İsmail

Ayşen

Mustafa

Üçağızlı II Cave is located on the Hatay region’s Mediterranean coast, situated at the northernmost Levant coastal plains where they intersect with the Taurus Mountains and the Anatolian plateau. Roughly 500 m from Üçağızlı I Upper Paleolithic Cave, Üçağızlı II Cave is a Middle Paleolithic site discovered by French researcher A. Minzoni-Déroche during surveys of Hatay in the 1980s. During 2005–2007, Prof. Dr. Erksin Güleç conducted a test excavation to determine the stratigraphy; a sequence of Mousterian deposits about 2 m thick was found (Baykara vd., 2015), and in 2020, Assoc. Prof. Dr. İsmail Baykara began systematic excavation. This paper reports results from excavations at Üçağızlı II Cave layer Bu in 2020.During excavation from 2005 to 2007, most of the archaeological layers were found in the cave’s chamber D, and archaeological deposits were divided into six cultural levels (A-B-BuBl -C-D). All layers contain highly anthropogenic material and preserve features of Middle Paleolithic culture (Baykara vd., 2015). In 2020, new trenches were created according to previously made trenches. During the 2020 excavation season, current soil and a layer of dung mixed with layer Bu were detected in layer A. Lying just below layer A, layer Bu has a soft structure and includes lithic assemblages and faunal remains.Üçağızlı II Cave was dated to approximately 75,000 (bottom layers)–42,000 (top layers) years ago, according to uranium series dates. Additionally, thermoluminescence dating was applied to samples from the lower part of layer B and the inside of layer C but did not provide any results from these samples (Baykara vd., 2015). Although the cave’s lower and upper layers have been dated, between-layers dates have not yet been determined. Therefore, animal bone samples were collected for carbon 14 dating but could not be applied because of the bones’ absence of collagen.During 2020 excavations, 294 animal remains were identified in level Bu, where faunal assemblages are dominated by ungulates, the most common being Capreolus capreolus (roe deer) and Dama mesopotamica (fallow deer), followed by Capra aegagrus (wild goat) and Sus scrofa (wild boar). Besides terrestrial animals, the most common marine mollusks in layer Bu are Monodonta and Patella sp., which manifest breakage patterns, burn marks, and use wear. Analytical results on faunal remains from layer Bu indicate that terrestrial animals and mollusks were added to the diet in this period. Moreover, two perforated marine shells, belonging to Columbella rustrica and perhaps related to ornamentation, were found in layer Bu.Besides faunal remains, 458 lithic artifacts were recovered from layer Bu at Üçağızlı II Cave in 2020, including 203 stone tools, six cores, and 249 debris. All artifacts were made from flint, and two types of raw material sources, identified as primary and secondary, have been found in the cave’s surrounding area. One set of primary sources is located near the town of Yayladağ, about 20 km from the cave. A second group of bedrock flint sources is located near the village of Şenköy, 35 km from the site. Secondary sources of heavily rolled flint pebbles occur on fossil beaches, much closer to the cave. According to analyses on cortex types of artifacts, secondary raw material sources were used more than primary sources in layer Bu at Üçağızlı II Cave. Studies on lithic assemblages from layer Bu indicate that half of the stone tools were whole pieces, but the other half were broken due to human impact. Additionally, lithic analyses demonstrate that lithic assemblages are characterized by the Levallois industry in layer Bu. Besides, flake production, unipolar Levallois cores, sidescrapers, and points (Mousterian and Levallois) dominate in this layer. These features indicate that stone tools from layer Bu at Üçağızlı II Cave are similar to “Tabun C type” Mousterian assemblages.Turkey has a unique geographic position. Lying between the Caucasus, Central Asia, the Levant, and Eastern Europe, it has an important role in understanding Pleistocene hominids’ migration route and expansion. Üçağızlı II Cave is located at the Levantine coastal zone’s northern limit, and in the following years, therefore, the site’s excavation results will provide important information about Pleistocene human behavior, their technology, and migration routes between Anatolia and the Levant.&nbsp;&nbsp;

A Middle Paleolithic Settlement from the Northern Levant: The Finds of Üçağızlı II Cave

Melis

Güneş

People living in various geographies of the world, especially in rural areas, use animal dung for manuring, fuel, and lighting. Dung is known to have a tempering and binding effect in construction materials such as mudbrick and is still a preferred material in building construction. Archaeological studies and analyses on dung have the potential to yield data on past livestock practices including foddering, and penning, as well as its use as fuel. The study of archaeological dung, thus, provides insights into past cooking activities and food production, production technologies of construction materials and space use, animal movements, and the management and domestication of animals. From a methodological point of view, macro-archaeological analyses often prove to be insufficient to identify dung remains, thus requiring the application of micro-scale analyses to identify dung markers and remains in soils and sediments. In recent years, new microarchaeological methods have been developed in this research area and high-resolution analyses are applied.In this study, the use of animal dung as a temper in the production of construction materials at Aşıklı Höyük (8350-7300 cal BCE, Volcanic Cappadocia) is studied through microarchaeological methodologies, including thin section analyses and calcium carbonate (CaCO3), carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) analyses. This study aims to identify animal dung in mudbricks and mortars at the site using a combination of observable analyses (micromorphology/thin section analysis) and quantitative analyses (calcium carbonate, carbon, and nitrogen) and to identify the proxies of archaeological dung according to the analytical results obtained. Thus, we aim to contribute to current studies on prehistoric dung and to the development of new methods and approaches in determining markers of archaeological dung in archaeological contexts.Observable and quantitative analyses reveal certain markers to identify dung in mudbricks and mortars at Aşıklı Höyük. These proxies are fecal spherulites and chemical elements. Spherulites are the direct evidence of dung and therefore constitute the first micro-data group of this study. Fecal spherulites identified under the microscope with thin section analysis and their micro-contextual distribution suggest the extensive use of dung as temper in mortars. We have also observed some diachronic changes in dung use. The partial increase of dung&nbsp;temper in mortars in early-8th millennium BCE contexts at the site corresponds with the expansion of penning areas within the settlement. In contrast, there is a distinct lack of fecal spherulites in mudbricks and mortars during the mid-8th millennium BCE, when the on-site penning areas disappeared, and the settlement was divided into two main functional areas (the dwelling area and the special purpose buildings area).The decrease in the percentage of organic carbon, carbon, nitrogen, and calcium carbonate in mudbricks and mortars during the mid-8th millennium BCE is coherent with the thin section results. On the other hand, the fact that the percentage of organic carbon and nitrogen in mudbricks is relatively higher in the special purpose buildings area (SPBA), and also the presence of fecal spherulites in one of the thin section samples from this area indicates that dung may have been used as temper in this part of the settlement. However, due to the limited number of samples and the lack of a statistically significant difference in the percentages of organic carbon and nitrogen between the dwelling area and the SPBA, this hypothesis should be further tested with thin section analysis. It is important to increase the number of micromorphology samples from the SPBA to better understand the settlement strategies and architectural choices of the community.The main pitfall we encountered in thin section analysis was related to the limitations in the number and size of the samples. The data obtained from thin section analysis was cross-checked with quantitative micro-analyses. Nitrogen element analysis confirms the thin section results. Thus, the identification of dung in the thin sections from mudbricks and mortars that we were not able to sample extensively was further supplemented with elemental analyses in a diachronic and spatial scale. This approach provides certain advantages, especially considering the lack of an archaeological thin section laboratory in Turkey, and the financial costs and bureaucratic processes of transferring the samples to laboratories abroad. On the other hand, it should not be overlooked that archaeological micromorphology is one of the most effective methods to identify fecal spherulites and is complementary to elemental analysis. In this sense, the importance of archaeological dung studies with multiproxy approaches that bring together a wide variety of micro-scale analyses within the same research framework comes to the fore.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Multi-Proxy Approach to Archaeological Dung Research:  New Evidence from Aceramic Neolithic Site of Aşıklı Höyük,  Central Anatolia

