Araştırma Makalesi


DOI :10.18864/ASE201810   IUP :10.18864/ASE201810    Tam Metin (PDF)

The Asi River’s Estimated Nutrient Load and Effects on the Eastern Mediterranean

Ece KılıçAnıl AkpınarNebil Yücel

Rivers are primary receiving environments for agricultural runoff and for domestic and industrial discharges. Rivers assimilate and treat incoming pollution load until self-purification capacity is reached. The remaining pollution load and natural nutrients are carried to and discharged into the sea causing variations in the receiving area’s nutrient concentration. This study evaluated nutrient loads and effects of the Asi River on the northeastern Mediterranean Sea. Monitoring data from 2006 to 2014 from the State of Hydraulic Works of Turkey were analyzed with an interpolation-based average-estimator model for nutrient load calculation. The nutrient load’s impact on the receiving area was determined using satellite images. Annual nitrite (NO2), nitrate (NO3), ammonium (NH4), and phosphate (o-PO4) loads were found to be 234 102 tones/year, 2 402 066 tones/year, 1 123 714 tones/year, and 603 669 tones/year, respectively, with all nutrients showing distinct seasonality. The Asi River’s load increases during winter and reaches its maximum in spring. High stream flow due to increased precipitation during spring months could explain this situation. Similar results were obtained from satellite images. Chlorophyll-a concentrations in the receiving area increase during winter due to high nutrient load. In other words, nutrient load increases the receiving area’s primary productivity.

