CALL FOR PAPERS

Nurullah

İlyas

Prof.

The Great Purge marks the period that started with Operational Order No. 00447 of the Narodny Komissariyat Vnutrennih Del (NKVD) dated July 30, 1937 and ended with a decree in November 1938. During this time, the Soviet government implemented a policy of repression and assimilation that has rarely been seen in the world. During the Great Liquidation process, the pressure mechanism was intense both in public and private life. In addition, the Soviet government implemented harsh policies aimed at destroying people belonging to various social classes (e.g., Kulaks, dissidents, intellectuals) that it had defined as potential internal enemies, accusing them of being enemies of the people, ethnic nationalists, Trotskyists, and agents. In this context, the study evaluates the political, social, and economic changes the USSR implemented in Kazakhstan during the Great Liquidation process based on primary sources and archival documents.After the October Revolution in Russia, a central organization was needed to silence dissenting voices. Thus, the foundations were laid for the secret police organization that would be the tool of the totalitarian regime. This organization had the authority to investigate counter-revolutionary crimes. However, it soon also gained jurisdiction. The changes made to the Criminal Code of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSC) in 1926 increased the powers of the police force. Thus began a campaign of terror against the propertied classes and enemies of the Soviet regime. The secret police operated as the most powerful and feared Soviet institution during the Stalin era. This study discusses the formation and activities of the secret police organization of the USSR in Kazakhstan.One of the important policies the Soviet Union implemented in Kazakhstan was the policy of collectivization. The meeting of the Kazakh Communist Party on November 15-23, 1927 accepted the expropriation of the wealth of the Kazakh wealthy. While implementing a policy of Sovietization in Kazakh villages, the Soviet government classified the wealthy people as socially dangerous elements, then confiscated their property and animals and exiled them to various places. This study also discusses the social changes and their consequences as a result of the repressive policies of the USSR in Kazakhstan.One of the complex systems of administrative punishment the Soviets implemented involved correctional camps and labor camps. Those who carried out destructive activities against the Soviet regime in these camps were condemned to work under very harsh physical&nbsp;conditions. These camps became observation places and prisons where people were deprived of their freedom, isolated from society, and forced to work in order to prevent them from committing dangerous acts. The Labor and Rehabilitation Camps became punishment centers for both changing the demographic structure of Kazakhstan and silencing dissidents. Many of the Kazakh intellectuals who were sent to labor camps in Kazakhstan were killed during the Great Purge, with their spouses and children also being sent to these camps. Women and children in these camps frequently lost their lives due to starvation and neglect as a result of the harsh working conditions. This study reveals the reasons for the establishment of the camps and the functioning of the totalitarian system during Stalin’s rule. In addition, the study performs a historical analysis about the realization process, the methods of implementation, and the results of the Soviet totalitarian policy in Kazakhstan.&nbsp;

Great Purge Period of the Soviet Union in Kazakhstan (1937-1938)

Ökkeş

Assoc. Prof.