Semra

Çiler

Damase

Orkun

Fazlı

A New Aceramic Neolithic Site Nearby the Obsidian  Sources: Preliminary Insights from Sırçalıtepe

Neyir

Assoc. Prof.

Res. Assist.

As a result of the excavations carried out in 2019 and 2020 at Bahçelievler, a settlement located within the borders of the Bilecik province and dating back to the 7th millennium BC, a total of 435 chipped stone artifacts were found. This paper presents the first results of the techno-typological analysis of the Neolithic chipped stone artifacts, documented across the seven building levels of the settlement. Further, comparisons are made with the chipped stone assemblages excavated from the contemporary sites in the region.The preliminary studies of the Bahçelievler Neolithic chipped stone artifacts show the use of two types of raw materials, local and imported. It is noteworthy that besides the dominant flint, which makes up 91% of the assemblage, obsidian finds are present at 9%. Although no analysis of the sources has been carried out on obsidian samples, the macroscopic studies suggest that obsidian might be obtained from the Göllüdağ and Nenezidağ deposits in Central Anatolia. According to preliminary observations, the Bahçelievler Neolithic inhabitants seem to have used Nenezidağ obsidian more frequently than Göllüdağ obsidian. However, obsidian origin analyses are necessary to examine this issue in detail.Knapping of flint, which was obtained from local sources, was carried out in the settlement, especially in courtyards. The scarcity of debris related to obsidian demonstrates that this raw material was mostly brought in as end products.In the Bahçelievler lithic assemblage, there are bullet-shaped cores, end scrapers, borers, and transverse arrowheads, which are the characteristic artifacts of the Northwestern Anatolian Neolithic chipped stone industry. A flint bullet-shaped core, which comes from the lowest settlement layer of the Bahçelievler, dating 7000–6700 BC, represents one of the oldest bullet-shaped core examples obtained from the dated cultural layer in the region. The presence of bullet-shaped cores and transverse arrowheads at Bahçelievler and the use of a pressure technique reveal that the communities living in Northwest Anatolia had similar technical skills and shared similar techniques in chipped stone production in the 7th millennium BC.The Bahçelievler Neolithic chipped stone assemblage is generally based on the production of blades and bladelets. Bladelets make up the majority in the blanks group, followed by blades. There are some differences in the use of raw materials; for example, while obsidian was used for the production of bladelets, more bladelets and blades were produced from flint. The most likely reason for this may concern the use of obsidian, being an imported material, more economically.Sickle elements make up the majority of tools in the lithic assemblage of the site. Bearing in mind that these tools were most likely used in harvesting, their abundance indicates that agriculture played an important role during the Neolithic period at Bahçelievler. In the tool assemblage, sickle elements are followed by end scrapers, arrowheads, borers, notched tools, and a single burin and a knife. Notably, blades were mostly used in the production of these tools. Finally, the Bahçelievler chipped stone tool assemblage is generally included in the northwestern Anatolian Neolithic lithic tool tradition with sickle elements, end scrapers, borers, and transverse arrowheads. This preliminary study of the Bahçelievler Neolithic lithic assemblage reveals that the general character of the settlement has great similarities with Northwest Anatolian sites, especially Menteşe and Barcın Höyük. The predominant use of local raw materials, the use of conical and bullet-shaped cores in blade and bladelet production, and the production of transverse arrowheads, borers, and end scrapers constitute strong evidence supporting this view. The extent f these similarities between the chipped stone assemblages of the contemporary settlements in the same region can be better understood after examining the other material groups.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Preliminary Evaluations of the Bilecik Bahçelievler Neolithic Chipped Stone Assemblage