PDF Görünüm

Referanslar

  • • Bettiol, C., Flaviano, C., Stefano, G., Molinaroli, E., Rossini, P., Zaggia, L., Zonta, R. (2005). Atmospheric and riverine inputs of metals, nutrients and persistent organic pollutants into the lagoon of Venice.Hydrobiologica, 550,151-165 google scholar
  • • Chapin III, F.S., Walker, B.H., Hobbs, R.J., Hooper, D.U., Lawton, J.H., Sala, O.E., Tilman, D. (1997). Biotic control over the functioning ecosystem. Science, 227,500-504 google scholar
  • • D’Alimonte, D., Mélin, F., Zibordi, G., and Berthon, J.-F. (2003). Use of the novelty detection technique to identify the range of applicability of the empirical ocean color algorithms. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 41, 2833-2843. google scholar
  • • D’Alimonte, D., Zibordi, G. (2003). Phytoplankton determination in an optically complex coastal region using a multilayer perceptron neural network. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, 41, 286 google scholar
  • • Iyiduvar, O. (1986). Hydrographic characteristics of Iskenderun Bay (Doctoral dissertation, MSc. Thesis, Institute of Marine Sciences, Middle East Technical University, 33731, Erdemli-Içel). google scholar
  • • Kılıç, E. (2007). Evaluation of water quality in Asi Watershed using multivariate statistics. M.Sc thesis. Institute of Engineering and Natural Sciences, İskenderun Technical University. 86 p. google scholar
  • • Koçak, M., Kubilay, N., Tuğrul, S., Mihalopoulus, N. (2010). Atmospheric nutrient inputs to the northern Levantine basin from a long-term observation: sources and comparison with riverine inputs. Biogeosciences, 7(12), 4037-4050 google scholar
  • • Krom, M.D., Herut, B., Mantoura, R.F.C. (2004). Nutrient budget for the Eastern Mediterranean: Implications for phosphorus limitation. Limnology and Oceanography, 49 (5), 1582-1592 google scholar
  • • Laznik, M., Stalnacke, P., Grimvall, A., Wittgren, H.B. (1999). Riverine input of nutrients to the Golf of Riga- temporal and spatial variation. Journal of Marine Systems, 23,11-25 google scholar
  • • Ministry of Environment. (2004) Water Pollution Control Regulation. Official Bulletin Number: 25687,2004 google scholar
  • • Morkoç, E., Tüfekçi, V., Tüfekçi, H., Tolun, L., Karakoç, F.T.,Güvensel, T. (2009). Effects of land-based sources on water quality in the Omerli reservoir (Istanbul, Turkey).Environ Geol, 57,1035-1045 google scholar
  • • Ogwueleka, T.C. (2015). Use of multivariate statistical techniques for the evaluation of temporal and spatial variations in water quality of the Kaduna River, Nigeria. Environmental monitoring and assessment, 187(3), 1-17. google scholar
  • • Polat, S. (2002). Nutrients, Chlorophyll a and Phytoplankton in the İskenderun Bay (Northeastern Mediterranean). Marine Ecology, 23 (2),115-126 google scholar
  • • Quilbé, R., Rousseau, A.N., Duchemin, M., Poulin, A., Gangbazo, G., Villeneuve, J.P. (2006). Selecting a calculation method to estimate sediment and nutrient loads in streams: application to the Beaurivage River (Québec, Canada). Journal of Hydrology, 326(1), 295-310. google scholar
  • • Simoncelli, S., Fratianni, C., Pinardi, N., Grandi, A., Drudi, M., Oddo, P.,Dobricic, S. (2014). Mediterranean Sea physical reanalysis (MEDREA 1987-2015)(Version 1. Set. E.U. Copernicus Marine Service Information. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25423/medsea_reanalysis_phys_006_004 google scholar
  • • Singh, K.P., Malik, A., Sinha, S. (2005). Water quality assessment and apportionment of pollution sources of Gomti River (India) using multivariate statistical techniques-a case study. Analytica Chimica Acta, 538(1), 355-374. google scholar
  • • Smith ,V.H. 2003. Eutrophication of freshwater and coastal marine ecosystems: a global problem. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 10(2), 126-139 google scholar
  • • Smith, V. H., Tilnan, G. D., Nekola, J. C. 1999. Eutrophication: impacts of excess nutrient inputs of freshwater, marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Environ. Pollut., 100, 179.196. google scholar
  • • Stalnacke, P., Grımvall, A., Sunblad, K., Tonderskı, A. (1999). Estimation of riverine loads of nitrogen and phosphorus to the Baltic Sea. Environmental Monitoring and Assesment 58,173-200 google scholar
  • • Strobl, R.O., Somma, F., Evans, M.B., Zaldivar, M.J. (2009). Fluxes of water and nutrients from river runoff to the Mediterranean Sea using GIS and watershed model. Journal of Geophysical Research,114,1-14 doi:10.1029/ google scholar
  • • TÜBİTAK MAM. (2013). Havza koruma eylem planlarının hazırlanması :Asi Havzası Raporu, Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknik Araştırma Kurumu Marmara Araştırma Merkezi Çevre Enstitüsü. Kocaeli (in Turkish) google scholar
  • • Uysal, Z., Latif, M.A., Özsoy, E., Tuğrul, S., Kubilay, N., Beşiktepe, Ş.T., Yemenicioğlu, S., Mutlu, E., Ediger, D., Beşiktepe, Ş., Ediger, V., Ak Örek, Y.,Demirel, M., Tunç, Ş.Ç., Terbıyık, T. (2008). Kilikya Baseni Kıyısal Ekosisteminde Dolaşım, Taşınım ve Ötrifikasyon Araştırmaları. Proje No: 104Y277. Erdemli-Mersin (in Turkish) google scholar
  • • Vitousek, P.M., Mooney, H.A., Lubchenko, J., Melillo, J.M. (1997). Human domination of Earth’s ecosystem. Science, 277,494-499 google scholar
  • • Volpe, G., Santoleri, R., Vellucci, V., Ribera d Acala, M., Marullo, S., D Ortenzio, F. (2007). The colour of the Mediterranean Sea: Global versus regional bio-optical algorithms evaluation and implication for the satellite chlorophyll estimates. Remote Sens. Environ., 107, 625-638 google scholar
  • • Yılmaz, A.B., Doğan, M. (2007). Heavy metals in water and in tissues of himri (Carasobarbus luteus) from Orontes (Asi) River, Turkey. Environmental monitoring and assessment, 144(1), 437-444 google scholar
  • • Zhou, F., Liu, Y., & Guo, H. (2007). Application of multivariate statistical methods to water quality assessment of the watercourses in Northwestern New Territories, Hong Kong. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 132(1-3), 1-13. google scholar