Sezer

With the discovery of the airplane in the 20th century, a new era was opened in the field of aviation. Contrary to popular belief, airplanes have been used simultaneously for both civilian and military purposes. The first postal flight service in the world occurred on February 18, 1911 to the city of Naini, 10 kilometers from the city of Allahabad in India. In addition, the first airmail service in Europe was made between Windsor and Hendon in England on September 9 The first scheduled flight occurred on January 1, 1914 from Petersburg to Tampa Bay in Flordida, USA. While passenger transportation had started at this time in the USA, scheduled passenger and civil mail air transportation activities did not take place in Europe due to World War I.In parallel with all these, Ottoman Air Force pilots Nuri Bey and Hakkı Bey transferred the first airmail letters written by the Lefke Post and Telegraph Manager to the Bilecik and Eskişehir post offices in the Ottoman Empire on February 9, 1914. As with the rest of the affected world, the Ottoman government was unable to invest in the civil aviation sector once World War I started. After the Armistice of Mudros in October 1918, many efforts were made by the Allies to establish airmail lines with Istanbul and other big cities of Europe, with the French starting military airmail transportation between Istanbul and Bucharest on July 8, 1919 under the Eastern Allied Arms Command.In addition to the activities of the Allies, the Ottoman government also prepared some initiatives regarding civil air transportation in this period. In this context, the archive documents show that the Post, Telegraph, and Telephone Directorate had the Ministry of Internal Affairs make some investigations and requested permission to establish an airmail route between Trabzon and Istanbul via seaplanes on August 24.This study also discusses all similar initiatives in detail.All agreements signed by the Ottoman Grand Viziership in Istanbul during the National Struggle were suspended by the Grand National Assembly of Türkiye (TBMM) in Ankara. For this reason, until the Lausanne Peace Treaty, no civil initiatives occurred within Türkiye. After the proclamation of the Republic, the first agreement was signed with the Aero Espresso Italiana Company on September 18, 1924 for flights between Brindisi and Istanbul. The period that followed saw an agreement made with the Franco-Roumanie Company on August 17, 1925 for the Istanbul-Bucharest airline. On October 21 of the same year, Junkers Company submitted a proposal text to the Ministry of Public Works for air shipments within and beyond Türkiye. Despite the constant revisions to many of its proposals, the company could not bring the Turkish government to the signing stage. In addition to companies, many domestic and foreign personal initiatives contacted the government about engaging in civil aviation activities in Türkiye. However, the government noteworthily did not take kindly to these proposals.This study aims to discuss in detail the activities of the Deutsche Lufthansa Company in the field of civil aviation in Türkiye between 1928-1933 and to convey in detail the proposal the&nbsp;company submitted to the Turkish government, the correspondence, the text of the agreement, how active the two countries’ embassies were in this process, and flight charts.The study addresses this subject by mainly making use of the Ottoman, Republican, and Turkish Diplomatic Archives of the Presidency of the Republic of Türkiye State Archives. In particular, the study is the first to use documents related to this subject in the Turkish Diplomatic Archive. To point these out, the study obtained documents, photographs, and flight charts by contacting current officials of the Lufthansa Company. The study additionally used local and foreign periodicals as well as research works and articles.In this period when Türkiye was working to establish a domestic airline administration, the attempt to transfer all kinds of technology and experience from Lufthansa were seen to be significantly inferred. In addition, Türkiye was trying to integrate the newly established state to the whole world in the international arena by organizing flights from Istanbul to Berlin, one of the most important capitals of Europe. The fact that a large part of the personnel to be employed in the facilities being established were Turkish stands out as a serious gain for the creation of technical personnel in the field of employment and aviation in Türkiye.During and after negotiations, the Turkish authorities communicated with foreign investors from a distance in a controlled manner due to the capitulations in effect in the past. Soldiers approached companies more distantly than civilian bureaucrats. As a matter of fact, they demanded that they be informed down to the smallest details during the negotiation and the active period. Once the government believed the time had come to establish a local administration after gaining sufficient experience, the company ended its activities by exercising its legal rights.&nbsp;

Civil Aviation in Türkiye and the Activities of the Lufthansa  Company (1928-1933)

Zoya

Öğretim Görevlisi Dr.

Proverbs are an ancient and recognized part of folk literature and reveal the wisdom, philosophy, ethical norms, experiences, and aesthetic ideals of folk culture. Comparative analyses of proverbs in different languages have become increasingly important at the current stage in the development of linguistics. This article compares Russian and Turkish proverbs that involve the concept of family. Proverbs about family make up a significantly sized group in both languages. The concept of family plays an important role in social structure and reflects the collective thoughts of a society. The comparative analysis of proverbs that involve the concept of family will be a useful source for understanding the philosophy of Turkish and Russian people and for studying the similarities and differences in the languages of the two nations.This study throughout conducts a relevant literature review while analyzing the proverbs that involve concepts such as family, mother, father, husband, wife, children, daughter/son, and relatives. As a result, the comparison of 155 proverbs (81 Russian and 74 Turkish) involving the concept of family has revealed common and national features, as well as similarities and differences in their meanings, in addition to the explanations related to the contexts and characteristics of these proverbs. The data have been analyzed and presented in four charts with the following headings:1. Proverbs that are identical both in meaning and form (exactly identical); 2. Proverbs that are identical in meaning but only partially identical in form (partially identical); 3. Proverbs that are identical in meaning but different in form (similar equivalence); 4. Turkish proverbs that have no equivalent in Russian, and Russian proverbs that have no equivalent in Turkish (nonequivalence).As a result, the study has found many Russian and Turkish proverbs to exist that have identical meanings (124 out of 150). Most of the Russian and Turkish proverbs that were analyzed with different lexical context and images were revealed to be similar to each other in terms of content. Distinct lexical forms of these proverbs carry information and characteristics that are unique to the relevant nation.The above-mentioned facts have allowed this study to conclude that the general attitude of Russians and Turks toward family to be the same in many respects (e.g., importance of kinship ties, degree of kinship, role of individuals in the family), which shows both nations to have a common mindset. This commonality is also proven correct by the fact that a small group of proverbs (16 out of 150) in both languages consists of proverbs that overlap in both form and context.While conducting a comparative analysis of Russian and Turkish proverbs involving the concept of family, proverbs were encountered (15 out of 150) in both Russian and Turkish that are almost impossible to find in any other language, and the identified features are based on internal and external linguistic factors (e.g., historical, cultural, religious, ethnic).Comparing the proverbs of these two different nations shows how much they have in common and also helps build better relations. In this respect, this study is believed to be important because Turkey and Russia are continuing to develop both friendly relations as well as economic ties. This status quo creates the need to get to know one another, which in turn allows both countries to respect each other’s history, culture, and way of life.The proverbs analyzed here can be included in any dictionary of proverbs that might be prepared in the future. This article is also hoped to become a reference source for students who are learning Russian and Turkish as a foreign language.&nbsp;