Sevinç

From early periods, Aegean geography, both at sea and on land, has naturally played an important role in site distribution and in cultural interaction among societies. In the Meander (Menderes) region in Western Anatolia, the Great Meander River (Büyük Menderes Nehri) and its tributaries to the south are important natural connections between the Aegean world and Central Anatolia. South of the Menderes, Çine-Tepecik provides understanding of this region’s prehistoric and protohistoric cultures.The Tepecik site reflects a long settlement process beginning in the Chalcolithic Period (in the Aegean chronology, Late Neolithic) until the end of the Bronze Age. The mound’s latest settlement dates to the Carian-Geometric Period. In this stratigraphical definition, ÇineTepecik’s life and cultural development continued uninterruptedly. During the site’s early period (ca. 5463–5452 BC), the social structure of the settlement developed around agriculture and animal husbandry, as evidenced by buildings with storage facilities, the pottery tradition, chipped stone artifacts as blades, and bladelets and arrowheads of obsidian and flint. Lithic artifacts are the most widely used tools related with social life. Advanced technology has been applied to tools they used on animal species such as sheep, goats, deer, and cattle. The inhabitants grazed and hunted these animals while also farming grains. Obsidian’s presence—of Central Anatolian and Aegean origin—also points to a wide-ranging, active interregional exchange network contributing to Tepecik’s economic activities. This continuity of interregional contacts extends from the Chalcolithic to the end of the Bronze Age.In addition to tool technology, decorated vessels and figurines shed light on the Chalcolithic community’s sociocultural life. From the beginning of the Early Bronze Age, a developing social organization is evidenced on the mound by extensive building and the burial tradition. Finds from this period’s burials, including pithos and jars, shed light on the community’s differentiation of social status. In the Middle Bronze Age, foundations built of small stones and mudbricks reflect the settlement’s architectural remains. Elaboration of the art of depiction is particularly striking among a major group of this period’s artifacts. Among these finds are a deer-headed rhyton, a pithos of an anthropomorphic vessel, a terracotta model with stylized bulls (bucranium), and also a terracotta model with bull’s horns. Among pottery finds, bowls and cups reflect the local pottery tradition of Western Anatolia. Conical cups, reminiscent of Minoan vessel forms, provide a parallel chronology. Cult items, which shed light on understanding of religion, echo the sociocultural structure. In addition to this period’s rich finds, obsidian and rock crystal vessels had special meaning as prestige products. Settlement of the Middle Bronze Age shows impacts of a thick ash layer. Indeed, the southern part of the settlement is covered by a thick layer of volcanic ash over a large area, which has been scientifically confirmed to result from the eruption of Santorini.In the Late Bronze Age, Tepecik possessed a fortification wall supported by towers. The architectural remains from this settlement phase revealed storage facilities and workshops, indicating a well-developed socioeconomic system. Agricultural products in the buildings were stored in pithoi. In the official storage building in this settlement, seal impressions with Anatolian hieroglyphs among storage vessels and pithoi indicate an economic organization based on local administrative power. Seal impressions date to the Hittite Empire (13th century BC). Philological evidence from seal impressions and archaeological data from seal impressions’ context clearly demonstrate official relations between the Hittite Empire and Tepecik’s local administration. These finds are important not only for the Maeander region’s historical geography but also for documenting the Hittite’s impact on Western Anatolia. Meanwhile, Çine-Tepecik of the Late Bronze Age possessed cultural traits influenced by the Mycenean. Mycenean painted deep bowls, kylix, figurative kraters, and stirrup jars demonstrate that Tepecik played an important role in the Aegean region’s exchange networks. The decoration of the Mycenean jars show typical Mycenaean motifs often found on various vessel types from the LH III B and III C in the Aegean. With its location at the crossroads, Çine-Tepecik was clearly a site active in interregional communications among the Aegean world, Central Anatolia, and the Eastern Mediterranean.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Understanding the Urbanization Process in Çine-Tepecik’s  Cultural Development

Muzaffer

Prof.

The city of Tigranocerta (Tigranakert) is localized as today’s Ancient A/Erzen near the village of Bozhöyük in the Kurtalan District of Siirt Province. In 69 BC, it was the scene of one of the most important battles in history between the Armenian king Tigranes II and the Roman general Lucullus. Significant conflicts took place before the field battle started. At the first stage, while Lucullus advanced to Tigranocerta, he attacked some Armenian cities in the region and defeated Mithrobarzanes, whom Tigranes II sent against him. At the second stage, the vanguard troops under the command of Sextilius both besieged Tigranokerta and successfully blocked and destroyed the Arab support forces from the South. Next, Murena struck the army of Tigranes II, who was going to collect his army from the north of the Taurus mountains, but the king managed to flee to the North. Meanwhile, Lucullus with his remaining army marched on Tigranocerta to support the siege. The success of the Roman army at the beginning of the war by blocking the Armenian support forces and preventing them from gathering reinforcements from the strategic areas in the North and the South contradicts the claim that Tigranes II returned and fought the Romans with an extremely superior number of soldiers.Plutarch built his war scenario on the humiliation of the barbarians, suffering defeat despite their great numerical superiority and entertaining the Roman audience. One must approach with caution the words of Tigranes II as mentioned by Plutarch, who allegedly mocked the number of Roman soldiers. Plutarch seems to have succeeded in his scenario because the same words were repeated by Appian and Memnon, who wrote after him. Meanwhile, Plutarch glorified Lucullus by emphasizing the arrogance of Tigranes II.The numbers reported by Plutarch and his successor Appian regarding the size of Armenia’s army seem exaggerated. Plutarch preferred to use Lucullus’s own propaganda letters to the senate as well as the source of Lucullus’s close friend Archias. Eutropius stated that the Armenian soldiers totaled 700.000, most likely either a copying error or propaganda. As reported by Festus, this number should be 70.000. Both Memnon and Phlegon preferred to present an approximately similar number. Meanwhile, Plutarch and Appian were inclined to report that the size of the Roman military forces was quite small. Frontinus reported the number to be around 15.000 and Eutropius 18.000, but these numbers also seem less. As Plutarch partially and indirectly confirmed, Lucullus’s army is actually around 30.000, almost half of Tigranes II’s.Instead of long-term and tedious attrition operations, Lucullus quickly took action against Tigranes II by changing tactics. Mithradates VI was delayed in joining the army of Tigranes II in battle. As a result of all these maneuvers by Lucullus, Tigranes II was forced to retreat. He entered the field battle by gathering more inexperienced troops composed of foreign allies. While the size of these military associations seems relatively large, they acted cumbersome and sluggish because of the lack of solidarity and organization among themselves. Lucullus, on the other hand, led experienced and coordinated troops. By using a clever tactic, he pretended to retreat, which would lead the enemy to think that they became victorious, thus breaking their ranks forward on the retreating Roman army and dispersing. Lucullus then swiftly moved and attempted to surround the enemy from behind with his legions, attacking their armored cavalry and carriages, causing panic and chaos among the enemy forces. The enemy troops were defeated as they lost coordination. Tigranes II had to leave the battlefield and flee.Although Lucullus reached one of the highlights of his career with his victory at Tigranocerta, his luck began to turn because of his ambition. The Roman soldiers, who had served under him for six years, had accumulated a significant amount of money and property from the looting and therefore wanted to return to their homes as soon as possible. However, Lucullus aspired to strengthen his reputation in Rome by winning a victory against the Parthians as well. When Lucullus received the news that after taking command from Tigranes II Mithradates VI had made a secret agreement with the Parthians, and considering the unwillingness of his soldiers, he gave up on his expedition against the Parthians. Meanwhile, he decided to march up to Artaxata, where Tigranes II had withdrawn his forces. Yet a general uprising started in the army as a result of the heavy winter conditions and the lack of supplies; hence, the Armenian campaign was unsuccessful. A short while later, the senate dismissed Lucullus.&nbsp;&nbsp;

The Battle of Tigranocerta (69 BC): A Reconsideration

Hasan

Assist. Prof.

