International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics

GÖNDERBİLGİ
EnglishTürkçe

Araştırma Makalesi


DOI :10.26650/ijegeo.1502416   IUP :10.26650/ijegeo.1502416    Tam Metin (PDF)

Evaluation of Electromagnetic Field Pollution Level in Gaziantep City with Geographic Information Systems

Ercan Vural

The advancement of technology has led to the widespread use of electronic devices, such as cell phones, which generate electromagnetic fields. Factors like population growth and social needs have contributed to the widespread use of these devices. In parallel with this situation, there has been a significant increase in the number of base stations, high-voltage lines, and TV antenna receivers that provide communication. This study evaluated the electromagnetic field pollution levels in Gaziantep using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). 662 base stations were identified in Gaziantep, the city under study. The Open Signal Map application was used to identify the base stations, and GPS was used to pinpoint their locations. Measurements were conducted using the Lutron EMF 839 device, following the 6-minute rule recommended by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP). The measurement results were analyzed using the interpolation method in ArcGIS 10.8 software, which estimates values between known data points to determine the electromagnetic field levels in the city. The analysis revealed higher electromagnetic field levels in areas with concentrated base stations than in other areas. Additionally, there was a significant decrease in electromagnetic field values from the center to the periphery. A comparison of the electromagnetic field values in Gaziantep with the ICNIRP and Türkiye's national limit values revealed that they were below the specified limit. 

Anahtar Kelimeler: Electromagnetic Field, Electromagnetic Field Map, GIS, Gaziantep

PDF Görünüm

Referanslar

  • Baliatsas, C., Van, Kamp, I., Bolte, J., Schipper, M., Yzermans, J., Lebret E. (2012). Non-Specific Physical Symptoms and Electromagnetic Field Exposue in the General Population: Can We Get More Specific? A Systematic Review. Environ Int, 41, 15-28. google scholar
  • Canales, F. A., Payares-Fontalvo, M., Florez-Guerra, H., Acuna, G.J. (2022). Geographic information systems (GIS) tools in complementarity research—estimation and visualization. In: Jurasz J, Beluco A, editors. Complementarity of Variable Renewable Energy Sources. 81-99. google scholar
  • Cansız, M., Kurt, M. B. (2012). Drive Test Yöntemi ile Elektromanyetik Kirlilik Haritasının Çıkartılması ve Ölçüm Sonuçlarının Değerlendirilmesi. Dicle Üniversitesi Mühendislik Dergisi, 3(2), 101-110. google scholar
  • Cansız, M., Abbasov, T., Kurt, M. B., Çelik, R. (2018). Mapping of Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure Levels in Outdoor Environment and Comparing with Reference Levels for General Public Health. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology, 28, 161-165. google scholar
  • Çerezci, O. (2012). Elektromanyetik Kirlilik. İçinde: Türkkan, A. (Eds) Elektromanyetik Alan ve Sağlık Etkileri, Bursa, Özsan Matbaacılık. google scholar
  • Dilek, B., As, N., Şahin, M. E. (2021). Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Üniversitesi Merkez Kampüsünde Elektromanyetik Alan Kirlilik Ölçümü ve Spektrum Analizi. Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 2(1), 53-65. google scholar
  • Erdin, K. (1978). Elektromanyetik Dalgaların Oluşumu ve Uzaktan Algılama. İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(2), 157-167. google scholar
  • Feychting, M., Ahlbom, A. (1994). Magnetic Field, Leukemia and Central Nervous System Tumor in Swedich Adults Residing Near High Voltage Power Lines. Epidemiology, 5(5), 501-509. google scholar
  • Fiannacca P, Ortolano G, Pagano M, Visalli R, Cirrincione, R., Zappalâ, L. (2017). IG-Mapper: A new ArcGIS® toolbox for the geostatistics-based automated geochemical mapping of igneous rocks. Chem Geol.470:75-92. google scholar
  • Giliberti, C., Boella, F., Bedini, A., Palomba, R., Giuliani, L. (2009). Electromagnetic Mapping of Urban Areas: The Example of Monselice (Italy). Piers Online, 5(1), 56-60. google scholar
  • Jasim, A. K., Walli, H. A. (2023, July). Analysis of Hotspots and Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) of Polluted Habitats using ArcGIS Pro.: A Case Study in the Sea of Najaf and Surrounding Terrestrial Area. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 1215, No. 1, p. 012005). IOP Publishing. google scholar
  • Joseph, P., Szumowski, J., Bryant, R. G. (1988). Magnetic Field Mapping. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 6, 158-163. google scholar
  • Karadağ, T., Özdemir, A. R., Abbasov, T. (2014). Bir Üniversitesi Yerleşkesinde Uzun Süreli Elektromanyetik Alan Ölçümleri ve Kirlilik Haritaları. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 20(8), 314-318. google scholar
  • Karadağ, T., Özdemir, A. R., Abbasov, T. (2014). Seçilmiş Bir Pilot Bölgede Uzun Süreli ve Sürekli Elektromanyetik Kirlilik Seviyelerinin Ölçülmesi ve Haritalanması. Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Part-C Tasarım ve Teknoloji, 2(3), 239-246. google scholar
  • Kelishadi, R., Amin, M.M., Haghdoost, A. A., Gupta, A. K., Tuhkanen, T. A. (2013). Pollutants Source Control and Health Effects. J Environ. Public Health, 209739. google scholar
  • Lindbohm, M. L., Hiatamem, M., Kyyrönen, P., Sallmen, M., Nandelstadh, P V., Taskinen, H., Pekkarinen, M., Ylikoski, M., Hemminki, K. (1992). Magnetic Fields of Video Display Terminals and Spontaneous Abortion. American Journal of Epidemiology, 136(9), 1041-1051. google scholar
  • Person, T., Törnevik, C. H., Larsson, L. E., Loven, J. (2012). Output Power Distrubitions of Terminals in 3G Mobile Communication Network. Bioelectromagnetics, 33, 320-325. google scholar
  • Rodriguez, C. C., Forero, C. A., Boada, H. O. (2012). Electromagnetic Field Measurement Method to Generate Radiation Map. IEEE Colombian Communications Conference (Colcom), 16-18 May 2012, Cali, Colombia. google scholar
  • Schüz, J., Mann, S. (1999). A Discussion of Potential Exposure Metrics for Use in Epidemiological Studies on Human Exposure to Radiowaves from Mobile Phone Base Stations. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol, 10, 600-605. google scholar
  • Seyhan, N. (2012). Elektromanyetik Kirlilik ve Sağlığımız. Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi, 47, 158-161. google scholar
  • Thulu, F. G.D., Tembo, D. Nyirongo, R. Mzara, P. J.C., Kamfosi, A. Mawenda, U.C. (2023). Electromagnetic Frequency Pollution in Malawi: A Case of Electric Field and Magnetic Flux Density Pollution in Southern Africa. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 20, 4413. google scholar
  • Ulaby F. T. (2001). Fundamentals of Applied Electromagnetics. Englewood Cliffs, NJ. Prentice Hall. google scholar
  • Uygunol, O. (2009). Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri Yardımıyla GSM Baz İstasyonlarında Elektromanyetik Alan Kirliliğinin Tespiti ve Konya Örneği (Master thesis). Selçuk Üniversitesi, Konya, Türkiye. google scholar
  • Ünsal, A. Kabul, A. Vardar, K., Özzaim, C. (2015). Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Evliya Çelebi Yerleşkesi Elektromanyetik Radyasyon Haritası. Elektromanyetik Alanlar ve Etkileri Sempozyumu, EMANET google scholar

