other reviewers to clarify a particular point.

Only those manuscripts approved by its every individual author and that were not published before in or sent to another journal, are accepted for evaluation.Submitted manuscripts that pass preliminary control are scanned for plagiarism using iThenticate software. After plagiarism check, the eligible ones are evaluated by editor-in-chief for their originality, methodology, the importance of the subject covered and compliance with the journal scope. The selected manuscripts are sent to at least two national/international referees for evaluation and publication decision is given by editor-in-chief  upon modification by the authors in accordance with the referees’ claims.Editor-in-Chief evaluates manuscripts for their scientific content without regard to ethnic origin, gender, sexual orientation, citizenship, religious belief or political philosophy of the authors. He/She provides a fair double-blind peer review of the submitted articles for publication and ensures that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential before publishing. Editor-in-Chief is responsible for the contents and overall quality of the publication. He/She must publish errata pages or make corrections when needed. Editor-in-Chief does not allow any conflicts of interest between the authors, editors and reviewers. Only he has the full authority to assign a reviewer and is responsible for final decision for publication of the manuscripts in the Journal. Reviewers must have no conflict of interest with respect to the research, the authors and/or the research funders. Their judgments must be objective. Reviewers must ensure that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential and must report to the editor if they are aware of copyright infringement and plagiarism on the author’s side. A reviewer who feels unqualified to review the topic of a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse himself from the review process. The editor informs the reviewers that the manuscripts are confidential information and that this is a privileged interaction. The reviewers and editorial board cannot discuss the manuscripts with other persons. The anonymity of the referees must be ensured. In particular situations, the editor may share the review of one reviewer with other reviewers to clarify a particular point.

Peer Review

<ul><li>Only those manuscripts approved by its every individual author and that were not published before in or sent to another journal, are accepted for evaluation.</li><li>Submitted manuscripts that pass preliminary control are scanned for plagiarism using iThenticate software. </li><li>After plagiarism check, the eligible ones are evaluated by Editor-in-Chief for their originality, methodology, the importance of the subject covered and compliance with the journal scope. </li><li>Editor-in-Chief evaluates manuscripts for their scientific content without regard to ethnic origin, gender, sexual orientation, citizenship, religious belief or political philosophy of the authors and ensures a fair double-blind peer review of the selected manuscripts.</li><li>The selected manuscripts are sent to at least two national/international referees for evaluation.</li><li>Publication decision is given by Editor-in-Chief upon modification by the authors in accordance with the referees’ claims.</li><li>Editor-in-Chief does not allow any conflicts of interest between the authors, editors and reviewers and is responsible for final decision for publication of the manuscripts in the Journal.</li><li>Reviewers’ judgments must be objective. Reviewers’ comments on the following aspects are expected while conducting the review.</li></ul><ul><li>Does the manuscript contain new and significant information?<ul><li>Does the abstract clearly and accurately describe the content of the manuscript?</li><li>Is the problem significant and concisely stated?</li><li>Are the methods described comprehensively?</li><li>Are the interpretations and consclusions justified by the results?</li><li>Is adequate references made to other Works in the field?</li><li>Is the language acceptable?</li></ul></li></ul><ul><li>Reviewers must ensure that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential and must report to the editor if they are aware of copyright infringement and plagiarism on the author’s side.</li><li>A reviewer who feels unqualified to review the topic of a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse himself from the review process.</li><li>The editor informs the reviewers that the manuscripts are confidential information and that this is a privileged interaction. </li><li>The reviewers and editorial board cannot discuss the manuscripts with other persons. </li><li>The anonymity of the referees is important.</li></ul>

