Referanslar

• Aharony, N. (2015). Why do students use What’s App?- an exploratory study. Aslib Journal of Information Management, 67(2), 136-158. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJIM-11-2014-0148 google scholar
• Ardichvili, A., Page, V., & Wentling, T. (2003). Motivation and barriers to participation in virtual knowledge-sharing communities of practice. Journal of Knowledge Management, 7(1), 64-77. https://doi. org/10.1108/13673270310463626 google scholar
• As Sabiq, A. H., & Fahmi, M. I. (2020). Mediating quizzes as assessment tool through WhatsApp auto-response in ELT online class. Langkawi Journal of the Association for Arabic and English, 6(2), 186-201. http:// dx.doi.org/10.31332/lkw.v6i2.2216 google scholar
• Baishya, D., & Maheshwari, S. (2020). WhatsApp groups in academic context: Exploring the academic uses of WhatsApp groups among the students. Contemporary Educational Technology, 11(1), 31-46. https://doi. org/10.30935/cet.641765 google scholar
• Bayer, J. B., Campbell, S. W., & Ling, R. (2016). Connection cues: Activating the norms and habits of social connectedness. Communication Theory, 26(2), 128-149. https://doi.org/10.1111/comt.12090 google scholar
• Benkler, Y. (2006). The wealth of networks. How social production transforms markets and freedom (pp.356-487). Yale University Press. http://www.benkler.org/Benkler_Wealth_Of_Networks_Chapter_10.pdf google scholar
• Bouhnik, D., & Deshen, M. (2014). WhatsApp goes to school: Mobile instant messaging between teachers and students. Journal of Information Technology Education: Research, 13, 217-231. http://www.jite.org/ documents/Vol13/JITEv13ResearchP217-231Bouhnik0601.pdf google scholar
• Bulunmaz, B. (2014). Yeni media eski medyaya karşı: Savaşı kim kazandı ya da kim kazanacak? Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi İletişim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(1), 22-29. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/e-kiad/ issue/49298/629850 google scholar
• Coca, P., Carpintero, E., Exposito, E., Lopez, E., & Thoilliez, B. (2020). Parents’ Whatsapp groups and their effects on parental involvement in schools: validation of an instrument. International Journal of Educational Research and Innovation, 14, 241-261. https://doi.org/10.46661/ijeri.4178 google scholar
• Çağlak, U. (2019). WhatsApp, WhatsApp groups and usage habits: A research on university students. The Journal of International Social Research, 12(66), 626-239. http://dx.doi.org/10.17719/jisr.2019.3612 google scholar
• Çetinkaya, L. (2017). The impact of Whatsapp use on success in education process. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 18(7), 59-74. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v18i7.3279 google scholar
• DiMaggio, P., Hargittai, E., Neuman, W. R., & Robinson, J. P. (2001). Social implications of the Internet. Annu. Rev. Sociol, 27, 307-336. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.27.1.307 google scholar
• Gemius Turkey (2022, May 23). Dijital dünyada gençler en çok neleri tercih ediyor? https://www.gemius.com. tr/974/dijital-duenyada-gencler-en-cok-neleri-tercih-ediyor.html google scholar
• Göncü, S. (2018). A study about the WhatsApp use of Y generation with the context of uses and gratifications. TRT Akademi, 3(6), 590-613. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/516962 google scholar
• Gutierrez, V. F., Domingo, M. G., & Lopez, M. A. (2017). Groups of class; groups of WhatsApp. Analysis of communicative dynamics among university students. Prisma Social, 18, 144-171. https://www.researchgate. net/publication/319041528_Groups_of_class_Groups_of_WhatsApp_Analysis_of_communicative_ dynamics_among_university_students google scholar
• Haddon, L. (2011). Domestication analysis, objects of study, and the centrality of technologies in everyday life. Canadian Journal of Communication, 36(2), 311-323. Retrieved May 2, 2022, from http://eprints.lse. ac.uk/62128/1/Domestication_analysis_.pdf google scholar
• Haddon, L. (2006). The contribution of domestication research to in-home computing and media consumption. The Information Society, 22(4), 195-203. Retrieved May 2, 2022, from http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/62631/1/ Contribution%20Domestication.pdf google scholar