A Comparative Analysis of Russian and Turkish Proverbs  Involving the Concept of Family

Mustafa

Hajj pilgrimages to the Hijaz from lands under the administration of the Russian Empire intensified at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century with the effects from the increase in transportation facilities. These pilgrims braved a very difficult journey in terms of the distance and time they had to overcome and attached great importance to being in Istanbul, which they regarded as the completion of the pilgrimage alongside arriving at the Hijaz. In order to deeply experience the spiritual climate of Istanbul, they tried to stay in inns close to the monumental mosques and to fulfill their daily prayers in these mosques. The pilgrims made various cultural contacts during their stay in Istanbul and turned the places they had initially established as accommodations and meeting places for obtaining the necessary permits from the Ottoman government for things like travel into Sufi centers. Bukharan pilgrims built cultural bridges between Bukhara and Turkey, particularly between Bukhara and Istanbul.To arrive in Istanbul, the Bukharan pilgrims reached the Caspian Sea, travelled to Crimea by way of Astrakhan, and then to Istanbul by sea via the ports in Kefe, Anapa, Azov, or Ozi on the north coast of the Black Sea. A small number of pilgrims who wished to perform the pilgrimage without stopping in Istanbul first came to the ports in Sinop or Samsun on the Black Sea coast. They then travelled overland to join the caravans that left Istanbul for Damascus in Eskişehir and Konya.While the pilgrimage was already a long journey, the reasons for making it even longer by coming to Istanbul can be explained by the spiritual world of the pilgrims as well as their view of the world. Visiting the caliphate before or after the pilgrimage was regarded as an essential part of the pilgrimage, as well as visiting the mosques and holy places in Istanbul, and Bukharan pilgrims wanted to feel this spiritual climate in their hearts.Pilgrims who arrived in Istanbul after a long journey would stay there for a while. The pilgrims, who included scholars, dervishes, and sheikhs, visited locales that had an important place in the cultural life of Istanbul and communicated with Ottoman scholars and dervishes.Dervish lodges and khanqahs were among the places pilgrims visited. These places had strong spiritual ties with Ottoman civilization , and this was the main reason pilgrims came.In addition, the pilgrims from Bukhara in particular had also established their own Sufi lodges in Istanbul. Emir Buhâri Tekke and Murâd-ı Buhâri Tekke stand out among the lodges founded by Bukharan Sufis. These Sufi institutions founded after two important names who’d&nbsp;come to Istanbul as a result of their pilgrimages can be seen to have played an important role in Istanbul’s cultural life, especially during the pilgrimages from Bukhara when they became centers for pilgrims to visit.Divâne Ali Özbek Tekke in Bülbül Deresi was a lodge dedicated to accommodating the people of Bukhara. Although the expenses of the dervish lodge were covered by the Ottoman government, this support was insufficient to meet the pilgrims’ expenses, so those who stayed there tried to learn an art and earn income. The lithography method taught by Sheikh Hajji Mehmed Salih Efendi is the most important example of this. He used to print books with this method. In 1860, he applied to the Education Council (Maarif Meclisi) and submitted by letters his request to print books. That printing was carried out in the Özbek Tekke, which was frequented by pilgrims and where people with many different professions and skills came together, was not a coincidental development. Some of these people residing in the tekke, who were mostly Turks from the Turkestan geography, can also be said to have had previous experience using a printing press. The widespread use of the printing press in Bukhara, Tashkent, and Samarkand at that time was the most important reason for this.The Uzbek Tekke of Naqshbandi, located in the Küçük Ayasofya neighborhood of Kadırga, was founded by İsmâil Efendi, the Istanbul Treasurer (Defterdar) for Naqshî dervishes coming from Turkestan. Due to the important role the Uzbeki sheikhs played in the relations between the Ottoman Empire and the Turkestan khanates, this Sufi lodge was considered the most important of the Uzbek tekkes in Istanbul. The Uzbek Tekke in Üsküdar was a seedbed for keeping alive the characteristics of the Turkestan Sufi culture that were specific to the Yassawiyya. The fact that Sheikh Mehmed Sâdık Efendi spread the art of marbling, which he had learned in Bukhara, by teaching it in Istanbul and that his son and successor, Sheikh İbrahim Edhem Efendi, nicknamed hezarfen [man of 1,000 sciences], practiced handcrafts such as calligraphy, marbling, fine carpentry, hakkâk, printing, weaving, and carving shows not only the spiritual aspect of the Sufi lodge but also its place in the history of Turkish art. The Uzbek Tekke was not only a shelter for those coming from Turkestan, but also a consulate for those coming from the region.In addition, the Bukharan sheikhs and dervishes in Istanbul were understood to have had close relations with the Ottoman dynasty. Sultan Abdul Hamid II’s closeness with Suleyman Efendi of Bukhara, the Sheikh of the Uzbek Tekke, at the beginning of his reign is the most important example of this. Sheikh Suleyman Efendi first came to Istanbul as the administrative clerk of the Emir of Bukhara and later became the sheikh of the Uzbek Tekke in Istanbul. In 1869, Sheikh Süleyman Efendi was sent to Turkestan to explain the Ottoman Empire’s Turkestan policy to the Bukharan people.The cultural contacts Turkestan pilgrims had in Ottoman lands are noteworthy in terms of how they affected both geographies. Thanks to the pilgrimages, societies got to know each other more closely and found the opportunity to discover their cultural commonalities. This study analyzes the traces of these cultural contacts in light of the literature and archival documents.&nbsp;