With Uzundere, Parion covers the entire land mass between Bodrum Cape and Kartal Yuvası and lies within the boundaries of today’s Kemer Village, Biga district, Çanakkale province. The southern Tavşandere necropolis, one of the necropolises of the ancient city, is in a small valley between the southern gate and the hills to the east of the city, immediately after the village cemetery on the entrance route to Kemer Village. In the necropolis, where excavations have been conducted since 2005, more than 300 graves and 6 crematoriums have been unearthed. According to the data obtained, it was used continuously from around 630 BC until the end of the second century AD. Additionally, it has been determined that the most intensive use phase of the necropolis was during the Roman period. The grave numbered M229, which is the subject of the study, was unearthed in the 2019 studies of the necropolis in the northern region of the 1535–2300 grid, according to the urban grid system.The grave was placed with the head in the southeastern direction and the feet in the northwestern direction. The head and feet are covered with vertically placed, trapezoidalshaped, Lakonian-type roof tiles. In the grave, understood to be of the tile-grave type within the general grave typology determined in Parion, the individual was placed in the burial pit in a wooden coffin. It was covered with three concave, trapezoidal, Lakonian-type roof tiles in a horizontal position after the gifts for the dead were left inside the coffin; therefore, this hybrid type of grave is a tile tomb with a wooden coffin. Although the skeleton is quite deteriorated, from dental evidence, it is understood that the individual had been an adult between the ages of 25 and 35. Inhumation burial custom and dorsal burial style were applied to the grave. Inside the wooden coffin, grave goods—including the gifts for the dead and the personal belongings of the grave indweller—were placed on the head and feet of the individual. These gifts of the dead, presented to the grave’s occupant by their family, are 18 unguentaria, a jug, and a mug. A locked wooden crate, agate stone beads, a bronze mirror, a bronze spoon, and two glass rings belonged to the deceased. On the outside of the coffin, an oil lamp and a bowl were other gifts for the dead. There was also a special group of gifts comprising a bone pyxis, a bone medicine box, and a medicine-ointment mixing stone that&nbsp;were found externally to the north of the grave. The materials in this group could also be the individual’s personal belongings. Many ceramic containers were placed vertically and carefully to prevent contained liquids from spilling. These containers may have been left as gifts for the dead by the family after they were filled with liquid (could be water or wine). There is also the possibility that these containers were left in the tomb after libations were consumed during the burial ritual; however, the placement of the containers reduces this possibility. We believe that the large number of vessels, considered gifts to the dead, should be considered in parallel with the social status and dignity of the deceased individual.In the second category, the grave goods used by the deceased in daily life were left in the grave by family members after death. The rings, locked wooden crate, agate beads, bronze spoon, bronze mirror, medicine-ointment mixing stone tray, bone pyxis, and bone medicine box are the finds in this second category. These grave items allow us to obtain important data regarding the individual within the scope of material culture. Primarily, the glass rings and the mirror are gender-oriented special jewelry and ornaments. The bronze spoon inside the coffin and other materials outside the coffin suggest that a fiction can be imagined: the powdered (plant) material from the bone medicine box is diluted with some liquid in the pyxis, and then it is mixed in the stone mixing table until it reaches the proper consistency and is applied to a wound. However, it is important to consider that there were no surgical materials in the grave; therefore, it could be concluded that the grave inhabitant could have been a person who could self-apply a simple drug/ointment treatment. There is also information that the agate stones found in a locked wooden crate were used to treat venomous snake bites in ancient times. It is known that the Isis-Fortuna figure on the lid of the medicine box (Kat. 35) is a health goddess equated with Hygeia. Furthermore, Isis’s close relationship with snakes can be viewed iconographically.This latest information also reveals that the applied treatment by the grave’s occupant may have a cultic-magical link. It is possible to supplement information provided by ancient sources to the results obtained from material and iconographic assessment, so much so that one of the ancient authors Strabo (Strabo XIII, Chapter I, 14) mentions that the men of the Ophiogen family living in Parion treated snake bites. Although Strabo defined those who used this treatment as Ophiogen men, when all data are evaluated, it is thought that a woman in the M229 tomb may have been a healer from the Ophiogen family who lived in the late first century to early second century AD.&nbsp;

Reading a Grave’s Context from Ancient Sources and Material Culture: Grave of a Healer, a Member of the (Legendary) Ophiogen Dynasty (?) from Parion

Cansın

Rifat

A Study on the Recurrent Processes of the Goddess and  Her Representation: Hera

NEZAHAT BAYDUR 1926-2021

@JOURNAL_BOX_CURRENT

@JOURNAL_BOX_EARLYVIEW

Onur Sadık

The Cult of Theos Hypsistos in the Black Sea and Anatolian Cities

@JOURNAL_BOX_FEATURED

Nilgün

A New Look at Ağın Hoşrik and Kalecikler Area Rescue Excavations

@JOURNAL_BOX_MOSTREAD

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Anatolian Research – Anadolu Araştırmaları aims to contribute to the dissemination of scientific knowledge through publication of high quality articles in accordance with the international publishing standards. The journal publishes studies which examine Anatolia and its related regions from prehistoric times to late antiquity. The areas of study covered in the scope of the journal are Ancient History, Archeology, Art History, History of Architecture, Anthropology, Epigraphy, Numismatic, Historical Geography and Archeometry.

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Anatolian Research – Anadolu Araştırmaları is committed to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics and pays regard to Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing published by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), the Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA), and the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME) on <a href="https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-best-practice-scholarly-publishing" target="_blank">https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-best-practice-scholarly-publishing</a> All parties involved in the publishing process (Editors, Reviewers, Authors and Publishers) are expected to agree on the following ethical principles.All submissions must be original, unpublished (including as full text in conference proceedings), and not under the review of any other publication synchronously. Each manuscript is reviewed by one of the editors and at least two referees under double-blind peer review process. Plagiarism, duplication, fraud authorship/denied authorship, research/data fabrication, salami slicing/salami publication, breaching of copyrights, prevailing conflict of interest are unnethical behaviors.All manuscripts not in accordance with the accepted ethical standards will be removed from the publication. This also contains any possible malpractice discovered after the publication. In accordance with the code of conduct we will report any cases of suspected plagiarism or duplicate publishing.

