“Nu GIŠERIN Ì.NUN LÀL ḫu-u-uš-za-˹ša˺? ša-me-ši-ia-zi”: Representations of Incense on Cylinder Seals Impressions of the Kārum II Period
The fragrant smoke produced by burning the bark, leaves, branches, resins, flowers and perfumed oils of fragrant plants has been used from past to present to bring people closer to the gods, thus alleviating their fears and calming them. Fragrant smoke, i.e. incense, has a purifying effect thanks to the chemical properties of aromatics. It has become a magical element that helps to cure diseases and to convey news from the gods to people with the different shapes it takes. By this means, it was included into everyday life, military matters, royal ceremonies, medical practices, festival celebrations, and religious matters such as funeral rites and rituals of penance. With regard to the effects of incense on human life in the Bronze Age various types of incense vessels, that may have been used in Anatolia in the 2nd millennium BC, were investigated. For this reason, vessel representations on seal impressions from the Kārum II Period, Hittite cuneiform texts, especially the Ḫantitaššu Ritual, and a lipid analysis of a Late Bronze Age chalice from Beycesultan were evaluated together.
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Alper, N., & Czichon, R.M. (2025). “Nu GIŠERIN Ì.NUN LÀL ḫu-u-uš-za-˹ša˺? ša-me-ši-ia-zi”: Representations of Incense on Cylinder Seals Impressions of the Kārum II Period. Anadolu Araştırmaları, 0(32), 55-82. https://doi.org/10.26650/anar.32.1663223
AMA
Alper N, Czichon R M. “Nu GIŠERIN Ì.NUN LÀL ḫu-u-uš-za-˹ša˺? ša-me-ši-ia-zi”: Representations of Incense on Cylinder Seals Impressions of the Kārum II Period. Anadolu Araştırmaları. 2025;0(32):55-82. https://doi.org/10.26650/anar.32.1663223
ABNT
Alper, N.; Czichon, R.M. “Nu GIŠERIN Ì.NUN LÀL ḫu-u-uš-za-˹ša˺? ša-me-ši-ia-zi”: Representations of Incense on Cylinder Seals Impressions of the Kārum II Period. Anadolu Araştırmaları, [Publisher Location], v. 0, n. 32, p. 55-82, 2025.
Chicago: Author-Date Style
Alper, Nejla, and Rainer M. Czichon. 2025. ““Nu GIŠERIN Ì.NUN LÀL ḫu-u-uš-za-˹ša˺? ša-me-ši-ia-zi”: Representations of Incense on Cylinder Seals Impressions of the Kārum II Period.” Anadolu Araştırmaları 0, no. 32: 55-82. https://doi.org/10.26650/anar.32.1663223
Chicago: Humanities Style
Alper, Nejla, and Rainer M. Czichon. ““Nu GIŠERIN Ì.NUN LÀL ḫu-u-uš-za-˹ša˺? ša-me-ši-ia-zi”: Representations of Incense on Cylinder Seals Impressions of the Kārum II Period.” Anadolu Araştırmaları 0, no. 32 (Aug. 2025): 55-82. https://doi.org/10.26650/anar.32.1663223
Harvard: Australian Style
Alper, N & Czichon, RM 2025, '“Nu GIŠERIN Ì.NUN LÀL ḫu-u-uš-za-˹ša˺? ša-me-ši-ia-zi”: Representations of Incense on Cylinder Seals Impressions of the Kārum II Period', Anadolu Araştırmaları, vol. 0, no. 32, pp. 55-82, viewed 29 Aug. 2025, https://doi.org/10.26650/anar.32.1663223
Harvard: Author-Date Style
Alper, N. and Czichon, R.M. (2025) ‘“Nu GIŠERIN Ì.NUN LÀL ḫu-u-uš-za-˹ša˺? ša-me-ši-ia-zi”: Representations of Incense on Cylinder Seals Impressions of the Kārum II Period’, Anadolu Araştırmaları, 0(32), pp. 55-82. https://doi.org/10.26650/anar.32.1663223 (29 Aug. 2025).
MLA
Alper, Nejla, and Rainer M. Czichon. ““Nu GIŠERIN Ì.NUN LÀL ḫu-u-uš-za-˹ša˺? ša-me-ši-ia-zi”: Representations of Incense on Cylinder Seals Impressions of the Kārum II Period.” Anadolu Araştırmaları, vol. 0, no. 32, 2025, pp. 55-82. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.26650/anar.32.1663223
Vancouver
Alper N, Czichon RM. “Nu GIŠERIN Ì.NUN LÀL ḫu-u-uš-za-˹ša˺? ša-me-ši-ia-zi”: Representations of Incense on Cylinder Seals Impressions of the Kārum II Period. Anadolu Araştırmaları [Internet]. 29 Aug. 2025 [cited 29 Aug. 2025];0(32):55-82. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26650/anar.32.1663223 doi: 10.26650/anar.32.1663223
ISNAD
Alper, Nejla - Czichon, RainerM.. ““Nu GIŠERIN Ì.NUN LÀL ḫu-u-uš-za-˹ša˺? ša-me-ši-ia-zi”: Representations of Incense on Cylinder Seals Impressions of the Kārum II Period”. Anadolu Araştırmaları 0/32 (Aug. 2025): 55-82. https://doi.org/10.26650/anar.32.1663223