Call for Papers (The Cycle of Violence in the Family)

Durmuş

Durkheim’s Theory of Suicide: A Study of Adolescents in Turkey

Ladan

Assist. Prof.

Biopolitics of Non-Motherhood: Childfree Women on a  Persian-Language Digital Platform for Mothers

Zeynep

Res. Assist.

Contemporary risks differ from the risks and dangers of the past in regard to their inability to be restricted spatially or to calculate their long-term effects. This difference has made expertise systems important in defining the risks and determining the measures to be taken against risks. At the same time, the decreased opportunity to give precise information about them has led to their being handled within different risk scenarios. This change brought along an emphasis on avoiding danger to replace the probability factor based on risk-taking by using the knowledge-of-loss option. Developed in line with these changes, risk-conscious motherhood acknowledges that children are at risk from the womb and takes into consideration the worst-case scenario as probable rather than possible. Also, the fact that mothers’ responsibility of protecting their children makes ignoring these risks impossible even if mothers have little firsthand experience about the risks. Thus, risk-conscious motherhood includes preventing and managing all kinds of risks, being prudent, and controlling the future of the child as much as possible.Method This study applies the phenomenological design, a qualitative research method. In line with the research subject and purpose, the study group contains 36 Turkish mothers in the middle and upper socioeconomic status groups, of whose children 12 are between the ages of 0-6, 12 are between the ages of 7-12, and 12 are between the ages of 13-18. The data obtained from the semi-structured in-depth interviews have been analyzed using categorical content analysis. Concerning the validity of the research, interviews were conducted one at a time. In regard to the reliability of the research, the created categories were associated logically and consistently.Findings and Discussion Pregnancy and childbirth stand out as the processes shaped in line with experts’ risk discourses where mothers’ risk perceptions are the most intense. The fact that experts reveal more scientific and predictable risk arguments through different screening and blood tests increases mothers’ risk perceptions toward pregnancy and childbirth. However, when addressing children’s psychological and cognitive development, mothers’ risk consciousness has gained attention. Any factor that puts secure attachment at risk and requires mothers to perceive and interpret their children’s emotional signs and to respond to them in a timely and appropriate manner is connected to possible psychological problems. However, mothers’ inability to communicate well with their children as they get older has begun to be considered as a risk factor. For good communication, mothers’ sensitivity to their children’s development, correctly understanding their needs, positioning themself appropriately toward their children,and empathizing are considered to be qualities that mothers should have. Thus, mothers’ being attributed with the responsibility of protecting and supporting children’s cognitive and psychological health has expanded the ethical framework health represents for mothers. Other issues in which mothers have high risk consciousness relate to the use of modern additives/carcinogenic substances and of technology. In the face of these risks, the suggestions from experts who adopt an alternative medical approach are found more valuable in terms of being scientific as well as representing greater health. Therefore, increased risk perception stands out as a phenomenon of being disenchanted with science in the reflexive scientification process. Also, mothers prefer to control children’s use of technology and the content they access to the extent conditions allow due to reasons such as spending quality time together, the desire to establish a secure attachment, and distracting their children to limit decreases in academic performance. Meanwhile, social environment also begins to be perceived as risky when children reach school age. People outside the immediate social environment are seen as a threat, and mothers get anxious about how to protect their children from other people. In this context, news in the media on harassment and abuse raise awareness, causing mothers to consider other people as dangerous. However, bullying from peers is also perceived as a threat to their safety. For this reason, mothers are cautious when deciding about which school to enroll their children in. They find criteria such as school’s social environment and parent profiles to be significant. Therefore, choosing a school is a result of not only academic risks and gains but also more subjective evaluations that structure mothers’ habitus (i.e., aesthetic reflexivity). In addition, mothers worry about their adolescent child’s friends who lack appropriate behaviors and values. Therefore, mothers’ habitus also seem to be effective in the formation of different concerns and certain risk perceptions. In a context where the objective risk parameters indicated by the scientific risk arguments and the subjective risk parameters brought along by lifestyle and habits, mothers’ being attributed with the responsibility of planning, controlling, and managing their children’s lives to affect increases in mothers’ risk consciousness.

Risk-Conscious Motherhood: The Impact of Experts’ Risk Discourses on Mothering Experience

Göksel

Prof.