Ethics

Anatolian Research – Anadolu Araştırmaları adheres to the highest standards in research ethics and follows the principles of international research ethics as defined below. The authors are responsible for the compliance of the manuscripts with the ethical rules.-    Principles of integrity, quality and ransparency should be sustained in designing the research, reviewing the design and conducting the research.-    The research team and participants should be fully informed about the aim, methods, possible uses and requirements of the research and risks of participation in research.-    The confidentiality of the information provided by the research participants and the confidentiality of the respondents should be ensured. The research should be designed to protect the autonomy and dignity of the participants.-    Research participants should participate in the research voluntarily, not under any coercion.-    Any possible harm to participants must be avoided. The research should be planned in such a way that the participants are not at risk.-    The independence of research must be clear; and any conflict of interest or must be disclosed.-    In experimental studies with human subjects, written informed consent of the participants who decide to participate in the research must be obtained. In the case of children and those under wardship or with confirmed insanity, legal custodian’s assent must be obtained.-    If the study is to be carried out in any institution or organization, approval must be obtained from this institution or organization.-    In studies with human subject, it must be noted in the method’s section of the manuscript that the informed consent of the participants and ethics committee approval from the institution where the study has been conducted have been obtained.

It is authors’ responsibility to ensure that the article is in accordance with scientific and ethical standards and rules. And authors must ensure that submitted work is original. They must certify that the manuscript has not previously been published elsewhere or is not currently being considered for publication elsewhere, in any language. Applicable copyright laws and conventions must be followed. Copyright material (e.g. tables, figures or extensive quotations) must be reproduced only with appropriate permission and acknowledgement. Any work or words of other authors, contributors, or sources must be appropriately credited and referenced.All the authors of a submitted manuscript must have direct scientific and academic contribution to the manuscript. The author(s) of the original research articles is defined as a person who is significantly involved in “conceptualization and design of the study”, “collecting the data”, “analyzing the data”, “writing the manuscript”, “reviewing the manuscript with a critical perspective” and “planning/conducting the study of the manuscript and/or revising it”. Fund raising, data collection or supervision of the research group are not sufficient roles to be accepted as an author. The author(s) must meet all these criteria described above. The order of names in the author list of an article must be a co-decision and it must be indicated in the <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/37F3B957BCF54F60A70319FCFCF702D8" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form</a>. The individuals who do not meet the authorship criteria but contributed to the study must take place in the acknowledgement section. Individuals providing technical support, assisting writing, providing a general support, providing material or financial support are examples to be indicated in acknowledgement section.All authors must disclose all issues concerning financial relationship, conflict of interest, and competing interest that may potentially influence the results of the research or scientific judgment.When an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in his/her own published paper, it is the author’s obligation to promptly cooperate with the Editor to provide retractions or corrections of mistakes.

Editor-in-Chief evaluates manuscripts for their scientific content without regard to ethnic origin, gender, citizenship, religious belief or political philosophy of the authors. He/She provides a fair double-blind peer review of the submitted articles for publication and ensures that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential before publishing.Editor-in-Chief is responsible for the contents and overall quality of the publication. He/She must publish errata pages or make corrections when needed.Editor-in-Chief does not allow any conflicts of interest between the authors, editors and reviewers. Only he has the full authority to assign a reviewer and is responsible for final decision for publication of the manuscripts in the journal.Reviewers must have no conflict of interest with respect to the research, the authors and/or the research funders. Their judgments must be objective.Reviewers must ensure that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential and must report to the editor if they are aware of copyright infringement and plagiarism on the author’s side.A reviewer who feels unqualified to review the topic of a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse himself from the review process.The editor informs the reviewers that the manuscripts are confidential information and that this is a privileged interaction. The reviewers and editorial board cannot discuss the manuscripts with other persons. The anonymity of the referees must be ensured. In particular situations, the editor may share the review of one reviewer with other reviewers to clarify a particular point.

Only those manuscripts approved by its every individual author and that were not published before in or sent to another journal, are accepted for evaluation.Submitted manuscripts that pass preliminary control are scanned for plagiarism using iThenticate software. After plagiarism check, the eligible ones are evaluated by editor-in-chief for their originality, methodology, the importance of the subject covered and compliance with the journal scope.The editor hands over the papers matching the formal rules to at least two national/international referees for double-blind peer review evaluation and gives green light for publication upon modification by the authors in accordance with the referees’ claims.

Peer Review

Editor-in-Chief evaluates manuscripts for their scientific content without regard to ethnic origin, gender, citizenship, religious belief or political philosophy of the authors. He/She provides a fair double-blind peer review of the submitted articles for publication and ensures that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential before publishing.Editor-in-Chief is responsible for the contents and overall quality of the publication. He/She must publish errata pages or make corrections when needed.Editor-in-Chief does not allow any conflicts of interest between the authors, editors and reviewers. Only he has the full authority to assign a reviewer and is responsible for final decision for publication of the manuscripts in the journal.Reviewers must have no conflict of interest with respect to the research, the authors and/or the research funders. Their judgments must be objective.Reviewers must ensure that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential and must report to the editor if they are aware of copyright infringement and plagiarism on the author’s side.A reviewer who feels unqualified to review the topic of a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse himself from the review process.The editor informs the reviewers that the manuscripts are confidential information and that this is a privileged interaction. The reviewers and editorial board cannot discuss the manuscripts with other persons. The anonymity of the referees must be ensured. In particular situations, the editor may share the review of one reviewer with other reviewers to clarify a particular point.

Only those manuscripts approved by its every individual author and that were not published before in or sent to another journal, are accepted for evaluation.Submitted manuscripts that pass preliminary control are scanned for plagiarism using iThenticate software. After plagiarism check, the eligible ones are evaluated by editor-in-chief for their originality, methodology, the importance of the subject covered and compliance with the journal scope.  Editor-in-chief evaluates manuscripts for their scientific content without regard to ethnic origin, gender, sexual orientation, citizenship, religious belief or political philosophy of the authors and ensures a fair double-blind peer review of the selected manuscripts.The selected manuscripts are sent to at least two national/international referees for evaluation and publication decision is given by editor-in-chief  upon modification by the authors in accordance with the referees’ claims.Editor in chief does not allow any conflicts of interest between the authors, editors and reviewers and is responsible for final decision for publication of the manuscripts in the Journal.Reviewers’ judgments must be objective. Reviewers’ comments on the following aspects are expected while conducting the review.-    Does the manuscript contain new and significant information?-    Does the abstract clearly and accurately describe the content of the manuscript?-    Is the problem significant and concisely stated?-    Are the methods described comprehensively?-    Are the interpretations and consclusions justified by the results?-    Is adequate references made to other Works in the field?-    Is the language acceptable?Reviewers must ensure that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential and must report to the editor if they are aware of copyright infringement and plagiarism on the author’s side.A reviewer who feels unqualified to review the topic of a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse himself from the review process.The editor informs the reviewers that the manuscripts are confidential information and that this is a privileged interaction. The reviewers and editorial board cannot discuss the manuscripts with other persons. The anonymity of the referees is important.