• Johnson, D. W., & Johnson, F. P. (2014). Joining together. Group theory and group skills (pp. 1-48). Pearson Education Limited. ISBN-10:1-292-02263-9. google scholar
• Karapanos, E., Teixeira, P., & Gouveia, R. (2016). Need fulfillment and experiences on social media: A case on Facebook and WhatsApp. Computers in Human Behavior, 55, 888-897. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. chb.2015.10.015 google scholar
• Kemp, S. (2022, February 15). Digital 2022: Turkey. Datareportal. https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2022-turkey google scholar
• Khoza, S. B. (2020). Students’ habits appear captured by WhatsApp. International Journal of Higher Education, 9(6), 307-317. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v9n6p307 google scholar
• Kraut, R., Kiesler, S., Boneva, B., Cummings, J., Helgeson, V., & Crawford, A. (2002). Internet paradox revisited. Journal of Social Issues, 58(1), 49-74. https://www.dhi.ac.uk/san/waysofbeing/data/communication-zangana-kraut-2002.pdf google scholar
• Licoppe, C. (2004). ‘Connected’ presence: The emergence of a new repertoire for managing social relationships in a changing communication technoscape. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 22(1), 135156. https://doi.org/10.1068/d323t google scholar
• Lindenberg, S. (2015). The Sociology of groups. In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, Second Edition (pp.434-440). Retrieved May 5, 2022, from https://www.researchgate.net/ publication/275562808_Lindenberg_S_2015_Groups_Sociology_of_In_International_Encyclopedia_of_ the_Social_Behavioral_Sciences_2nd_edition_Vol_10_Oxford_Elsevier_pp_434-440 google scholar
• Ling, R. (2017). The social dynamics of mobile group messaging. Annals of the International Communication Association, 41(3-4), p.242-249. https://doi.org/10.1080/23808985.2017.1374199 google scholar
• Ling, R., & Donner, J. (2009). Mobile communication: Digital media and society series. Polity Press. ISBN-13:978-0-7456-4413-4. google scholar
• Matassi, M., Boczkowki, P. J., & Mitchelstein, E. (2019). Domesticating WhatsApp: Family, friends, work and study in everyday communication. New Media & Society, 21(10), 1-18. https://doi. org/10.1177/1461444819841890 google scholar
• Matzat, U. (2004). Cooperation and community on the Internet: Past issues and present perspectives for theoretical-empirical Internet research. Analyse & Kritik, 26, 63-90. Retrieved May 5, 2022, from https:// www.researchgate.net/publication/254838283_Cooperation_and_Community_an_the_Internet_Past_ Issues_and_Present_Perspectives_for_Theoretical-Empirical_Internet_Research google scholar
• McGinty, P. W. (2007). Secondary groups. In G. Ritzer (Ed.), The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology. John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781405165518.wbeoss061.pub2 google scholar
• McKenna, K. Y. A., & Green, A. S. (2002). Virtual group dynamics. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 6(1), 116-127. https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2699.6.1.116 google scholar
• Miller, V. (2008). New media, networking and phatic culture. Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies, 14(4), 387-400. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354856508094659 google scholar
• Minalla, A. A. (2018). The effect of WhatsApp chat group in enhancing EFL learners’ verbal interaction outside classroom contexts. English Learning Teaching, 11(3). http://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v11n3p1 google scholar
• Mora, H. M., Pont, M.T.S., Casado, G. M., & Iglesias, V. G. (2015). Management of social networks in the educational process. Computers in Human Behavior, 51, 890-895. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.11.010 google scholar
• Nicolopoulou, K., Kostomaj, M., & Campos, A. (2006). How to address group dynamics in virtual worlds. AI & Society, 20, 351-371. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-005-0027-0 google scholar