LanguageThe language of the journal is both Turkish and English.Manuscript Organization and SubmissionAll correspondence will be sent to the first-named author unless otherwise specified. Manuscpript is to be submitted online via <a href="https://dergipark.org.tr/tjbc" target="_blank">https://dergipark.org.tr/tjbc</a> and it must be accompanied by a cover letter indicating that the manuscript is intended for publication, specifying the article category (i.e. research article, review etc.) and including information about the manuscript (see the Submission Checklist). Manuscripts should be prepared in Microsoft Word 2003 and upper versions. In addition, <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/BC59DAF9CF4D42FAADA9A698352FA61C" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form</a> that has to be signed by all authors must be submitted.1. Manuscripts should be submitted in Times New Roman font (size 11 pt). In writing of systematic papers, the International Codes of Zoological and Botanical Nomenclature must be strictly followed. The first mention in the text of any taxon must be followed by its authority including the year. The names of genera and species should be given in italics.2. The manuscripts should contain mainly these components: title, abstract, keywords and body text. Body text should include the following sections: Introduction, Material and Methods, Results, Discussion, Grant Support (if any), Conflict of Interest (if any), Acknowledgement (if any), References [for Turkish articles Giriş, Materyal ve Yöntem, Bulgular, Tartışma ve Sonuç, Finansal Destek (eğer varsa), Çıkar Çatışması (eğer varsa), Teşekkür (eğer varsa), Kaynaklar] For descriptive articles, this structure might not be appropriate. Please use concise headings that fit best.3. Pages should be numbered.4. Submitted manuscripts must have an abstract of 250-350 words before the introduction section. Manuscripts in Turkish must include abstract both in Turkish and English. Underneath the abstracts, 4 to 5 keywords that inform the reader about the content of the study should be specified in Turkish and in English. If the manuscript is in English, it must include an abstract only in English. Original articles must have a structured abstract with subheadings (Objective, Materials and Methods, Results, and Conclusion). Abstracts of Short Communications and Reviews should be unstructured.5. The <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/BA0D489DE2784E6EBDAEEC459292274A" target="_blank">title page</a> must be submitted together with the manuscript and it should include: manuscript title, running title and suggested two reviewers besides the author information as follows: the name(s), title(s), affiliation(s), e-mail address(es), postal address(es) including city and country, ORCID(s), telephone numbers of the authors and the corresponding author (see The Submission Checklist).6. Tables should be numbered and cited in the text, for example: Table 1 (in Turkish Tablo 1). All tables should have a caption above the table ending to a “.”. All tables should be inserted at the end on main text. The authors can indicate the insertion place of tables in the text by putting the table's number in the bracket, for example [Table 1]. Tables must be self-explanatory, contain synthesized data, and not exceed A4 size. Data shown on graphs should not be repeated in tables and vice versa.7. All figures should have a caption below the figure ending to a “.” Figures should be cited in the text, for example: (Figure 1) (in Turkish Şekil 1). The font of the graphs or any text on the figures should be Times New Roman. Size of the text on graphs and illustrations should be 10 pt. Submitted manuscripts should have figures should be inserted at the end of the text after tables. Figures can be submitted separately. If figures are going to be submitted separately, prepare them with the following format (with a resolution no less than 300 dpi) and determine their locations in the paper: For vector graphics, EPS For halftones, TIFF format. The resolution of photographs must be 300 dpi at print size (original extension: jpg or tif). Line art pictures (tif extension) must be done electronically (not scanned) and their resolution must be 600 dpi at print size. The authors can indicate the insertion place of figures in the text by putting the figures' number in the bracket, for example [Figure 1].8. Authors are responsible for all statements made in their work submitted to the Journal for publication.9. The author(s) can be asked to make some changes in their articles due to peer reviews.