LanguageArticles in Turkish, English, German, French and Italian are published. Submitted manuscript must include an abstract both in the article language and in English, and an extended abstract in English as well. However extended abstract in English is not required for articles in English.Manuscript Organization and SubmissionAll correspondence will be sent to the first-named author unless otherwise specified. Manuscpript is to be submitted online via <a href="http://dergipark.gov.tr/login" target="_blank">http://dergipark.gov.tr/login</a> that can be accessed at <a href="https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/iuanadolu" target="_blank">https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/iuanadolu</a> and it must be accompanied by a <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/783CF472CBF7462C854CF4C5BBA9C7C3" target="_blank">Title Page</a> specifying the article category (i.e. research article, review etc.) and including information about the manuscript (see the Submission Checklist). Manuscripts should be prepared in Microsoft Word 2003 and upper versions. In addition, <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/37F3B957BCF54F60A70319FCFCF702D8" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form</a> that has to be signed by all authors must be submitted. <ol><li>Manuscripts should be prepared using the Article Template. Due to double blind peer review, manuscript file must not include any information about the author.  </li><li>A <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/592D6CDEA83E46C39252B3545F6D91E6" target="_blank">title page</a> including author information must be submitted together with the manuscript. The title page is to include fully descriptive title of the manuscript and, affiliation, title, e-mail address, ORCID, postal address, phone, mobile phone and fax number of the author(s) (see The Submission Checklist).</li><li>Before the introduction part, there should be an abstract of 120-200 words both in the language of the article and in English. An extended abstract in English between 600-800 words, summarizing the scope, the purpose, the results of the study and the methodology used is to be included following the abstracts. If the manuscript is in English, extended abstract is not required. Underneath the abstracts, 5 keywords that inform the reader about the content of the study should be specified in the language of the article and in English.</li><li>The manuscripts should contain mainly these components: title, abstract and keywords; extended abstract, sections, references, tables and figures.</li><li>References should be in accordance with American Psychological Association (APA) style 6th Edition.</li><li>Authors are responsible for all statements made in their work submitted to the journal for publication.</li></ol>

Author Guidelines

Research Article: Original research articles report substantial and original scientific results within the journal scope. Original research articles are comprised of Abstract, Key Words, Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusion, References and Figures, Tables and Graphics.Abstract:  The abstracts in the language of the article and in English must be between 120- 200 words and state aim, method, result and conclusions of the study. If the article is in Turkish, German, French or Italian, an extended abstract of 600-800 words in English must be written as well following the abstracts.Introduction: This section must contain a clear statement of the general and specific objectives as well as the hypotheses which the work is designed to test. It should also give a brief account of the reported literature. It should clearly state the primary and secondary purposes of the article. Only, the actual references related with the issues have to be indicated and data or findings related with the current study must not be included in this section.Methods: This section must contain explicit, concise descriptions of all procedures, materials and methods (i.e. data sources, participants, scales, interviews/reviews, basic measurements, applications, statistical methods) used in the investigation to enable the reader to judge their accuracy, reproducibility, etc. This section should include the known findings at the beginning of the study and the findings during the study must be reported in results section.Results: The results should be presented in logical sequence in the text, tables, and figures, giving the main or most important findings first. The all the data in the tables or figures should not be repeated in the text; only the most important observations must be emphasized or summarized..Discussion: The findings of the study, the findings and results which support or do not support the hypothesis of the study should be discussed, results should be compared and contrasted with findings of other studies in the literature and the different findings from other studies should be explained. The new and important aspects of the study and the conclusions that follow from them should be emphasized. The data or other information given in the Introduction or the Results section should not be repeated in detail.Conclusions: Conclusions derived from the study should be stated.. The conclusions should be linked with the goals of the study but unqualified statements and conclusions not adequately supported by the data should be avoided. New hypotheses should be stated when warranted, but should be labeled clearly as such.Figures, Tables and Graphics: Figures, tables and graphics materials should be “.jpg, .tiff or .jpeg” format and they should be submitted with the article. These materials should be min. 300 pixels and they must not be bigger than page size. The illustrations should not exceed 10 pages. All illustrations should be labelled and a list of figures with captions, legends, and credits should be provided on a separate page.Review Article: Reviews prepared by authors who have extensive knowledge on a particular field and whose scientific background has been translated into a high volume of publications with a high citation potential are welcomed. These authors may even be invited by the journal. Review article should contain title, abstract and keywords; body text with sections, and references.<div style="text-align: left;"> </div>

<div><a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/37F3B957BCF54F60A70319FCFCF702D8" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form</a><a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/5350E40CC1DA46329BCF534921596393" target="_blank">Title Page</a><a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/37BCCB75732B455C88A073D2A5A517CC" target="_blank">Author Form</a></div>