Pilgrims’ Cultural Contacts on Their Journey to the Hijaz from  Bukhara in the 19th Century

Kürşat

The word medeniyet in Turkey Turkish is a translation of civilization in western languages. The word Civilization comes from Latin civil, a word about the society and city life. Our intellectuals made the translation medeniyet from Arabic medine, which is also an important city. Our cities have been examined through the settlements in the steppes, the nomadic armies that hold the cities in trade routes and the steppe people who left the nomadic lifestyle and settled.According to Tuncer Baykara, the first step of the settled life is village, and the last step is the city. A village is composed of a few houses. In Azerbaijan Turkish kend, in Turkmen Turkish oba, in Ozbek Turkish kışlak, and in Kirghiz and Kazakh tongues avul correspond to village. The Ozbek version of village, kışlak is about the habit of changing locations according to the weather. Turkey Turks name the location that the village people move to during summer yaylak, a word that is common in almost every dialect of Turkic languages. Kasaba, which is the word for town, is an Arabic word. It is related to the settlement where the entrance and exit are cut off and its borders surrounded. It can be understood as a type of city. Şehir, which means city, corresponds to Old Turkic balık, a word possibly about mud, dirt, and cement. Its reason is that in Turkestan the base building material was adobe, which was obtained through the mixture of mud, straw, and tree branches. 9th century Eastern Turkic used the Sogdian word kend, instead of balık. Kend is used in Anatolian Turkish, and köy in modernday Azerbaijan Turkish corresponds to the Uyghur Turkish for kasaba. In modern day, the word şehir is commonly used. It represents both the city center and a place for settlement in a broad sense. In another sense, şehir means a settlement with walls. The old cities in Turkestan area are classified as “feudal city structures”. The main element of the feudal city is a wall to build to separate the city from the threats of the steppes, outsiders, farmers, villagers and other feudal powers. The word şehir has its roots in the Persian word hsasra, which means “sovereignty” and also “state”.In the Turkestan area, Turks had settlements and cities before the years of common era. We can determine this data through archeological findings. In written historical sources, we can come across cities in Arabic sources with a population of “Turks” in 7th century and beyond. In old Chinese sources, it is said that Turks “didn’t have cities”. Its main reason being that the Chinese viewed all northern nomads as Turks. Also, in the old world, the ethnicities and roots of the peoples of the cities are rarely mentioned. People identified themselves with their cities, such as Kaşgarlı and Buharalı, which means from Kashgar and from Bukhara respectively.&nbsp;In the steppes, the nomads had no economical reason to build a city, even so they viewed urbanization as a threat to their livestock economy. Turks preferred to move in accordance with the weather. Even when they settled, they had tendencies to continue the traditions of the nomadic movements. In warm times, they preferred to go to high places and in cold times to holes and places that could block the wind. Cities were built accordingly. It is so in the life of the people and governors of the Old Turkic steppes.The city mainly consisted of two parts. The first one was the inner city, called medine in Arabic and şehristan in Persian. The outer city is called rebad in Arabic and birun in Persian. In the works of Arabic geographers, it is said there were great distances between rebad and şehristan walls.The city has the qualities of a market. Turkestan cities usually have markets at their centers. The livelihood and the continuity of the city mostly depend on the market’s survival. It is sometimes called çarşı.Where Settled Old Turkic peoples lived, there were cities and city-states. These states’ centers were encircled with walls. The ruler, governors, lords, commanders, noble, clergy, merchants, and common folk lived in these walls, so that the cities’ structures were placed accordingly.In the city, the center surrounded by walls was divided into two parts, the inner city where the palace of the ruler was located, and the inner city where the residences, buildings and temples of the states and clergy were located. Beyond the walls, there was a second generation, or connected city, where agricultural areas that met their grain, vegetable and fruit needs, markets where consumer goods were bought and sold, and public dwellings were scattered. Apart from this belt, herds were spread across pastures in the farthest corners of the city.&nbsp;

