After the establishment of the Greek State, the hostility that had been built between the states due to the events of the Turkish-Greek War and the Balkan Wars in the last period of the Ottoman Empire and the Greek occupation during the War of Independence changed as of 1930, when the exchange problem was completely resolved, and instead a new process based on “friendship” originating from mutual concerns and interests began. The friendly relations continued until the mid-1950s, when the Cyprus issue became a priority, due to the agreements signed between the two countries, especially the Balkan Pact, mutual visits, Türkiye's support during the Second World War, the financial and military aid of the US to Türkiye and Greece after the war, the struggle against communism in line with common goals and, in connection with this, participation in the Korean War.

ENOSIS activities, which aimed to connect Cyprus to Greece, increased with the demands of the Greeks as of 1878, when England temporarily seized Cyprus, and activities on the island continued in line with this purpose. In response to these, the Turkish Cypriots carried out several activities, especially organizations and public meetings, and demanded support from Türkiye. Türkiye, which did not want its friendly ties with Greece to be damaged, tried to show a cautious attitude on this issue until Greece took the Cyprus issue to the United Nations.

Turkey, which turned its attention to Cyprus after Greece took the issue to the United Nations, broke its silence when the Greeks started armed actions, which formed the basis of EOKA to unite Cyprus with Greece, abandoned its status quo approach and began to voice its rights over the island by putting forward the “Turkish Thesis”. While the Greeks contributed to the tension in relations between the two countries with their acts of terror and their press publications, especially after April 1955, Türkiye followed the developments in Cyprus and Greece with concern, and a new period in which anger would gradually prevail in the Turkish public opinion began.

Protests took place in an environment that became tense with mutual provocations, and on the eve of the rally to be held in Taksim, where extraordinary measures were taken beforehand, the masses were mobilized and looted following the news that a bomb had exploded at Atatürk's house in Thessaloniki. While the Events of September 6-7 shaped both domestic and foreign political developments, it also caused a separate crisis between Türkiye and Greece. Greece first blamed Britain and then Türkiye for the bombing incident and put forward some conditions to participate in the Balkan Pact and NATO meetings. In this context, Greece, trying to assume the role of the protector of Türkiye's Greek citizens who were harmed by the Events of September 6-7, sent notes to Türkiye, including the condition that the damages be compensated. Turkish government officials, especially President Celal Bayar and Prime Minister Adnan Menderes, initially adopted a cautious stance against this attitude of Greece, including banning the Martial Law Administration from speaking against Greece, and made statements that friendship with Greece should be maintained in line with common interests. While there were reactions from the opposition in Türkiye, the government also said in private meetings that Greece was pursuing an opportunistic policy. It was stated that the Greek governments acted in favor of their own public opinion and that a 40-page document accusing Türkiye was prepared.

After the heat of the events passed on the one hand, those who were deemed responsible were tried in the Martial Law Administrative Courts, and the damages were compensated, and on the other hand, the methods to be followed against Greece's attitude, which had begun to be characterized as “provocative”, were determined. In this process, during which the opposition criticized the government for remaining passive, the Turkish government, which argued that the events were a systematic movement, determined its path as remaining loyal to international agreements and treaties, frequently stating that there was no responsibility and that the necessary measures were taken, to compensate for the damages of the Events of September 6-7 and to provide information and warn against provocative attitudes if necessary. In the interrogations in the September 6-7 Incidents Case, which was heard as a separate case in the High Court of Justice established in Yassıada after the intervention of May 27, 1960, the role of Greece would come to the agenda again, and government officials from the DP period would evaluate the events as a systematic movement and point out the role of Greece.

In the following process, a similar response was given to Greece's attitude, leaving aside the sensitivity, especially by canceling some protocols and smuggling publications into the country. However, when it was seen that these events created a situation to the detriment of Türkiye, statements reminding the friendship with Greece were made again. After the Cyprus issue was resolved with the Zurich Treaty on February 11, 1959, and the London Treaty on February 19,  1959, relations would enter a normalization process again with the fact that Türkiye and Greece applied for Common Market membership in January 1960.