References

• Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179-211. google scholar
• Allen, R.I., Lambert, E.G., Pasupuleti, S., Cluse-Tolar, T., Ventura, L.A. (2004). The impact of job characte-ristics on social and human service workers, Social Work & Society, 2, 173-188. google scholar
• Anderson, C.S. (1982). The search for school climate: A review of the research, Review of Educational Re-search, 52, 368-420. google scholar
• Asgharian, R., Yusoff, R., Mazhari, M.Y., Mardani, A., Soltan, E.K.H. (2013). Examining the effect of work-place friendships and job embeddedness on turnover intention (The case of Mashhad as a tourist destina-tion in Iran), International Journal of Business and Management Invention, 2, 17-25. google scholar
• Ashforth, B.E. (1985). Climate formation: Issues and extensions, The Academy of Management Review, 10, 837-847. google scholar
• Bagozzi, R.P. (1983). A holistic methodology for modeling consumer response to innovation, Operations Research, 31, 128-176. google scholar
• Bennett, J.B. (2004). Social climate research. In W.E. Craighead & C.B. Nemeroff (Eds.), The concise Corsi-ni encyclopedia of psychology and behavioral science (pp. 906-910). Hoboken: New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. google scholar
• Björkqvist, K., Österman, K., Hjeit-Back, M. (1994). Aggression among university employees, Aggressive Behavior, 20, 173-184. google scholar
• Blau, G. (1989). Testing the generalizability of a career commitment measure and its impact on employee turnover, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 35, 88-103. google scholar
• Booker, K. (2016). Connection and commitment: How sense of belonging and classroom community influ-ence degree persistence for African American undergraduate women, International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 28, 218-229. google scholar
• Boyd, N.G., Taylor, R.R. (1998). A developmental approach to the examination of friendship in leader-follo-wer relationships, The Leadership Quarterly, 9, 1-25. google scholar
• Bryson, A., MacKerron, G. (2015). Are you happy while you work? The Economic Journal, 127(599), 106125. google scholar
• Bruhn, J. (2009). The group effect: Social cohesion and health outcomes. USA: Springer Science+Business Media. google scholar
• Cascio, W.F. (2015). Industrial-organizational psychology: Science and practice. In J.D. Wright (Eds.) Inter-national encyclopedia of the social & behavioral sciences (2nd Edition) (pp. 879-884). Oxford: Elsevier. google scholar
• Chadsey, J., Beyer, S. (2001). Social relationships in the workplace, Mental retardation and developmental disabilities research reviews, 7, 128-133. google scholar
• Chiaburu, D.S., Harrison, D.A. (2008). Do peers make the place? Conceptual synthesis and meta-analysis of coworker effects on perceptions, attitudes, OCBs, and performance, Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(5), 1082-1103. google scholar
• Cockshaw, W.D., Shochet, I. (2010). The link between belongingness and depressive symptoms: An explora-tion in the workplace interpersonal context, Australian Psychologist, 45, 283-289. google scholar
• Cohen, J., Cohen, P., West, S.G., Aiken, L.S. (2003). Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis in the behavioral sciences (3rd Edition). London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. google scholar
• Collins, C., Smith, K. (2006). Knowledge exchange and combination: The role of human resource practices in the performance of high-technology firms, Academy of Management Journal, 49, 544-560. google scholar
• Çetin, M. (2009). Çalışanların mizah tarzlarının işe ilişkin duygusal iyilik algıları üzerine etkisi ve sosyal iklimin bu ilişki üzerindeki şartlı değişken rolü. T.C. Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Unpublished Master Thesis. google scholar
• Çitlioğlu, E. (2008). Terrorism and its globalization. In centre of excellence defense against terrorism, Ankara, Turkey (Ed.) Legal aspects of combating terrorism (pp. 5-14) Amsterdam: IOS Press. google scholar
• D’abate, C.P., Eddy, E.R. (2007). Engaging in personal business on the job: Extending the presenteeism construct, Human Resource Development Quarterly, 18, 361-383. google scholar
• Drucker, P. (2007). Management: Tasks, responsibilities, practices. New York: Truman Talley Books. google scholar