Some Evaluations of Ancient Turks’ City Culture and Structure

Emine

Espionage Operations of Jews at Sinai Front Through Atilhan’s  Perspective

Obidjon

Human Rights in China and Violations of Rights

@JOURNAL_BOX_CURRENT

@JOURNAL_BOX_EARLYVIEW

Bengül

Ahmet

Kemalettin Sami Pasha And Berlın Embassy Actıvıtıes (1924-1934)

Seda

A Legal Struggle After Lausanne: Mixed Arbitral Tribunals

@JOURNAL_BOX_FEATURED

Elşad

The Process To The Khojaly Massacre And Khojaly Massacre In The Turkish Press

Assist. Prof.

Russıa’s Polıcy In Syrıa In The New Geopolıtıcal Envıronment In The Mıddle East

@JOURNAL_BOX_MOSTREAD

The Journal of Eurasian Inquiries (AVID) is a research journal published within the Research Institute of Turkology at Istanbul University. It was established in 1924 and holds the distinction of being Turkey's first research institute. AVID aims to share scientific studies, with the academic world. Prepared in the field of social sciences related to the Eurasian region, spanning from Turkistan to the Caucasus, and from the Balkans to the Middle East.

The Journal of Eurasian Inquiries was first published in 2012 and is released twice a year, in March and September. It is an internationally refereed journal that is currently indexed by TR Index, Index Islamicus, Research Bible (Academic Research Index), Social Science Research Network (SSRN), SOBIAD, Turkish Education Index (TEI), EBSCO, and DOAJ.

Index Islamicus

ResearchBib

Türk Eğitim İndeksi

EBSCO

Social Science Research Network (SSRN)

DOAJ

SOBIAD

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@METRIC_ISSUES

@METRIC_ARTICLES

@METRIC_OPENACCESS

Journal of Eurasian Inquiries

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Editor in Chief

Editor

Responsible Manager

Editorial Management Board Member

Editorial Assistant

Language Editor

Editorial Board Member

Advisory Board Member

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The Journal of Eurasian Inquiries (AVID) aims to provide a platform for scientific studies related to the Eurasian geography and serve as a discussion platform for these studies. AVID aims to increase the accumulation of knowledge in the Eurasian field by featuring high-quality, original, and scientific publications. Thus, it can contribute to the resolution of current issues related to Eurasia. AVID also aims to enrich the Turkish literature on the Eurasian region and adopts a double-blind peer-review and open access process.The Journal of Eurasian Inquiries primarily focuses on theoretical and conceptual studies in the social, political, and economic field related to Eurasia. As an open-access and international journal, AVID has become an important resource for researchers worldwide.AVID publishes research and compilation articles, evaluation studies, book reviews, conference, symposium, and congress papers, as well as field research reports mainly in Turkish, in Turkish dialects which are independent state languages, as well as in English and Russian.

