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DOI :10.26650/iutd.1589301   IUP :10.26650/iutd.1589301    Tam Metin (PDF)

L’Institut d’Égypte Between Colonialism and Orientalism (1798-1801)

Selda Güner Özden

The Western world’s colonial expansion and competition during the 19th century turned various parts of the world into targets for territorial division. Indeed, Ottoman territories in Africa also became one of the arenas of this colonial competition with Napoleon’s eastern campaign in 1798, continuing throughout the century and through the partitions during World War I. This study focuses on the activities of the Institut de l’Égypte, established by Napoleon in Egypt following a colonial invasion. 

In Western historiography, it is known that members and institutions of another “modern” initiative evaluated the occupation of Egypt around the concepts of enlightenment, colonialism, and civilization before Mehmed Ali Pasha's reforms. This modern initiative bore traces of French colonialism. It is known that with French invasion, a scientific delegation arrived in Egypt alongside officers and soldiers. On August 22, 1798, the Institut de l’Égypte was established around this delegation. It is evident that Napoleon’s Egyptian campaign contained two aspects of colonialism: one being the occupation of a strategically important place like Egypt, and the other being the efforts to study and understand Egypt’s past, culture, and all its resources to ensure the permanence of the occupation. The Institut de l’Égypte manifested as a colonial institution. Thus, the article aims to examine how French colonialism was reflected in an intellectual institution, focusing on the publications of this institution and the memoirs of the period. 

DOI :10.26650/iutd.1589301   IUP :10.26650/iutd.1589301    Tam Metin (PDF)

Kolonyalizm ve Şarkiyatçılık Arasında L’Institut d’Égypte (1798-1801)

Selda Güner Özden

Batı dünyasının 19. yüzyılda kolonyal genişleme ve bunun için rekabet halinde olması dünyanın farklı coğrafyalarını toprak paylaşımlarının hedefi haline getirmişti. Nitekim Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun Afrika’daki toprakları da Napolyon’nun doğu seferiyle 1798’de bu kolonyal rekabetin alanlarından biri haline gelmiş ve neredeyse tüm yüzyıl ve I. Dünya Savaşı sırasındaki paylaşımlarla devam etmiştir. Bu çalışma bir kolonyal işgali takiben Napolyon tarafından Mısır’da kurulan Institut de l’Égypte’in faaliyetlerine odaklanmaktadır. 

Batı tarih yazımında Mehmed Ali Paşa’nın reformları öncesinde başka bir “modern” girişimin üyeleri ve kurumlarının aydınlanma, kolonyalizm ve medenileştirme kavramları etrafında Mısır’ın işgalini değerlendirdiği bilinmektedir. Bu modern girişimin altında Fransız kolonyalizminin izleri vardır. Napolyon’un işgaliyle subay ve askerlerin yanısıra bir bilim heyetinin de Mısır’a gelmişti. Bu heyet etrafında 22 Ağustos 1798’de Institut de l’Égypte kurulmuştur. Napolyon’un Mısır seferinin kolonyalizmin iki yönünü ihtiva ettiği görülmektedir. Mısır gibi stratejik bir yeri işgal etmek, diğeri de işgalin kalıcılığı için Mısır’ın mazisi, kültürü ve tüm kaynaklarıyla incelenmesi ve anlaşılması çabalarıdır. Institut de l’Égypte bir kolonyal kurum olarak tezahür etmişti. Buradan hareketle makale, Fransız sömürgeciliğinin entelektüel bir kurumda nasıl karşılık bulduğunu, bu kurumun yayınlarını ve devrin hatıratlarını merkeze alarak incelemeyi hedeflemektedir.


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APA

Güner Özden, S. (2025). L’Institut d’Égypte Between Colonialism and Orientalism (1798-1801). Tarih Dergisi, 0(86), 94-113. https://doi.org/10.26650/iutd.1589301


AMA

Güner Özden S. L’Institut d’Égypte Between Colonialism and Orientalism (1798-1801). Tarih Dergisi. 2025;0(86):94-113. https://doi.org/10.26650/iutd.1589301


ABNT

Güner Özden, S. L’Institut d’Égypte Between Colonialism and Orientalism (1798-1801). Tarih Dergisi, [Publisher Location], v. 0, n. 86, p. 94-113, 2025.


Chicago: Author-Date Style

Güner Özden, Selda,. 2025. “L’Institut d’Égypte Between Colonialism and Orientalism (1798-1801).” Tarih Dergisi 0, no. 86: 94-113. https://doi.org/10.26650/iutd.1589301


Chicago: Humanities Style

Güner Özden, Selda,. L’Institut d’Égypte Between Colonialism and Orientalism (1798-1801).” Tarih Dergisi 0, no. 86 (Sep. 2025): 94-113. https://doi.org/10.26650/iutd.1589301


Harvard: Australian Style

Güner Özden, S 2025, 'L’Institut d’Égypte Between Colonialism and Orientalism (1798-1801)', Tarih Dergisi, vol. 0, no. 86, pp. 94-113, viewed 20 Sep. 2025, https://doi.org/10.26650/iutd.1589301


Harvard: Author-Date Style

Güner Özden, S. (2025) ‘L’Institut d’Égypte Between Colonialism and Orientalism (1798-1801)’, Tarih Dergisi, 0(86), pp. 94-113. https://doi.org/10.26650/iutd.1589301 (20 Sep. 2025).


MLA

Güner Özden, Selda,. L’Institut d’Égypte Between Colonialism and Orientalism (1798-1801).” Tarih Dergisi, vol. 0, no. 86, 2025, pp. 94-113. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.26650/iutd.1589301


Vancouver

Güner Özden S. L’Institut d’Égypte Between Colonialism and Orientalism (1798-1801). Tarih Dergisi [Internet]. 20 Sep. 2025 [cited 20 Sep. 2025];0(86):94-113. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26650/iutd.1589301 doi: 10.26650/iutd.1589301


ISNAD

Güner Özden, Selda. L’Institut d’Égypte Between Colonialism and Orientalism (1798-1801)”. Tarih Dergisi 0/86 (Sep. 2025): 94-113. https://doi.org/10.26650/iutd.1589301



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