Şadiye

Cansu

Nazlı

Pınar

The first three months of the COVID-19 pandemic began in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and has been a peak period of struggle and increased workload for healthcare workers all around the world. Turkey instated an official and general ban on turnover for healthcare workers. After that period, the flexible work orders were terminated in June 2020, normalization practices were initiated, and the resignation/ retirement ban on healthcare workers was lifted. The gradual increase in the number of COVID-19 patients and the unfair shift of responsibilities to certain branches and organizations have increased the workload on these healthcare professionals and obliged them to maintain this pace without flexibility in their schedules. At that time, the news of doctors who had resigned or taken early retirement started to be heard sporadically, but that issue has become taboo, possibly due to those healthcare professionals having refrained from giving interviews and the fragility of the situation. Therefore, addressing this wave of renunciation is crucial from a sociological perspective as it may have the potential to influence the future of the pandemic in terms of public health. This study aims to evaluate the decisions of doctors who’ve resigned or retired during the COVID-19 pandemic according to visible as well as background factors, results, and future reflections.This qualitative research was conducted online using the semi-structured face-toface interview technique with physician interviewees from different cities in Turkey. Of the 19 interviewees (Mage = 50), 11 are female and 8 are male; 9 had resigned and 10 had decided to retire. The interviews were completed between August 21 – September 1, 2020. Immediately designing and studying the subject is important due to the likelihood of a new ban on the resignation and retirement of healthcare workers as a result of the high frequency of similar resignation/retirement cases in addition to the remarkable increase in the number of new COVID-19 patients, related issues, and predictions that the workload might exceed the capacity of the health system.In coding the interview statements, the factors affecting the decision to leave employment have been investigated in terms of organizational problems, managerial approaches, cognizance of the conditions for performing and understanding the&nbsp;profession, personality traits, and the approaches in their immediate environment. Real-life experiences have been analyzed based on the interviewees’ expressions and been discussed in accordance with theoretical approaches.According to the results from our research, the backbreaking effect of increased workload and the fear of being infected and transmitting it to others in particular are the most common anxieties among healthcare workers who have decided to resign or retire. According to our interviewees, the common reasons for their decision to resign or retire are their intense working conditions, not knowing how long it would take to end under these conditions, the appearance of psychiatric disorders, and increased levels of burnout. However, our research has observed the negative effects of organizational disorders and inequality in work distribution at various levels on healthcare workers. The interviewers shared their experiences on the demanding managerial policies in their work places and on situations where they were unable to ensure team cohesion. The expectation for better and healthier working conditions is prominent among the conditions that they stipulated for not resigning or retiring.One can say the act of leaving that is realized by resigning or retiring is not a reflex of avoidance of duty but an act derived from the experience of loneliness caused by the weakening of social ties and trust systems in the clinic. The decision to quit from healthcare professionals who lost faith in their institution due to ineffective or rightsviolating management or in their profession and division of labor due to their colleagues’ shirking duties, and who have experience a kind of loneliness is thus not only related to individual causes but also to the essence of social relations that led the individual to this behavior. In the context of the crisis that emerged as a kind of anomie in which individuals had lost faith in the social order and solidarity had dissolved, this study has determined the unfair distribution of tasks, organizational disorders, colleagues’ shirking duties as a result of the uncertainty ambulating the definition of responsibility, the lack of appreciation, professional disappointment, and personality properties as the main factors predisposing them to resign/retire. Moreover, shirking duties among colleagues has caused a kind of dissolution in the network of solidarity within the clinic, and this dissolution of the bonds that hold the social fabric together has facilitated both a questioning of professional belonging and feeling of isolation. The interviewees emphasized resigning/retiring to have not only been a reflex response specific to the crisis, but to also have been related to the problems in the pre-pandemic period.Doctors who struggle with dedication at the level of not hesitating to risk death and sacrifice their personal life to work since the pandemic began may choose to withdraw from professional life because of anomia. The reasons for anomia might be the heavy working conditions, organizational problems, unjust and ineffective management, and burnout, in addition to the frustration caused by the lack of support from both patients and society. Afterward, they have sought opportunities for rebirth while heading toward&nbsp;&nbsp;different areas or changing their workplace for more optimum conditions. The interviewees showed signs of having personalities such as fighters and altruists. The imbalance in exchange with society has led them to choose to give themselves the reward they were unable to get from others.In conclusion, our study supports the documentation of sociological backgrounds on and outcomes from the decisions to resign or retire made during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, a kind of autopsy has been performed to understand the factors behind those cases and to help clarify what needs to be done to prevent this from turning into a contagion turnover. Studies on social sciences would create valuable knowledge in the near future to improve health systems and interrelated health policies.&nbsp;

From Dedication to Burnout to Turnover: The Cry for Help from Doctors Who’ve Resigned or Retired during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Mehmet

Assoc. Prof.