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Index IslamicusResearch Bible (Academic Research Index)Social Science Research Network (SSRN) SOBİADTurkish Education Index (TEİ) EBSCODOAJ

Indexing and Abstracting

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Journal of Eurasian Inquires is committed to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics and pays regard to Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing published by <a href="https://publicationethics.org/" target="_blank">the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)</a>, <a href="https://doaj.org/apply/transparency/#principles-of-transparency-and-best-practice-in-scholarly-publishing" target="_blank">the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)</a>, <a href="https://oaspa.org/" target="_blank">the Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA)</a>, and <a href="https://www.wame.org/" target="_blank">the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME)</a> on <a href="https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-best-practice-scholarly-publishing" target="_blank">https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-best-practice-scholarly-publishing</a>All parties involved in the publishing process (Editors, Reviewers, Authors and Publishers) are expected to agree on the following ethical principles.All submissions must be original, unpublished (including as full text in conference proceedings), and not under the review of any other publication synchronously. Each manuscript is reviewed by one of the editors and at least two referees under double-blind peer review process. Plagiarism, duplication, fraud authorship/denied authorship, research/data fabrication, salami slicing/salami publication, breaching of copyrights, prevailing conflict of interest are unnethical behaviors.All manuscripts not in accordance with the accepted ethical standards will be removed from the publication. This also contains any possible malpractice discovered after the publication. In accordance with the code of conduct we will report any cases of suspected plagiarism or duplicate publishing.

Ethics

The journal adheres to the highest standards in research ethics and follows the principles of international research ethics as defined below. The authors are responsible for the compliance of the manuscripts with the ethical rules.<ul><li>Principles of integrity, quality and transparency should be sustained in designing the research, reviewing the design and conducting the research.</li><li>The research team and participants should be fully informed about the aim, methods, possible uses and requirements of the research and risks of participation in research.</li><li>The confidentiality of the information provided by the research participants and the confidentiality of the respondents should be ensured. The research should be designed to protect the autonomy and dignity of the participants.</li><li>Research participants should participate in the research voluntarily, not under any coercion.</li><li>Any possible harm to participants must be avoided. The research should be planned in such a way that the participants are not at risk.</li><li>The independence of research must be clear; and any conflict of interest or must be disclosed.</li><li>In experimental studies with human subjects, written informed consent of the participants who decide to participate in the research must be obtained. In the case of children and those under wardship or with confirmed insanity, legal custodian’s assent must be obtained.</li><li>If the study is to be carried out in any institution or organization, approval must be obtained from this institution or organization.</li><li>In studies with human subject, it must be noted in the method’s section of the manuscript that the informed consent of the participants and ethics committee approval from the institution where the study has been conducted have been obtained.</li></ul>

It is authors’ responsibility to ensure that the article is in accordance with scientific and ethical standards and rules. And authors must ensure that submitted work is original. They must certify that the manuscript has not previously been published elsewhere or is not currently being considered for publication elsewhere, in any language. Applicable copyright laws and conventions must be followed. Copyright material (e.g. tables, figures or extensive quotations) must be reproduced only with appropriate permission and acknowledgement. Any work or words of other authors, contributors, or sources must be appropriately credited and referenced.All the authors of a submitted manuscript must have direct scientific and academic contribution to the manuscript. The author(s) of the original research articles is defined as a person who is significantly involved in “conceptualization and design of the study”, “collecting the data”, “analyzing the data”, “writing the manuscript”, “reviewing the manuscript with a critical perspective” and “planning/conducting the study of the manuscript and/or revising it”. Fund raising, data collection or supervision of the research group are not sufficient roles to be accepted as an author. The author(s) must meet all these criteria described above. The order of names in the author list of an article must be a co-decision and it must be indicated in the <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/D6721902505A4BFEAE344C7B9108B155" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form.</a> The individuals who do not meet the authorship criteria but contributed to the study must take place in the acknowledgement section. Individuals providing technical support, assisting writing, providing a general support, providing material or financial support are examples to be indicated in acknowledgement section.All authors must disclose all issues concerning financial relationship, conflict of interest, and competing interest that may potentially influence the results of the research or scientific judgment.When an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in his/her own published paper, it is the author’s obligation to promptly cooperate with the Editor to provide retractions or corrections of mistakes.