• Estlund, C. (2003). Working together: How workplace bonds strengthen a diverse democracy. Oxford: Ox-ford University Press. google scholar
• Fishbein M, Ajzen I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. google scholar
• Flarey, D.L. (1993). The social climate of work environments, Journal of Nursing Administration, 23, 9-15. google scholar
• Forck, M. (2011). The role of friendship in leadership, Professional Safety, 56, 71-72. google scholar
• Forehand, G.A., von Haller Gilmer, B. (1964). Environmental variation in studies of organizational behavior, Psychological Bulletin, 62, 361-382. google scholar
• Fritz, J. H. (1997). Men’s and women’s organizational peer relationships: A comparison, The Journal of Business Communication, 34, 27-46. google scholar
• George, J. M., Jones, G.R. (1996). The experience of work and turnover intentions: Interactive value attain-ment, job satisfaction, and positive mood, Journal of Applied Psychology, 81, 318-325. google scholar
• Giacalone, R.A., Jurkiewicz, C.L. (2010). Handbook of workplace spirituality and organizational perfor-mance. New York: M.E. Sharpe. google scholar
• Global Talent Trends Study (2018). Unlocking growth in the human age. Mercer. google scholar
• Gruneberg, M.M. (1979). Understanding job satisfaction. London: The Macmillan Press Ltd. google scholar
• Gustafson, P. (2001). Meanings of place: Everyday experience and theoretical conceptualizations, Journal of Environmental Psychology, 21, 5-16. google scholar
• Hagerty, B.M.K., Lynch-Sauer, J., Patusky, K.L., Bouwsema, M., Peggy Collier, P. (1992). Sense of belon-ging: A vital mental health concept, Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 6, 172-177. google scholar
• Hair, J. F. Jr., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L., Black, W. C. (1995). Multivariate data analysis. (3rd Edition) New York: Macmillan. google scholar
• Hurtado, S., Carter, D.F. (1997). Effects of college transition and perceptions of the campus racial climate on Latino college students’ sense of belonging, Sociology of Education, 70, 324-345. google scholar
• Jaitli, R., Hua, Y. (2013). Measuring sense of belonging among employees working at a corporate campus: Implication for workplace planning and management, Journal of Corporate Real Estate, 15, 117-135 google scholar
• Josh, J. (2016, May 27). Why human resource management is important for banks? Retrieved at https://www. jagranjosh.com/articles/why-human-resource-management-is-important-for-banks-1464354319-1 google scholar
• Juvonen, J. (2006). Sense of belonging, social relationships, and school functioning. In P. A. Alexander & P. H. Winne (Eds.), Handbook of educational psychology, (2nd Edition) (pp. 255-674). Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ. google scholar
• Lambert, N. M., Stillman, T. F., Hicks, J. A., Kamble, S., Baumeister, R. F., Fincham, F. D. (2013). To belong is to matter: Sense of belonging enhances meaning in life, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 39(11), 1418-1427. google scholar
• Lampinen, M., Konu, A.I., Kettunen, T., Suutala, E.A. (2018). Factors that foster or prevent sense of belon-ging among social and health care managers, Leadership in Health Services, 31(4), 468-480. google scholar
• Lane, I.M., Mathews R.C., Prestholdt P.H. (1990). Educational background, marital status, moral obligation, and the nurse’s decision to resign from her hospital, Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 20, 1432-1443. google scholar
• Lee, T.W., Mowday, R.T. (1987). Voluntarily leaving an organization: An empirical investigation of Steers and Mowday’s model of turnover, The Academy of Management Journal, 30, 721-743. google scholar
• Leiter, M. (2013). Analyzing and theorizing the dynamics of the workplace incivility crisis. Dordrecht: Sprin-ger. google scholar
• Levett-Jones, T., Lathlean, J. (2008). Belongingness: A prerequisite for nursing students clinical learning, Nurse Education in Practice, 8(2), 103-111. google scholar
• Libbey, H.P. (2004). Measuring student relationships to school: Attachment, bonding, connectedness, and engagement, Journal of School Health, 74(7), 274-283. google scholar
• Litwin, G., Stringer, R.A. (1968). Motivation and organizational climate. Cambridge, Ma: Harvard Univer-sity Press. google scholar