Esra

Introduction In today’s digitally networked society, more and more people use digital media to access information involving health-related issues. Since the COVID-19 pandemic in particular, searching for health information on digital environments has increased is a legitimate thing to say, considering the uncertainty about the pandemic. Furthermore, with the process of digitalization and growing social networks, information can rapidly spread globally. According to the World Health Organization (WHO, 2020, p. 1), infodemic as a term refers to “too much information including false or misleading information in digital and physical environments during a disease outbreak;” an infodemic is an urgent threat as well as a pandemic. Thus, the need exists to address this threat both at the institutional and individual levels. The spread of health information can directly affect individuals’ health decisions and behaviors. Disinformation and misinformation can create confusion and make people adopt risky behaviors that can harm their health. In this sense, health literacy is a critical element for empowering people who seek health information whether online or offline.Health literacy aims to equip society with basic skills such as access to and the analysis and use of health information gathered and accessed from online and offline health services. Individuals with high levels of health literacy are expected to understand and participate in health debates in the public sphere and to analyze messages about health issues correctly. However, people with low levels of health literacy may make harmful decisions about their health based upon misinformation. Also, this tendency may adversely affect public health and the proper functioning of the health system. Individuals with high health literacy will be able to determine their health-related needs more accurately, and their communications with health professionals will also improve. Health literacy is a dynamic concept, especially in the age of new communication technologies. Individuals need to develop themselves in this area by continuously learning, by developing verification skills, and by thinking critically.In this context, the primary goal of the present study is to develop a tool for measuring individuals’ preferences for obtaining health information from digital media and their habits and orientations for confirming the information they have acquired. The second aim of the study is to determine which channels or platforms are most preferred for obtaining and verifying digital information on health. The main questions of the research are as follows:1. Can a tool be developed to measure the preferred channels individuals use for obtaining and verifying health information from digital media?&nbsp;2. Do websites (Web 1.0) or social media channels (Web 2.0) come to the fore in the process of obtaining health information from digital environments?3. Which sources are primarily preferred in the process of verifying health information obtained from digital media?Method The population of the research consists of people who use digital media to obtain health information. The convenience sampling method has been used to reach people who seek digital information about health by accessing digital media. In this framework, the study has collected 551 questionnaires. The research has benefitted from a combination of a literature review, focus group meetings, and expert opinions while creating the questionnaire. The responses were analyzed using the package programs SPSS 21, LISREL 8.71, and SmartPLS 3. Procedures for the explanaory factor analysis were conducted using SPSS 21, the confirmatory factor analysis was performed on LISREL 8.71, and averages and suitability of the Fornell-Larcker criteria were calculated using SmartPLS 3.Findings and Discussion The participants were observed to prefer websites (Web 1.0 platforms) more compared to social media channels (Web 2.0) in the context of obtaining health information from digital media (t = 12.651; p = 0.00). A closer look at their preferences for obtaining information show the participants to mostly prefer health-related websites (µ = 3.13) and news sites (µ = 2.69) among websites. They also prefer personal blogs about health (µ = 2.2) at a more limited level.When looking at the participants’ verification behaviors, they are seen to prefer posts from health professionals (doctors, scientists) on digital platforms (µ = 3.2), from the Ministry of Health’s digital platforms (µ = 3.07), and from digitally distributed scientific publications (µ = 3.06) the most. The media least preferred for verification are the digital platforms of health institutions (e.g., hospitals, polyclinics; µ = 2.8).In line with the primary purpose of the study, a tool to measure which digital channels users concentrate on while obtaining health information and which digital resources they prefer for verification was designed first. As a result of the explanatory and confirmatory factor analyses and convergent validity and internal consistency tests, The Obtaining and Verifying Health Information from Digital Media Scale was developed that consists of 10 items and three factors (i.e., Web 1.0 for obtaining health information, Web 2.0 for obtaining health information, and digital verification). The Obtaining and Verifying Health Information from Digital Media Scale has been determined to be a valid and reliable scale. In addition, seeking health information from digital media was determined to have increased, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.According to the research results, a closer look at the preferences for obtaining health information from digital media reveals users to refer to websites for health information more than social media. This result can be interpreted as users preferring and trusting information sources with more corporate characteristics compare to personal sources. When looking at the behaviors users showed for verifying the health information they obtained from digitial media, posts and messages from health professionals (i.e., doctors, scientists) on digital platforms and digitally distributed scientific publications were observed to be the primary sources referenced.When considering the negative effects of science denialism and the harmful effets of health disinformation and misinformation, the importance of scientists’ presence on various digital platforms, especially on social media, and the circulation of their recent research results and accurate scientific information are critical for protecting public health. In this sense, increasing individuals’ digital media literacy and health literacy levels through various public activities including training and raising awareness about incorrect and harmful health information disseminated in the digital media are also important.&nbsp;