Editor-in-Chief evaluates manuscripts for their scientific content without regard to ethnic origin, gender, sexual orientation, citizenship, religious belief or political philosophy of the authors. He/She provides a fair double-blind peer review of the submitted articles for publication and ensures that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential before publishing.Editor-in-Chief is responsible for the contents and overall quality of the publication. He/She must publish errata pages or make corrections when needed.Editor-in-Chief does not allow any conflicts of interest between the authors, editors and reviewers. Only he has the full authority to assign a reviewer and is responsible for final decision for publication of the manuscripts in the Journal.Reviewers must have no conflict of interest with respect to the research, the authors and/or the research funders. Their judgments must be objective.Reviewers must ensure that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential and must report to the editor if they are aware of copyright infringement and plagiarism on the author’s side.A reviewer who feels unqualified to review the topic of a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse himself from the review process.The editor informs the reviewers that the manuscripts are confidential information and that this is a privileged interaction. The reviewers and editorial board cannot discuss the manuscripts with other persons. The anonymity of the referees must be ensured. In particular situations, the editor may share the review of one reviewer with other reviewers to clarify a particular point.

Only those manuscripts approved by its every individual author and that were not published before in or sent to another journal, are accepted for evaluation.Submitted manuscripts that pass preliminary control are scanned for plagiarism using iThenticate software. After plagiarism check, the eligible ones are evaluated by editor-in-chief for their originality, methodology, the importance of the subject covered and compliance with the journal scope.The editor hands over the papers matching the formal rules to at least two national/international referees for double-blind peer review evaluation and gives green light for publication upon modification by the authors in accordance with the referees’ claims.

Peer Review

Only those manuscripts approved by its every individual author and that were not published before in or sent to another journal, are accepted for evaluation.Submitted manuscripts that pass preliminary control are scanned for plagiarism using iThenticate software. After plagiarism check, the eligible ones are evaluated by Editor-in-Chief for their originality, methodology, the importance of the subject covered and compliance with the journal scope. Editor-in-Chief evaluates manuscripts for their scientific content without regard to ethnic origin, gender, sexual orientation, citizenship, religious belief or political philosophy of the authors and ensures a fair double-blind peer review of the selected manuscripts.The selected manuscripts are sent to at least two national/international referees for evaluation and publication decision is given by Editor-in-Chief upon modification by the authors in accordance with the referees’ claims.Editor-in-Chief does not allow any conflicts of interest between the authors, editors and reviewers and is responsible for final decision for publication of the manuscripts in the Journal.Reviewers’ judgments must be objective. Reviewers’ comments on the following aspects are expected while conducting the review.- Does the manuscript contain new and significant information?- Does the abstract clearly and accurately describe the content of the manuscript?- Is the problem significant and concisely stated?- Are the methods described comprehensively?- Are the interpretations and consclusions justified by the results?- Is adequate references made to other Works in the field?- Is the language acceptable?Reviewers must ensure that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential and must report to the editor if they are aware of copyright infringement and plagiarism on the author’s side.A reviewer who feels unqualified to review the topic of a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse himself from the review process.The editor informs the reviewers that the manuscripts are confidential information and that this is a privileged interaction. The reviewers and editorial board cannot discuss the manuscripts with other persons. The anonymity of the referees is important.