Author Guidelines

Although references to review articles can be an efficient way to guide readers to a body of literature, review articles do not always reflect original work accurately. Readers should therefore be provided with direct references to original research sources whenever possible. On the other hand, extensive lists of references to original work on a topic can use excessive space on the printed page. Small numbers of references to key original papers often serve as well as more exhaustive lists, particularly since references can now be added to the electronic version of published papers, and since electronic literature searching allows readers to retrieve published literature efficiently. Papers accepted but not yet included in the issue are published online in the Early View section and they should be cited as “advance online publication”. Citing a “personal communication” should be avoided unless it provides essential information not available from a public source, in which case the name of the person and date of communication should be cited in parentheses in the text. For scientific articles, written permission and confirmation of accuracy from the source of a personal communication must be obtained.&#65279; Reference Style and FormatCitations in the Text Citations must be indicated with the author surname and publication year within the parenthesis. If more than one citation is made within the same paranthesis, separate them with (;).Samples: More than one citation; (Esin et al., 2002; Karasar, 1995) Citation with one author; (Akyolcu, 2007) Citation with two authors; (Sayıner &amp; Demirci, 2007) Citation with more than two authors; (Çavdar et al., 2003) In Turkish article More than one citation; (Esin vd., 2002; Karasar, 1995) Citation with one author; (Akyolcu, 2007) Citation with two authors; (Sayıner &amp; Demirci, 2007) Citation with more than two authors; (Çavdar vd., 2003) Citations in the Reference All the citations done in the text should be listed in the References section in alphabetical order of author surname without numbering. Below given examples should be considered in citing the references. Basic Reference Types Book a) Turkish Book Karasar, N. (1995). Araştırmalarda rapor hazırlama (8th ed.). Ankara, Turkey: 3A Eğitim Danışmanlık Ltd. b) Book Translated into Turkish Mucchielli, A. (1991). Zihniyetler [Mindsets] (A. Kotil, Trans.). İstanbul, Turkey: İletişim Yayınları. c) Edited Book Ören, T., Üney, T. &amp; Çölkesen, R. (Eds.) (2006). Türkiye bilişim ansiklopedisi. İstanbul, Turkey: Papatya Yayıncılık. d) Turkish Book with Multiple Authors Tonta, Y., Bitirim, Y. &amp; Sever, H. (2002). Türkçe arama motorlarında performans değerlendirme. Ankara, Turkey: Total Bilişim. e) Book in English Kamien R. &amp; Kamien A. (2014). Music: An appreciation. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education. f) Chapter in an Edited Book Bassett, C. (2006). Cultural studies and new media. In G. Hall &amp; C. Birchall (Eds.), New cultural studies: Adventures in theory (pp. 220–237). Edinburgh, UK: Edinburgh University Press. g) Chapter in an Edited Book in Turkish Erkmen, T. (2012). Örgüt kültürü: Fonksiyonları, öğeleri, işletme yönetimi ve liderlikteki önemi. In M. Zencirkıran (Ed.), Örgüt sosyolojisi (pp. 233–263). Bursa, Turkey: Dora Basım Yayın.Article a) Article de Cillia, R., Reisigl, M. &amp; Wodak, R. (1999). The discursive construction of national identity. Discourse and Society, 10(2), 149–173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957926599010002002Doctoral Dissertation, Master’s Thesis a) Dissertation/Thesis Le Goff, G. 2011. Benefits of aggregation in Tetranychus urticae (Doctoral dissertation). Catholic University of Louvain, Faculty of Sciences, Biodiversity Research Centre, Earth and Life Institute.b) Dissertation/Thesis from a Commercial Database Van Brunt, D. (1997). Networked consumer health information systems (Doctoral dissertation). Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 9943436) c) Dissertation/Thesis from an Institutional Database Yaylalı-Yıldız, B. (2014). University campuses as places of potential publicness: Exploring the politicals, social and cultural practices in Ege University (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from: <a href="http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tr/hizli-erisim/iyte-tez-portali">http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tr/hizli-erisim/iyte-tez-portali</a>Presentation, Proceedinga) Symposium Contribution Krinsky-McHale, S. J., Zigman, W. B. &amp; Silverman, W. (2012, August). Are neuropsychiatric symptoms markers of prodromal Alzheimer’s disease in adults with Down syndrome? In W. B. Zigman (Chair), Predictors of mild cognitive impairment, dementia, and mortality in adults with Down syndrome. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, Orlando, FL. b) Conference Paper Abstract Retrieved Online Liu, S. (2005, May). Defending against business crises with the help of intelligent agent based early warning solutions. Paper presented at the Seventh International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems, Miami, FL. Abstract retrieved from http://www.iceis.org/iceis2005/abstracts_2005.htm c) Conference Paper - In Regularly Published Proceedings and Retrieved Online Herculano-Houzel, S., Collins, C. E., Wong, P., Kaas, J. H. &amp; Lent, R. (2008). The basic nonuniformity of the cerebral cortex. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105, 12593–12598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0805417105 d) Proceeding in Book Form Parsons, O. A., Pryzwansky, W. B., Weinstein, D. J. &amp; Wiens, A. N. (1995). Taxonomy for psychology. In J. N. Reich, H. Sands, &amp; A. N. Wiens (Eds.), Education and training beyond the doctoral degree: Proceedings of the American Psychological Association National Conference on Postdoctoral Education and Training in Psychology (pp. 45–50). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. e) Paper Presentation Nguyen, C. A. (2012, August). Humor and deception in advertising: When laughter may not be the best medicine. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, Orlando, FL.

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Issue Type	Regular
Editor(s)	Müfit Özuluğ

Turkish Journal of Bioscience and Collections

VOLUME 9, ISSUE 1, 2025

METRICS