Behaviors on Obtaining and Verifying Health Information from Digital Media During the Infodemic

Emrah

Introduction This study aims at redefining the borders between economics and sociology from the late 19th century to the present. The borders between economics and sociology have closed twice since their emergence. In the midst of the 19th century, classical sociologists were involved in economic phenomena to gain enlightenment regarding why modernism had emerged in the West instead of anywhere else in the world. Classical sociologists referred historical, comparative, and deductive analyses in their explanations about the roots of Western modernization and the disparities of Western societies. Although they tackled the puzzle from a different perspective, classical sociologists found a middle ground for sociological methodology. After classical sociologists, sociology backed into its own territory and economic phenomena remained out of focus until the 1980s when the rebirth of economic sociology. Economics has abstained from building an intellectual bridge with the other social sciences, even though its history is the longest-standing among the social sciences. The classics of economics involved in the mechanism of wealth and redistribution in the society, however, they had little concern with sociological phenomena such as institutions. In the mid-19th century, neoclassical economic thought, which assumed that individuals act rationally and have perfect information about the market, infiltrated into economics. For neoclassical economists, individual behavior is analyzable using mathematics under these assumptions. By doing so, neoclassical assumptions demote society and promote individual behavior by abstracting the individual from society. This assumption in neoclassical economics is point where economics diverged from sociology because it created an unbridgeable methodological gap between them. Sociological methodology is deductive, whereas economics rests on an inductive methodology as neoclassical economics focus on individual behavior. As sociology analyzes society by referencing historical and comparative methodologies to clarify differences among societies, economics assumes the individual in every society to be a rational actor. The Birth of Economics and Sociology Randall Collins (2005, 26–27) pointed out that economics is the first science to have become involved in phenomenological knowledge. Collins’ argument is based on many drastic changes that occurred in the 17th century, such as the emergence of modern capitalism, nation states, and the bourgeoise as a consequence of European overseas trade. During that century, the main economic thought of mercantilism had been to collect precious metals and to expand foreign markets, thus economics emerged as a knowledge of wealth. After a century, some liberal dissidents who believed mercantilist economic policies were undermining the industrial class in England started scathing attacks on mercantilism. Eventually, Adam Smith published his voluminous work The Wealth of Nations in 1776. However, economics in that century had remained a part of the moral sciences; more than a century would need to pass in order for it to appear as the science of economics (Uygur &amp; Erdogdu, 2012, 3). In the mid-19th century, neoclassical efforts gave birth to economics as a science; neoclassical economists, most prominent among them being Leon Walras, Alfred Marshal, and Karl Menger, reduced economics to a science of individual behavior. Finally, neoclassical economics found its place in London School of Economics in 1864. It was the first economics department in the world. The emergence of economics varied across countries and did not follow the same pattern. While economics in England was shaped by liberal thought, it tended to be a statist doctrine in Germany and France. At this juncture, the disparities existing among these countries in the 19th century should be stressed. While economics in France could not go beyond a political discourse, in Germany it was a social science with solid foundations that would become a main source of German sociology. Sociology, comparing against economics, can be thought of as the newest among the social sciences. Sociology both as a science and as a profession emerged in the late-19th century when industrialism caused economic and social turmoil. During this period, classical sociologists pursued the roots of modern capitalism in Western Europe and its ramifications on society. Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim, and Max Weber argued the puzzle from different perspectives by referring comparative historical approaches that considered economic phenomena from a sociological point of view. The Rise of Economics: The Divergence with Sociology Neoclassical domination had enabled economics to be perceived as “scientific”. Through the efforts of neoclassical economists, economics had built its own scientific rules using mathematical methods to winnow out any political discourse in the late-19th century, and the first economic department was established at London School of Economics in 1864. In these years, the science of economics spread around the world; however, the fact that this scientific journey varied from country to country should be underscored. Economics in America can be said to have pursued the European agenda, with its first economics department being established at Harvard University only four years after the one in England. Following Harvard University, many prestigious American universities had founded economics departments by the turn of the century. Economics education in America, like in England, had been developed under the canopy of neoclassical economics; afterward, America became the epicenter of world economics. Economics in Germany had its own peculiarities contrary to America and England due to this tradition being embedded within the social sciences. In other words, economics in Germany had ambiguous frontiers with history and sociology. The German tradition during the 19th century, known as the German Historical School, made the claim of economics’ collaboration with sociology, history, statistics, and law to elucidate economy and society together. The German tradition materialized in the writings of economists such as Friedrich List and Gustav von Schmoller as well as sociologists such as Karl Marx and Max Weber, the prominent figures of sociology. After WWII, economics gained prestige while sociology lost the popularity and domain it had had at the beginning of 20th century. Between 1945-1970, economics took advantage of its mathematical methodology to expand its domain over the social sciences. Furthermore, economics had opportunity to bolster its expanding domain as a profession. As is known, American post-war grand strategy of liberal world order in that period was based on promoting American hegemony through the IMF and the World Bank. During that period, economists played a crucial role in integrating non- Western countries into the liberal world order. American sociology proceeded under the canopy of Parsonian sociology in the years after WWII. Parsons’ conceptualization of society is known to be based on general equilibrium between societal subfields. In this perspective, the concepts of agent, rationality, and organization were relegated, and thus sociology was focused only on social integration to stabilize American society under the severe conditions of the Cold War. In this political atmosphere, American sociology lead by Parsons had no room for economic phenomena such as class interests or individual behavior. The Birth of Economic Sociology After the Parsonian years, sociology brought men back into sociology in the 1960s. This crucial change in the sociological agenda enabled sociology to analyze rationality, organizations, and individual behavior. Thus, economic phenomena had entered into a sociological territory. On the side of economics, neoclassical economics were being criticized by the new institutional economics. According to the new institutionalists, the science of economics needs a more realistic perspective because the neoclassical approach assumes a heavily under-socialized individual. The new institutional economics developed many theoretical approaches to close the neoclassical economics gap at that time. With the rise of (neo)liberalism in the mid-1970s, sociology turned its view toward the market. According to sociologists, new institutional economists tried to close the gap between economy and society by adding a dose of realism. However, for sociologists, they still weren’t considering the social relations that penetrate economic life at different levels. To build a bridge between economic phenomena and sociology, sociologists needed a new theoretical approach, which they called new economic sociology (Granovetter, 1985).