Anatolian Research – Anadolu Araştırmaları complies with APA (American Psychological Association) style 6th Edition for referencing and quoting. For more information:- American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: APA.- <a href="http://www.apastyle.org" target="_blank">http://www.apastyle.org</a>Accuracy of citation is the author’s responsibility. All references should be cited in text. Reference list must be in alphabetical order. Type references in the style shown below.Citations in the TextCitations must be indicated with the author surname and publication year within the parenthesis. If more than one citation is made within the same paranthesis, separate them with (;).Samples:<div style="text-align: left;">More than one citation;</div><div style="text-align: left;">(Esin et al., 2002; Karasar, 1995)</div><div style="text-align: left;">Citation with one author;</div><div style="text-align: left;">(Akyolcu, 2007)</div><div style="text-align: left;">Citation with two authors;</div><div style="text-align: left;">(Sayıner &amp; Demirci, 2007)</div><div style="text-align: left;">Citation with three, four, five authors;</div><div style="text-align: left;">First citation in the text: (Ailen, Ciambrune, &amp; Welch, 2000) Subsequent citations in the text: (Ailen et al., 2000)</div><div style="text-align: left;">Citations with more than six authors;</div><div style="text-align: left;">(Çavdar et al., 2003)</div><div style="text-align: left;">Citations in the Reference</div><div style="text-align: left;">All the citations done in the text should be listed in the References section in alphabetical order of author surname without numbering. Below given examples should be considered in citing the references.</div>Basic Reference TypesBook<div style="text-align: left;">a) Turkish Book</div><div style="text-align: left;">Karasar, N. (1995). Araştırmalarda rapor hazırlama (8th ed.) [Preparing research reports]. Ankara, Turkey: 3A Eğitim Danışmanlık Ltd.</div><div style="text-align: left;">b) Book Translated into Turkish</div><div style="text-align: left;">Mucchielli, A. (1991). Zihniyetler [Mindsets] (A. Kotil, Trans.). İstanbul, Turkey: İletişim Yayınları.</div><div style="text-align: left;">c) Edited Book</div><div style="text-align: left;">Ören, T., Üney, T., &amp; Çölkesen, R. (Eds.). (2006). Türkiye bilişim ansiklopedisi [Turkish encyclopedia of informatics]. İstanbul, Turkey: Papatya Yayıncılık.</div><div style="text-align: left;">d) Turkish Book with Multiple Authors</div><div style="text-align: left;">Tonta, Y., Bitirim, Y., &amp; Sever, H. (2002). Türkçe arama motorlarında performans değerlendirme [Performance evaluation in Turkish search engines]. Ankara, Turkey: Total Bilişim.</div><div style="text-align: left;">e) Book in English</div><div style="text-align: left;">Kamien R., &amp; Kamien A. (2014). Music: An appreciation. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.</div><div style="text-align: left;">f) Chapter in an Edited Book</div><div style="text-align: left;">Bassett, C. (2006). Cultural studies and new media. In G. Hall &amp; C. Birchall (Eds.), New cultural studies: Adventures in theory (pp. 220–237). Edinburgh, UK: Edinburgh University Press.</div>g) Chapter in an Edited Book in TurkishErkmen, T. (2012). Örgüt kültürü: Fonksiyonları, öğeleri, işletme yönetimi ve liderlikteki önemi [Organization culture: Its functions, elements and importance in leadership and business management]. In M. Zencirkıran (Ed.), Örgüt sosyolojisi [Organization sociology] (pp. 233–263). Bursa, Turkey: Dora Basım Yayın.<div style="text-align: left;">h) Book with the same organization as author and publisher</div><div style="text-align: left;">American Psychological Association. (2009). Publication manual of the American psychological association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.</div>Article<div style="text-align: left;">a) Turkish Article</div><div style="text-align: left;">Mutlu, B., &amp; Savaşer, S. (2007). Çocuğu ameliyat sonrası yoğun bakımda olan ebeveynlerde stres nedenleri ve azaltma girişimleri [Source and intervention reduction of stress for parents whose children are in intensive care unit after surgery]. Istanbul University Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing, 15(60), 179–182.</div><div style="text-align: left;">b) English Article</div><div style="text-align: left;">de Cillia, R., Reisigl, M., &amp; Wodak, R. (1999). The discursive construction of national identity. Discourse and Society, 10(2), 149–173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957926599010002002</div><div style="text-align: left;">c) Journal Article with DOI and More Than Seven Authors</div><div style="text-align: left;">Lal, H., Cunningham, A. L., Godeaux, O., Chlibek, R., Diez-Domingo, J., Hwang, S.-J. ... Heineman, T. C. (2015). Efficacy of an adjuvanted herpes zoster subunit vaccine in older adults. New England Journal of Medicine, 372, 2087–2096. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1501184</div><div style="text-align: left;">d) Journal Article from Web, without DOI</div><div style="text-align: left;">Sidani, S. (2003). Enhancing the evaluation of nursing care effectiveness. Canadian Journal of Nursing Research, 35(3), 26–38. Retrieved from http://cjnr.mcgill.ca</div><div style="text-align: left;">e) Journal Article wih DOI</div><div style="text-align: left;">Turner, S. J. (2010). Website statistics 2.0: Using Google Analytics to measure library website effectiveness. Technical Services Quarterly, 27, 261–278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07317131003765910</div><div style="text-align: left;">f) Advance Online Publication</div><div style="text-align: left;">Smith, J. A. (2010). Citing advance online publication: A review. Journal of Psychology. Advance online publication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a45d7867</div><div style="text-align: left;">g) Article in a Magazine</div><div style="text-align: left;">Henry, W. A., III. (1990, April 9). Making the grade in today’s schools. Time, 135, 28–31.</div>Doctoral Dissertation, Master’s Thesis, Presentation, Proceeding<div style="text-align: left;">a) Dissertation/Thesis from a Commercial Database</div><div style="text-align: left;">Van Brunt, D. (1997). Networked consumer health information systems (Doctoral dissertation). Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 9943436)</div><div style="text-align: left;">b) Dissertation/Thesis from an Institutional Database</div><div style="text-align: left;">Yaylalı-Yıldız, B. (2014). University campuses as places of potential publicness: Exploring the politicals, social and cultural practices in Ege University (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tr/hizli-erisim/iyte-tez-portali</div><div style="text-align: left;">c) Dissertation/Thesis from Web</div><div style="text-align: left;">Tonta, Y. A. (1992). An analysis of search failures in online library catalogs (Doctoral dissertation, University of California, Berkeley). Retrieved from http://yunus.hacettepe.edu.tr/~tonta/yayinlar /phd/ickapak.html</div><div style="text-align: left;">d) Dissertation/Thesis abstracted in Dissertations Abstracts International</div><div style="text-align: left;">Appelbaum, L. G. (2005). Three studies of human information processing: Texture amplifica-tion, motion representation, and figure-ground segregation. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B. Sciences and Engineering, 65(10), 5428.</div><div style="text-align: left;">e) Symposium Contribution</div><div style="text-align: left;">Krinsky-McHale, S. J., Zigman, W. B., &amp; Silverman, W. (2012, August). Are neuropsychiatric symptoms markers of prodromal Alzheimer’s disease in adults with Down syndrome? In W. B. Zigman (Chair), Predictors of mild cognitive impairment, dementia, and mortality in adults with Down syndrome. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, Orlando, FL.</div><div style="text-align: left;">f) Conference Paper Abstract Retrieved Online</div><div style="text-align: left;">Liu, S. (2005, May). Defending against business crises with the help of intelligent agent based early warning solutions. Paper presented at the Seventh International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems, Miami, FL. Abstract retrieved from http://www.iceis.org/iceis2005/abstracts_2005.htm</div><div style="text-align: left;">g) Conference Paper - In Regularly Published Proceedings and Retrieved Online</div><div style="text-align: left;">Herculano-Houzel, S., Collins, C. E., Wong, P., Kaas, J. H., &amp; Lent, R. (2008). The basic nonuniformity of the cerebral cortex. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105, 12593–12598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0805417105</div><div style="text-align: left;">h) Proceeding in Book Form</div><div style="text-align: left;">Parsons, O. A., Pryzwansky, W. B., Weinstein, D. J., &amp; Wiens, A. N. (1995). Taxonomy for psychology. In J. N. Reich, H. Sands, &amp; A. N. Wiens (Eds.), Education and training beyond the doctoral degree: Proceedings of the American Psychological Association National Conference on Postdoctoral Education and Training in Psychology (pp. 45–50). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.</div><div style="text-align: left;">i) Paper Presentation</div><div style="text-align: left;">Nguyen, C. A. (2012, August). Humor and deception in advertising: When laughter may not be the best medicine. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, Orlando, FL.</div>Other Sources<div style="text-align: left;">a) Newspaper Article</div><div style="text-align: left;">Browne, R. (2010, March 21). This brainless patient is no dummy. Sydney Morning Herald, 45.</div><div style="text-align: left;">b) Newspaper Article with no Author</div><div style="text-align: left;">New drug appears to sharply cut risk of death from heart failure. (1993, July 15). The Washington Post, p. A12.</div><div style="text-align: left;">c) Web Page/Blog Post</div><div style="text-align: left;">Bordwell, D. (2013, June 18). David Koepp: Making the world movie-sized [Web log post]. Retrieved from http://www.davidbordwell.net/blog/page/27/</div><div style="text-align: left;">d) Online Encyclopedia/Dictionary</div><div style="text-align: left;">Ignition. (1989). In Oxford English online dictionary (2nd ed.). Retrieved from http://dictionary.oed. com</div><div style="text-align: left;">Marcoux, A. (2008). Business ethics. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.). The Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy. Retrieved from http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ethics-business/</div><div style="text-align: left;">e) Podcast</div><div style="text-align: left;">Dunning, B. (Producer). (2011, January 12). inFact: Conspiracy theories [Video podcast]. Retrieved from <a href="http://itunes.apple.com/" style="font-size: 9pt;" target="_blank">http://itunes.apple.com/</a></div><div style="text-align: left;">f) Single Episode in a Television Series</div><div style="text-align: left;">Egan, D. (Writer), &amp; Alexander, J. (Director). (2005). Failure to communicate. [Television series episode]. In D. Shore (Executive producer), House; New York, NY: Fox Broadcasting.</div><div style="text-align: left;">g) Music</div><div style="text-align: left;">Fuchs, G. (2004). Light the menorah. On Eight nights of Hanukkah [CD]. Brick, NJ: Kid Kosher.</div>

