Psikososyal Yaklaşım: Kroni̇k Hastalığı Olan Çocuk ve Ai̇le

Ali Karayağmurlu, Elif Karayağmurlu, M. Furkan Erbay

Kronik hastalıklar; çocuk ve ergenin ev ve okul rutinlerinin bozulmasına neden olan, bir uzman tarafından takip ve tedavi gerektiren, çoğunlukla düzenli ilaç kullanım gerekliliği olan herhangi bir fiziksel veya zihinsel rahatsızlık olarak tanımlanır. Kronik hastalıkların önemi giderek artmaktadır. Rakamlarla da ifade edecek olursak dünyada her dört çocuktan birinin (%25) kronik bir hastalığa sahip olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. Kronik hastalığa sahip olan çocukların da %40’ında kronik hastalık, günlük yaşam becerilerini şiddetli düzeyde etkilemektedir. Her on çocuktan biri günlük hayatta işlevselliğini bozan bir kronik hastalık ile hayatını sürdürmektedir. Kronik hastalığın türüne göre, hatta kendi içinde aynı hastalıkta şiddetin değişmesi bile hastalık seyrinde ihtiyaç ve zorlukların farklı olmasına neden olmaktadır. Kronik hastalık sürecinde her kronik hastalığı olan çocuk için de genel bir yaklaşım içerisinde hastalığa özgün, özel bir yaklaşım gerekmektedir. Kronik hastalıklar biyopsikososyal açıdan sadece çocuğun hastalığı değil tüm aileyi içine alan bütüncül bir yaklaşım içerisinde ele alınmalıdır. Bu şekildeki bütüncül bir biyopsikososyal yaklaşım hem hastalığın gidişatına hem de ruhsal iyilik halinin devamına olumlu bir şekilde katkı sunacak; hastalık sürecine çocuğun ve ailenin uyumunu artıracaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Kronik hastalık, çocuk, psikososyal yaklaşım, bütüncül yaklaşım

DOI :10.26650/B/CH32.2024.010.003 IUP :10.26650/B/CH32.2024.010.003 Tam Metin (PDF)

Psychosocial Approach: the Child with a Chronic Disease and the Family

Ali Karayağmurlu, Elif Karayağmurlu, M. Furkan Erbay

Chronic disease is defined as any physical or mental illness that causes the disruption of home and school routines of children and adolescents that requires follow-up and treatment by a professional. Recently, the importance of chronic disease management has increased. Approximately one in four children (25%) worldwide has a chronic disease. In 40% of children with chronic disease, chronic disease severely affects their activities of daily living. One out of every ten children are living with a chronic disease that impairs their functionality in daily life. Depending on the type of chronic disease, even the changes in severity within the same disease causes differences in the needs and difficulties in the disease course. In the evaluation process of chronic diseases, a disease-specific approach should be adopted within a general approach for each patient. A holistic approach that includes not only the children with the disease but also the whole family from a biopsychosocial point of view should be considered. Such a holistic– biopsychosocial approach may contribute positively to both the disease management and mental well-being of patients. It may also increase the adjustment of the child and family to the chronic disease.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Chronic disease, psychosocial approach, children, holistic approach

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Kroni̇k Hastalığı Olan Çocuğun İzlemi̇ ve Toplumda Bakımı

BÖLÜM

Psikososyal Yaklaşım: Kroni̇k Hastalığı Olan Çocuk ve Ai̇le

Psychosocial Approach: the Child with a Chronic Disease and the Family

Referanslar

PAYLAŞ