Sociology Discovers the Market: Economic Sociology

Füsun

Nesrullah

Mücahit

Halil

Introduction Human beings live within a social environment throughout their lives. One of the basic qualities of being human is social interaction. The relationship between humans and society is bidirectional, which means individuals both affect and are affected by the society in which they live (Yüksel, 2013). In other words, social environment has an important effect on the formation of human behavior (Kağıtçıbaşı &amp; Cemalcılar, 2014). The interaction between human behavior and society has been examined by many disciplines in the field of social sciences from past to present and has been an important area of research in social psychology (Yüksel, 2013).Social psychology aims to examine why and how people’s feelings, thoughts, and behaviors are affected in a socio-cultural context (Taylor, Peplau, &amp; Sears, 2000). People have their own orientations, behaviors, and characteristics (Ertürk, 2012). Although individuals have various unique characteristics, they may have similar feelings and thoughts as a result of their interaction with the social environment and may react similarly to events (Gedikli, 2011). These similarities are of great importance in the regulation and continuity of social life (Arkonaç, 2005). Social norms are set forth to ensure this social order, and individuals act within the framework of these norms beginning in childhood (Eroğlu, 2015). Thus, some similarities in human behavior form as a result of the life-long joint learning that starts in childhood (Ertürk, 2012; Kağıtçıbaşı &amp; Cemalcılar, 2014; Silah, 2005). Individuals can also sometimes react similarly to events that occur without joint learning (Kağıtçıbaşı &amp; Cemalcılar, 2014). In such situations, individuals’ emotions, beliefs, and behaviors are consciously or unconsciously affected by others (Lee et al., 2006; Vanclay, 2003). The literature explains the occurrence of these changes in people as a result of the discourse and behavior of those around them through the concept of social impact (Sağlam, 2009).Social impact is the direct or indirect change of people’s ideas, attitudes, feelings, and behaviors as a result of their interaction with others (Rashotte, 2007; Bilgin, 2006 &amp; Choo, 2013). In this process, the decisions individuals make are affected by the environment in which they live (Onurlubaş, 2019). Venkatesh and Davis (2000) stated another definition of social impact to be the influence from the person or groups that one attaches importance to in their environment. Compliance behaviors occur in individuals as a result of social impact. Studies from past to present have examined how group norms affect people’s attitudes and behaviors (Arkonaç, 2005). However, social media, having recently gained importance in people’s lives, has had an undeniable effect on the formation of social norms. In line with these developments, social psychologists in particular are studying how the virtual world affects the compliance behaviors individuals exhibit (Kağıtçıbaşı &amp; Cemalcılar, 2014). One study observed the obedience&nbsp;&nbsp;behaviors exhibited by anonymous accounts in the virtual world to be greater than the obedience behaviors exhibited by accounts opened using one’s actual name (Lee, 2006). Another study revealed that, as the questions asked in the virtual environment become more difficult, people in the online communities of which they are members take the answers given to questions as examples (Rosander &amp; Eriksson, 2012).Today, the most important issue parents and educators in particular complain about is the level of social impact young individuals encounter. Moreover, this social impact can sometimes lead to negative consequences. Meanwhile, although social impact is prominent on both individuals and social life, a reliable and valid measurement tool for directly determining individuals’ level of social impact does not exist in any country. In this context, this study aims to develop a scale for determining university students’ social impact levels and is considered to contribute to the literature by fulfilling the need for such a measurement tool.Method This study aims to bring a measurement tool for determining the social impact levels of people to the literature and includes the steps for developing the Social Impact Scale. The study group of this research consists of 316 university