• Mao, H., Hsieh, A., Chen, C. (2012). The relationship between workplace friendship and perceived job sig-nificance, Journal of Management & Organization, 18(2), 247-262. google scholar
• Marks, S. R. (1994). Intimacy in the public realm: The case of co-workers, Social Forces, 72, 843-858. google scholar
• Maslow, A. (1954). Motivation and personality. New York: Harper. google scholar
• May, V. (2013). Connecting self to society: Belonging in a changing world. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. google scholar
• McClelland, D.C. (1987). Human motivation. New York: Cambridge University Press. google scholar
• Meyer, J. P., Allen, N.J. (1991). A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment, Human Resource Management Review, 1, 61-89. google scholar
• Michaels. C.E., Spector, P.E. (1982). Causes of employee turnover: A Test of the Mobley, Griffeth, Hand, and Meglino model, Journal of Applied Psychology, 67, 53-59. google scholar
• Mitchell, T.R., Holtom, B.C., Lee, T.W. (2001). How to keep your best employees: Developing an effective retention policy, Academy of Management Executive, 15, 96-108. google scholar
• Mitchell, T.R., Holtom, B.C., Lee, T.W., Sablynski, C.J., Erez, M. (2001). Why people stay: Using job em-beddedness to predict voluntary turnover, Academy of Management Journal, 44, 1102-1121. google scholar
• Mobley, W.H. (1977). Intermediate linkages in the relationship between job satisfaction and employee turno-ver, Journal of Applied Psychology, 62, 237-240. google scholar
• Mobley, W.H., Horner, S.O., Hollingsworth, A.T. (1978). An evaluation of precursors of hospital employee turnover, Journal of Applied Psychology, 63, 408-414. google scholar
• Moos, R.H. (1997). Evaluating treatment environments: The quality of psychiatric and substance abuse programs. New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers. google scholar
• Moos, R.H., Holahan, C.J. (2004). Social climate. In R. Fema'ndez-Ballesteros (Ed.), Encyclopedia of psychological assessment (888-894). London: Sage Publications. google scholar
• Morrison, R.L. (2004). Informal relationships in the workplace: Associations with job satisfaction, organiza-tional commitment and turnover decisions, New Zealand Psychological Society, 33, 114-128. google scholar
• Mossholder, K.W., Settoon, R.P., Henagan, S.C. (2005) A relational perspective on turnover: Examining structural, attitudinal, and behavioral predictors, Academy ofManagement Journal, 48, 607-618. google scholar
• Mowday, R.T., Porter, L.W., Steers, R.M. (1982). Employee - organization linkages: The psychology of com-mitment, absenteeism and turnover. New York: Academic Press. google scholar
• Nielsen, I. K., Jex, S. M., Adams, G. A. (2000). Development and validation of scores on a two dimensional workplace friendship scale, Educational and Psychological Measurement, 60, 628-643. google scholar
• Ofoegbu, O.E., Akanbi, P.A., Akhanolu, I.O. (2012). Association between perception of organizational poli-tics and workplace friendship, International Business and Management, 5, 61-70. google scholar
• Onurlubaş, E., Demirkıran, S., Yılmaz, N. (2015). Sense of organizational belonging and customer relations of the personnel in banking sector, The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies, 41, 147-159. google scholar
• Ozbek, M.F. (2018). Do we need friendship in the workplace? The theory of workplace friendship and emp-loyee outcomes: The role of work ethics, Journal of Economy Culture and Society, 58, 153-176. google scholar
• Parker, C.P., Baltes, B.B., Young, S.A., Huff, J.W. (2003). Relationships between psychological climate per-ceptions and work outcomes: A meta-analytic review, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 24, 389-416. google scholar
• Pembroke, N. (2004). Working relationships: Spirituality in human service and organizational life (Practical theology series). London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. google scholar
• Pfeffer, J. (2005). Producing sustainable competitive advantage through the effective management of people, Academy of Management Executive, 19, 95-106. google scholar
• Pfeffer, J. (2006). Working alone: Whatever happened to the idea of organizations as communities? In E. E. Lawler III & J. O’Toole (Eds.) America at work choices and challenges (pp. 3-21) New York: Palgrave Macmillan. google scholar
