Aquatic Sciences and Engineering

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DOI :10.26650/ASE20241594074   IUP :10.26650/ASE20241594074    Tam Metin (PDF)

Efficacy of Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate for Treating Disease Caused by Cryptocaryon irritans Brown, 1951 in Marine Ornamental Fish

Pedro Henrique Magalhães Cardoso, Simone De Carvalho Balian, Herbert Sousa Soares, Beatriz Dos Santos Neves Kahwage, Liura Sanchez Lauri, Maurício Laterça Martins

Cryptocaryon irritans is a ciliate protozoan parasite of wild and cultivated marine fish and causes the clinical signs of white spot disease. It results in significant losses for aquarists and commercial fishermen worldwide and infects various marine teleosts. This study reports on the efficacy of the administration of hydroxychloroquine sulphate as a treatment for white spot disease caused by C. irritans. Nine marine ornamental fish of different species showed behavioural changes such as flashing and had white spots on their skin and fins. Four fish with higher numbers of white spots were subjected to skin scraping to confirm the diagnosis under a microscope, through which the presence of C. irritans was confirmed. The aquarium containing these fish species was treated with 20 mg L-1 of hydroxychloroquine sulphate for fifteen days. One day after the addition of hydroxychloroquine sulphate to the tank, positive behavioural changes were observed among the fish. On the third day, none of the nine fish had signs of white spots visible, and no parasites were found on the skin scraping sample. In the study, it was concluded that hydroxychloroquine improved the clinical signs and prognosis of the disease caused by C. irritans in the fish species examined.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Marine ornamental fish, Aquatic health, Parasite, Ciliated protozoan, Hydroxychloroquine

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Referanslar

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APA

Cardoso, P.H., Balian, S.D., Soares, H.S., Kahwage, B.D., Lauri, L.S., & Martins, M.L. (2025). Efficacy of Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate for Treating Disease Caused by Cryptocaryon irritans Brown, 1951 in Marine Ornamental Fish. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, 40(1), 37-41. https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE20241594074


AMA

Cardoso P H, Balian S D, Soares H S, Kahwage B D, Lauri L S, Martins M L. Efficacy of Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate for Treating Disease Caused by Cryptocaryon irritans Brown, 1951 in Marine Ornamental Fish. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering. 2025;40(1):37-41. https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE20241594074


ABNT

Cardoso, P.H.; Balian, S.D.; Soares, H.S.; Kahwage, B.D.; Lauri, L.S.; Martins, M.L. Efficacy of Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate for Treating Disease Caused by Cryptocaryon irritans Brown, 1951 in Marine Ornamental Fish. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, [Publisher Location], v. 40, n. 1, p. 37-41, 2025.


Chicago: Author-Date Style

Cardoso, Pedro Henrique Magalhães, and Simone De Carvalho Balian and Herbert Sousa Soares and Beatriz Dos Santos Neves Kahwage and Liura Sanchez Lauri and Maurício Laterça Martins. 2025. “Efficacy of Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate for Treating Disease Caused by Cryptocaryon irritans Brown, 1951 in Marine Ornamental Fish.” Aquatic Sciences and Engineering 40, no. 1: 37-41. https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE20241594074


Chicago: Humanities Style

Cardoso, Pedro Henrique Magalhães, and Simone De Carvalho Balian and Herbert Sousa Soares and Beatriz Dos Santos Neves Kahwage and Liura Sanchez Lauri and Maurício Laterça Martins. “Efficacy of Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate for Treating Disease Caused by Cryptocaryon irritans Brown, 1951 in Marine Ornamental Fish.” Aquatic Sciences and Engineering 40, no. 1 (Feb. 2025): 37-41. https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE20241594074


Harvard: Australian Style

Cardoso, PH & Balian, SD & Soares, HS & Kahwage, BD & Lauri, LS & Martins, ML 2025, 'Efficacy of Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate for Treating Disease Caused by Cryptocaryon irritans Brown, 1951 in Marine Ornamental Fish', Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 37-41, viewed 5 Feb. 2025, https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE20241594074


Harvard: Author-Date Style

Cardoso, P.H. and Balian, S.D. and Soares, H.S. and Kahwage, B.D. and Lauri, L.S. and Martins, M.L. (2025) ‘Efficacy of Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate for Treating Disease Caused by Cryptocaryon irritans Brown, 1951 in Marine Ornamental Fish’, Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, 40(1), pp. 37-41. https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE20241594074 (5 Feb. 2025).


MLA

Cardoso, Pedro Henrique Magalhães, and Simone De Carvalho Balian and Herbert Sousa Soares and Beatriz Dos Santos Neves Kahwage and Liura Sanchez Lauri and Maurício Laterça Martins. “Efficacy of Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate for Treating Disease Caused by Cryptocaryon irritans Brown, 1951 in Marine Ornamental Fish.” Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, vol. 40, no. 1, 2025, pp. 37-41. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE20241594074


Vancouver

Cardoso PH, Balian SD, Soares HS, Kahwage BD, Lauri LS, Martins ML. Efficacy of Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate for Treating Disease Caused by Cryptocaryon irritans Brown, 1951 in Marine Ornamental Fish. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering [Internet]. 5 Feb. 2025 [cited 5 Feb. 2025];40(1):37-41. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE20241594074 doi: 10.26650/ASE20241594074


ISNAD

Cardoso, PedroHenrique Magalhães - Balian, SimoneDe Carvalho - Soares, HerbertSousa - Kahwage, BeatrizDos Santos Neves - Lauri, LiuraSanchez - Martins, MaurícioLaterça. “Efficacy of Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate for Treating Disease Caused by Cryptocaryon irritans Brown, 1951 in Marine Ornamental Fish”. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering 40/1 (Feb. 2025): 37-41. https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE20241594074



ZAMAN ÇİZELGESİ


Gönderim02.12.2024
Kabul27.12.2024
Çevrimiçi Yayınlanma17.01.2025

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