Ensure that the following items are present:<ul><li>Confirm that the category of the manuscript is specifed.</li><li>Confirm that “the paper is not under consideration for publication in another journal”.</li><li>Confirm that  disclosure of any commercial or financial involvement is provided.</li><li>Confirm that last control for fluent English was done.</li><li>Confirm that journal policies detailed in Information for Authors have been reviewed.</li><li>Confirm that the references cited in the text and listed in the references section are in with APA 6th. </li></ul>●    <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/37F3B957BCF54F60A70319FCFCF702D8" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form</a>●    Permission of previous published material if used in the present manuscript●    <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/9256E76303E9478186A85666B8865A9E" target="_blank">Title page</a><ul><li>The category of the manuscript</li><li>The title of the manuscript both in the language of the article and in English</li><li>All authors’ names and affiliations (institution, faculty/department, city, country), e-mail addresses</li><li>Corresponding author’s email address, full postal address, telephone and fax number</li><li>ORCIDs of all authors.</li><li>Grant support (if exists)</li><li>Conflict of interest (if exists)</li><li>Acknowledgement (if exists)</li></ul>●    Main Manuscript Document<ul><li>Important: Please avoid mentioning the the author (s) names in the manuscript</li><li>The title of the manuscript both in the language of the article and in English</li><li>Abstract (120-200 words)</li><li>Key words: 5 words</li><li>Extended abstract in English: 600-800 words (for non-english articles)</li><li>Body text sections</li><li>References</li><li>All tables, illustrations (figures) (including title, explanation, captions)</li></ul>

ISSN	0569-9746
E-ISSN	2667-629X
Period	Annually
Editor	Mustafa Hamdi Sayar
Anatolian Research – Anadolu Araştırmaları is the publication of Istanbul University, Faculty of Letters. It is an open access, international, peer-reviewed journal published biannually in June and December. The journal was founded in 1955. Manuscripts submitted for publication should be in Turkish, English, German, French or Italian. Anatolian Research – Anadolu Araştırmaları aims to contribute to the dissemination of scientific knowledge through publication of high quality articles in accordance with the international publishing standards. The journal publishes studies which examine Anatolia and its related regions from prehistoric times to late antiquity. The areas of study covered in the scope of the journal are Ancient History, Archeology, Art History, History of Architecture, Anthropology, Epigraphy, Numismatic, Historical Geography and Archeometry.

Anatolian Research

CURRENT ISSUE

A Middle Paleolithic Settlement from the Northern Levant: The Finds of Üçağızlı II Cave

Multi-Proxy Approach to Archaeological Dung Research: New Evidence from Aceramic Neolithic Site of Aşıklı Höyük, Central Anatolia

A New Aceramic Neolithic Site Nearby the Obsidian Sources: Preliminary Insights from Sırçalıtepe

Preliminary Evaluations of the Bilecik Bahçelievler Neolithic Chipped Stone Assemblage

Understanding the Urbanization Process in Çine-Tepecik’s Cultural Development

The Battle of Tigranocerta (69 BC): A Reconsideration

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The Cult of Theos Hypsistos in the Black Sea and Anatolian Cities

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A New Look at Ağın Hoşrik and Kalecikler Area Rescue Excavations

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