• Ogara, S. O., Koh, C. E,. & Prybutok, V. R. (2014). Investigating factors affecting social presence and user satisfaction with Mobile Instant Messaging. Computers in Human Behavior, 36, 453-459. http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.03.064 google scholar
• O’Hara, K. P., Massimi, M., Harper, R., Rubens, S., & Morris, J. (2014). Everyday dwelling with WhatsApp. google scholar
• CSCW’14: Proceedings of the 17th ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work & social computing. ACM Digital Library. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2531602.2531679 google scholar
• Pielot, M., de Oliveire, R., Kwak, H., & Oliver, N. (2014). Didn’t you see my message? Predicting attentiveness to mobile instant messages. CHI’14: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing systems. ACM Digital Library. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2556288.2556973 google scholar
• Pimmer, C., Abiodun, R., Daniels, F., & Chipps, J. (2019). “I felt a sense of belonging somewhere”. Supporting graduates’ job transitions with WhatsApp groups. Nurse Education Today, 81, 57-63. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.nedt.2019.06.010. google scholar
• Preece, J. (2001). Sociability and usability in online communities: Determining and measuring success. Behaviour & Information Technology, 20(5), 347-356. https://doi.org/10.1080/01449290110084683 google scholar
• Rettie, R. (2009). Mobile phone communication: Extending Goffman to mediated interaction. Sociology, 43(3), 421-438. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038509103197 google scholar
• Rosenberg, H., & Asterhan, C. S. C. (2018). WhatsApp, teacher? Student perspectives on teacher-student WhatsApp interactions in secondary schools. Journal of Information Technology Education: Research, 17, 205-226. https://doi.org/10.28945/4081 google scholar
• Sassanberg, K. (2002). Common bond and common identity groups on the Internet: Attachment and normative behaviors in on-topic and off-topic chats. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 6(1), 27-37. https://doi.org./10.1037/1089-2699.6.1.27 google scholar
• Silverstone, R., & Haddon, L. (1996). Design and the domestication of information and communication technologies: technical change and everyday life. In R. Mansell & R. Silverstone (Eds.), Communication by design: The politics of information and communication technologies [eBook edition] (pp. 44-74). Oxford University Press. http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/64821/ google scholar
• Silverstone, R., Hirsch, E., & Morley, D. (2005). Information and communication technologies and the moral economy of the household. In R. Silverstone and E. Hirsch (Eds.), Consuming technologies Media and information in domestic spaces (pp.13-28). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203401491 google scholar
• Tapscott, D. (n.d.). Louder echo. Growing up digital. https://www.growingupdigital.com/ google scholar
• Thulin, E. (2017). Always on my mind: How smartphones are transforming social contact among young Swedes. google scholar
• Young, 26(5), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1177/1103308817734512 google scholar
• Toseland, R. W., Jones, L. V., & Gellis, Z. D. (2004). Group dynamics. In C.D. Garvin, L.M. Gutierrez, & M. J. Galinsky (Eds.), Handbook of social work with groups, (pp. 13-31). Guilford Publications. google scholar
• Twenge, J. M. (n.d.). Books (iGen: Why today’s super-connected kids are growing up less rebellious, more tolerant, less happy—and completely unprepared for adulthood—and what that means for the rest of us). Dr. Jean Twenge. http://www.jeantwenge.com/igen-book-by-dr-jean-twenge/ google scholar
• Tyler, T. R. (2002). Is the Internet changing social life? It seems the more things change, the more they stay the same. Journal of Social Issues, 58(1), 195-205. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-4560.00256 google scholar
• Udenze, S,. & Oshionebo, B. (2020). Investigating ‘WhatsApp’ for collaborative learning among undergraduates. Etkileşim, 5, 24-50. https://doi.org/10.32739/etkilesim.2020.5.92 google scholar
• WhatsApp (2022). WhatsApp hakkında. https://www.whatsapp.com/about google scholar