students between the ages of 18-32 years studying in Turkey’s Istanbul, Elâzığ, and Muş Provinces. The study uses the convenience sampling method because it facilitates access to students in all three universities and the comparison among the selected sample groups. During the formation of the study group, the participants were informed about the purpose of the research and participated voluntarily. The average age of the students in the study group is 23.08 years (SD = 2.68).In the literature review, no measurement tool was found to have measured university students’ social impact levels. In this respect, the aim is to develop a measurement tool for gauging university students’ social impact levels. The obtained 23-item scale has been applied to 316 university students studying in different provinces (Istanbul, Elazığ, and Muş) in the 2020 spring semester. The data were initially collected face to face. However, due to the pandemic process, the remaining (approximately 200 pieces) data were collected online. Meticulous care was taken during the implementation process, and no data was lost. Thus, the scale development analyses began by entering the data obtained from applying the scale to 316 participants.Results This heading includes the psychometric findings obtained as a result of the processes carried out while developing and introducing the Social Impact Scale (SIS). The data were analyzed by considering the procedures followed in the literature for scale development. After performing the procedures for exploratory factor analysis (EFA), the obtained scale was concluded to have a single factor consisting of 13 items. Accordingly, the highest item on the scale was found to have a load value of .783 and the lowest item to have a load value of .594. A Cronbach’s alpha of internal consistency greater than .70 was obtained for the overall scale, and the total internal consistency coefficient was found to be .90. After this process, analyses were made regarding the distinctiveness of total scores for the scale, and the independent samples t-test was conducted to determine the difference between the upper and lower 25th percentiles of scores. According to the results from the independent samples t-test performed to determine the difference between the upper and lower percentile groups, a significant difference is seen to exist between the groups (p &lt; .000). When examining the average scores of the groups, significant differences are seen between the scores for the upper and lower percentile groups. As a result of the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), all items in the Social Impact Scale are understood to be contained in one dimension and to have significant relationships. This result confirms the previously performed EFA and shows that all the scale items can be considered as elements of a single construct. Thus, the results from the CFA have confirmed the 13-item, one-dimensional structure of the Social Impact Scale (SIS). Looking at the analyses made as a result of the CFA, all item load values are seen to be greater than .50. This situation shows all items on the scale to have sufficient load levels.Conclusion and Discussion The exploratory factor analysis was performed first by considering the responses of 316 participants. According to the results from the EFA, the conclusion has been reached that the first dimension explains 46.637% variance when the eigenvalue is taken as 1. This amount is considered acceptable in the context of social sciences (Scherer et al., 1988). The results from the factor analysis reveal the scale to have one dimension consisting of 13 items. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to verify this result. As a result of the analysis, the single-factor structure of the scale was confirmed and the goodness-of-fit values were seen to be within acceptable limits (χ2 / df) = 2.786; RMSEA = 0.076; SRMR = 0.09; CFI = 0.929; GFI = 0.915). According to the results from this analysis, the scale has sufficient values for its validity and reliability. The scale’s Cronbach alpha of internal consistency, difference in scores between the upper and lower 25th percentile groups, and criterion validity tests were also examined by carrying out the required tests. As a result, the Social Impact Scale (SIS) is seen to have been developed in line with all these analyses and to provide sufficiently valid and reliable scores.&nbsp;