Atıflar

Biçimlendirilmiş bir atıfı kopyalayıp yapıştırın veya seçtiğiniz biçimde dışa aktarmak için seçeneklerden birini kullanın


DIŞA AKTAR



APA

Vural, E. (2024). Evaluation of Electromagnetic Field Pollution Level in Gaziantep City with Geographic Information Systems. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics, 11(4), 64-69. https://doi.org/10.26650/ijegeo.1502416


AMA

Vural E. Evaluation of Electromagnetic Field Pollution Level in Gaziantep City with Geographic Information Systems. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics. 2024;11(4):64-69. https://doi.org/10.26650/ijegeo.1502416


ABNT

Vural, E. Evaluation of Electromagnetic Field Pollution Level in Gaziantep City with Geographic Information Systems. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics, [Publisher Location], v. 11, n. 4, p. 64-69, 2024.


Chicago: Author-Date Style

Vural, Ercan,. 2024. “Evaluation of Electromagnetic Field Pollution Level in Gaziantep City with Geographic Information Systems.” International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics 11, no. 4: 64-69. https://doi.org/10.26650/ijegeo.1502416


Chicago: Humanities Style

Vural, Ercan,. “Evaluation of Electromagnetic Field Pollution Level in Gaziantep City with Geographic Information Systems.” International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics 11, no. 4 (Dec. 2024): 64-69. https://doi.org/10.26650/ijegeo.1502416


Harvard: Australian Style

Vural, E 2024, 'Evaluation of Electromagnetic Field Pollution Level in Gaziantep City with Geographic Information Systems', International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 64-69, viewed 23 Dec. 2024, https://doi.org/10.26650/ijegeo.1502416


Harvard: Author-Date Style

Vural, E. (2024) ‘Evaluation of Electromagnetic Field Pollution Level in Gaziantep City with Geographic Information Systems’, International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics, 11(4), pp. 64-69. https://doi.org/10.26650/ijegeo.1502416 (23 Dec. 2024).


MLA

Vural, Ercan,. “Evaluation of Electromagnetic Field Pollution Level in Gaziantep City with Geographic Information Systems.” International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics, vol. 11, no. 4, 2024, pp. 64-69. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.26650/ijegeo.1502416


Vancouver

Vural E. Evaluation of Electromagnetic Field Pollution Level in Gaziantep City with Geographic Information Systems. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics [Internet]. 23 Dec. 2024 [cited 23 Dec. 2024];11(4):64-69. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26650/ijegeo.1502416 doi: 10.26650/ijegeo.1502416


ISNAD

Vural, Ercan. “Evaluation of Electromagnetic Field Pollution Level in Gaziantep City with Geographic Information Systems”. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics 11/4 (Dec. 2024): 64-69. https://doi.org/10.26650/ijegeo.1502416



ZAMAN ÇİZELGESİ


Gönderim18.06.2024
Kabul18.12.2024
Çevrimiçi Yayınlanma20.12.2024

LİSANS


Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC)

This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon your work non-commercially, and although their new works must also acknowledge you and be non-commercial, they don’t have to license their derivative works on the same terms.


PAYLAŞ




İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınları, uluslararası yayıncılık standartları ve etiğine uygun olarak, yüksek kalitede bilimsel dergi ve kitapların yayınlanmasıyla giderek artan bilimsel bilginin yayılmasına katkıda bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır. İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınları açık erişimli, ticari olmayan, bilimsel yayıncılığı takip etmektedir.