• Pillemer, J., Rothbard, N.P. (2018). Friends without benefits: Understanding the dark sides of workplace friendship, Academy of Management Review, 43(4), 635-660. google scholar
• Pillow, D.R., Malone, G.P., Hale, W.J. (2015). The need to belong and its association with fully satisfying relationships: A tale of two measures, Personality andIndividualDifferences, 74, 259-264. google scholar
• Podsakoff, P.M., MacKenzie, S.B., Lee, J.Y., Podsakoff, N.P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies, Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 879-903. google scholar
• Prestholdt, P. H., Lane, I.M., Mathews, R.C. (1987). Nurse turnover as reasoned action: Development of a process model, Journal of Applied Psychology, 72, 221-227. google scholar
• Riordan, C.M., Griffeth, R.W. (1995). The opportunity for friendship in the workplace: The underexplored construct, The Journal of Business and Psychology, 10, 141-154. google scholar
• Rugulies, R. (2019). What is a psychosocial work environment? Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, 45(1), 1-6. google scholar
• Schneider, B. (1985). Organizational behavior, Annual Review of Psychology, 36, 573-612. google scholar
• Schneider, B., Bowen, D.E., Ehrhart, M.G., Holcombe, K.M. (2000). The climate for service: Evolution of a construct. In N.M. Ashkanasy, C.P.M. Wilderom & M.F. Peterson (Eds.), Handbook of organizational culture & climate (pp. 21-36). USA: Sage Publications. google scholar
• Schneider, B., Brief, A.P., Guzzo, R.A. (1996). Creating a climate and culture for sustainable organizational change, Organizational Dynamics, 24, 7-19. google scholar
• Schyns, B., Torka, N., Gössling, T. (2007). Turnover intention and preparedness for change, Career Deve-lopment International, 12, 660-679. google scholar
• Schutz, W. (1958). FIRO: A three dimensional theory of interpersonal behavior. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston. google scholar
• Shellenbarger, S. (2000, January 12). An overlooked toll of job upheavals: Valuable friendships, Wall Street Journal (Eastern Edition), New York, B1. google scholar
• Shore, L.M., Martin, H.J. (1989). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment in relation to work perfor-mance and turnover intentions, Human Relations, 42, 625-638. google scholar
• Sias, P.M., Gallagher, E. (2009). Developing, maintaining and disengaging from workplace friendships. In R.L. Morrison & S.L. Wright (Eds.), Friends and enemies in organizations (pp. 78-99). UK: Palgrave Macmillan. google scholar
• Steel, R.P., Ovalle, N.K. (1984). A review and meta-analysis of research on the relationship between behavi-oral intentions and employee turnover, Journal of Applied Psychology, 69, 673-686. google scholar
• Tajfel, H. 1982. Social identity and intergroup relations. New York: Cambridge University Press. google scholar
• Tett, R.P., Meyer, J.P. (1993). Job satisfaction, organizational commitment, turnover intention, and turnover: Path analyses based on meta-analytical findings, Personnel Psychology, 46, 259-293. google scholar
• Van Dyne, L., Pierce, J.L. (2004). Psychological ownership and feelings of possession: Three field studies predicting employee attitudes and organizational citizenship behavior, Journal of Organizational Beha-vior, 25, 439-459. google scholar
• Vandenberg, R.J., Nelson, J.B. (1999). Disaggregating the motives underlying turnover intentions: When do intentions predict turnover behavior? Human Relations, 52, 1313-1336. google scholar
• Videbeck, S.L. (2011). Psychiatric-mental health nursing. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health. google scholar
• Werbel, J.D., Bedeian, A.G. (1989). Intended turnover as a function of age and job performance, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 10, 275-281. google scholar
• Wilkinson, L. (1973). An assessment of the dimensionality of Moos’ social climate scale, American Journal of Community Psychology, 1, 342-350. google scholar
• Winter-Collins, A., McDaniel, A.M. (2000). Sense of belonging and new graduate job satisfaction, Journal for Nurses in Staff Development, 16(3), 103-111. google scholar
• Wright, K.N. (1993). Prison environment and behavioral outcomes, Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 20, 93-113. google scholar

Citations