Atıflar

Biçimlendirilmiş bir atıfı kopyalayıp yapıştırın veya seçtiğiniz biçimde dışa aktarmak için seçeneklerden birini kullanın


DIŞA AKTAR



APA

Kılıç, E., Akpınar, A., & Yücel, N. (0001). The Asi River’s Estimated Nutrient Load and Effects on the Eastern Mediterranean. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, 33(2), 61-66. https://doi.org/10.18864/ASE201810


AMA

Kılıç E, Akpınar A, Yücel N. The Asi River’s Estimated Nutrient Load and Effects on the Eastern Mediterranean. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering. 0001;33(2):61-66. https://doi.org/10.18864/ASE201810


ABNT

Kılıç, E.; Akpınar, A.; Yücel, N. The Asi River’s Estimated Nutrient Load and Effects on the Eastern Mediterranean. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, [Publisher Location], v. 33, n. 2, p. 61-66, 0001.


Chicago: Author-Date Style

Kılıç, Ece, and Anıl Akpınar and Nebil Yücel. 0001. “The Asi River’s Estimated Nutrient Load and Effects on the Eastern Mediterranean.” Aquatic Sciences and Engineering 33, no. 2: 61-66. https://doi.org/10.18864/ASE201810


Chicago: Humanities Style

Kılıç, Ece, and Anıl Akpınar and Nebil Yücel. The Asi River’s Estimated Nutrient Load and Effects on the Eastern Mediterranean.” Aquatic Sciences and Engineering 33, no. 2 (Feb. 2025): 61-66. https://doi.org/10.18864/ASE201810


Harvard: Australian Style

Kılıç, E & Akpınar, A & Yücel, N 0001, 'The Asi River’s Estimated Nutrient Load and Effects on the Eastern Mediterranean', Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 61-66, viewed 5 Feb. 2025, https://doi.org/10.18864/ASE201810


Harvard: Author-Date Style

Kılıç, E. and Akpınar, A. and Yücel, N. (0001) ‘The Asi River’s Estimated Nutrient Load and Effects on the Eastern Mediterranean’, Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, 33(2), pp. 61-66. https://doi.org/10.18864/ASE201810 (5 Feb. 2025).


MLA

Kılıç, Ece, and Anıl Akpınar and Nebil Yücel. The Asi River’s Estimated Nutrient Load and Effects on the Eastern Mediterranean.” Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, vol. 33, no. 2, 0001, pp. 61-66. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.18864/ASE201810


Vancouver

Kılıç E, Akpınar A, Yücel N. The Asi River’s Estimated Nutrient Load and Effects on the Eastern Mediterranean. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering [Internet]. 5 Feb. 2025 [cited 5 Feb. 2025];33(2):61-66. Available from: https://doi.org/10.18864/ASE201810 doi: 10.18864/ASE201810


ISNAD

Kılıç, Ece - Akpınar, Anıl - Yücel, Nebil. The Asi River’s Estimated Nutrient Load and Effects on the Eastern Mediterranean”. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering 33/2 (Feb. 2025): 61-66. https://doi.org/10.18864/ASE201810



ZAMAN ÇİZELGESİ


Gönderim15.12.2017
Kabul23.03.2018

LİSANS


Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC)

This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon your work non-commercially, and although their new works must also acknowledge you and be non-commercial, they don’t have to license their derivative works on the same terms.


PAYLAŞ




İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınları, uluslararası yayıncılık standartları ve etiğine uygun olarak, yüksek kalitede bilimsel dergi ve kitapların yayınlanmasıyla giderek artan bilimsel bilginin yayılmasına katkıda bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır. İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınları açık erişimli, ticari olmayan, bilimsel yayıncılığı takip etmektedir.