All correspondence will be sent to the first-named author unless otherwise specified. Manuscpript is to be submitted online via <a href="http://dergipark.gov.tr/login" target="_blank">http://dergipark.gov.tr/login</a> that can be accessed at <a href="https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/iuavid" target="_blank">https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/iuavid</a> It must be accompanied by a <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/A2037312153941BCAACB13C5FA6294D1" target="_blank">title page</a> specifying the article category (i.e. research article, review etc.) and including information about the manuscript (see the Submission Checklist). Manuscripts should be prepared in Microsoft Word 2003 and upper versions. In addition, <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/D6721902505A4BFEAE344C7B9108B155" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form</a> that has to be signed by all authors must be submitted. 1. The journal publishes manuscripts in Turkish, English, Russian. 2. Manuscript should be written in MS Word format, double-spaced and in 11 point Times New Roman font. We kindly ask you not to send a pdf file. The title should be written with capital letters (12 point, bold), sub-headings in lower case letters (11 point, bold). 3. Research and review articles, as well as articles in translation should each include on its title page two abstracts (in the language of article and in English) of 180-200 words each. Key words (max. 10 words each) will also be provided underneath both of the abstracts. No abstract and bibliography are needed for research notes, addendum, book &amp; scientific meeting reviews, and letters to the editor. While uploading addendum, book review and letter to the editor files on the DergiPark system, please enter the first paragraph of the article in the abstract section. 4. Appendixes, with related bibliographical references,are placed after the main text, and before the bibliography. Their references should be included in the bibliography. 5. Short quotations should be given between double quotes within the paragraph. Long quotations (10 points) should have double indentation on the left (only), without quotes. 6. Figures and images should include captions with related bibliographical references. Bibliographical references mentioned in the captions should be included in the bibliography Their captions should be incorporated within the text, and not be collected at the end of the manuscript. Also, they should be separately uploaded to DergiPark system. Captions of images and figures should be numbered separately. Captions should be in 9 points. 7. Notes and bibliography must be in line with journal’s reference style based on Chicago Manual of Style (16th edition). 8. Notes (8 point) should be given at the bottom of every page, signalled by superscript numbers in the main text. Reference numbers should follow the punctuation marks (.35 or ,23).9. Submitted manuscripts and abstracts should be conformed with the grammar and orthography of the language (Turkish, English, Russian) in which they were written. 10. A <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/A2037312153941BCAACB13C5FA6294D1" target="_blank">title page</a> including author information must be submitted together with the manuscript. The title page is to include fully descriptive title of the manuscript and, affiliation, title, e-mail address, postal address, phone, fax number of the author(s) and ORCIDs of all authors (see The Submission Checklist).

Author Guidelines

<a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/D6721902505A4BFEAE344C7B9108B155" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form</a> <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/7E6C614E3B774D91AF14B623030299F4" target="_blank">Title page</a><a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/BA6134942D0E4293B50B7A5B224AD16C" target="_blank">Information for Authors</a>

Ensure that the following items are present: <ul><li>Confirm that “the paper is not under consideration for publication in another journal”.</li><li>Confirm that final language control is done. </li><li>Confirm that journal policies detailed in Information for Authors have been reviewed. </li><li>Confirm that the references cited in the text and listed in the references section are in line with journals’s reference system based on Chicago Manual of Style.</li></ul>● <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/D6721902505A4BFEAE344C7B9108B155" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form</a> (will only be sent after the article has been accepted for publication) ● Permission for non-published material ● <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/1A3A4AF4403D4011A8AC3B849ACA3753" target="_blank">Title page</a> <ul><li>The category of the manuscript </li><li>The title of the manuscript both in the language of the manuscript and in English </li><li>All authors’ names and affiliations (institution, faculty/department, city, country), e-mail addresses </li><li>Corresponding author’s email address, full postal address, telephone and fax number </li><li>ORCIDs of all authors. </li></ul>● Main Manuscript Document <ul><li>Important: Please avoid mentioning the the author (s) names in the manuscript. </li><li>The title of the manuscript both in the language of the manuscript and in English </li><li>Abstracts (180-200 words) both in the language of manuscript and in English </li><li>Extended Abstract (600-800 words) in English for the Turkish and Russian articles which are not in English </li><li>Key words </li><li>Manuscript body text </li><li> Acknowledgements, grant supports, conflicts of interest should be indicated </li><li>References and bibliography </li></ul><ul><li>All tables, illustrations (figures) (including title)</li></ul>

E-ISSN	2147-7469
Period	Biannually
Editor	Mustafa Balcı
The Journal of Eurasian Inquiries (AVID) is a research journal published within the Research Institute of Turkology at Istanbul University. It was established in 1924 and holds the distinction of being Turkey's first research institute. AVID aims to share scientific studies, with the academic world. Prepared in the field of social sciences related to the Eurasian region, spanning from Turkistan to the Caucasus, and from the Balkans to the Middle East. The Journal of Eurasian Inquiries was first published in 2012 and is released twice a year, in March and September. It is an internationally refereed journal that is currently indexed by TR Index, Index Islamicus, Research Bible (Academic Research Index), Social Science Research Network (SSRN), SOBIAD, Turkish Education Index (TEI), EBSCO, and DOAJ.

Journal of Eurasian Inquiries

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