Development of the Social Impact and Psychometrical Examination Scale

@JOURNAL_BOX_CURRENT

@JOURNAL_BOX_EARLYVIEW

Alexander

Tradition, Morality and Solidarity in Durkheim’s Theory

Çağrı

Since the 1950s, environmental sociology is hardly accepted despite existing social-environmental issues. These problems have been generated by the rapid industrialization and urbanization causing pollution in the post-war era. Environmental sociology was established in the 1970s when environmental problems gained public attention and the environmental movement emerged. The theories of sociologists Durkheim, Weber, who introduced the rationalization concept, and Marx, who introduced the theory of metabolic rift, were welcomed in environmental sociology. However, Durkheim was criticized that his methodological dictum was excluding society-environment interaction. There are two explanations for the association between Durkheim and societyenvironment interaction. On the one hand, the industrialism of his era caused the exclusion of environment from sociology. On the other hand, Durkheim’s works have significant references to environment that indicate a potential for environmental sociology. This paper aims to examine Durkheim’s sociological approach in terms of society-environment interaction. First, the foundation of environmental sociology is summarized. Then, both examples showing the exclusion of environment and societyenvironment interactions in Durkheim’s studies are shown. The paper concludes with the assessment of Durkheim’s contribution to current environmental sociology challenging ecological crisis that threatens society. Although the first years of sociology were marked by geographical and biological determinism, sociologists favoring a “world view” of development, progress, and modernism in later years ignored environment as an issue (Hannigan, 2006). After a century, when environmental problems had surfaced and threatened industrialized Western societies, environmental concerns and movement were accepted in society and from the cultural perspective. Two pioneers of environmental sociology, Dunlap and Catton (1978) criticized human exceptionalism paradigm of causing the exploitation of nature and Durkheim’s methodological dictum (Madappalli, 2016). The paradigm assumes nature as an endless resource and that the human progress is limitless, while human existence is unique as a result of its developed culture (Catton &amp; Dunlap, 1978) that “covers the dependence of human societies to biophysical environment” (Rice, 2013, p. 238). However, environmental problems and restrictions in the 1960s shook this paradigm and Durkheim’s methodological dictum that reportedly ignored society-environment interaction. Hence, environmental parameters were included in sociological researches. In fact, the New Ecological Paradigm (NEP) scale, developed by environmental sociologists, introduced “environmental facts” against the social facts of Durkheim. The paradigm aims to consider the effects of&nbsp;environmental problems like resource scarcity on main sociological research issues like stratification (Catton &amp; Dunlap, 1978). Hence, environmental sociologists, by using the New Ecological Paradigm, challenge Durkheim’s methodological dictum by accepting the effect of environment on society (Dunlap &amp; Catton, 1979). Durkheim was criticized for excluding the impact of the environment on sociology with his methodological dictum. Sociology, a social discipline excluding environment (Foster, 1999, p. 367), was positioned out of “psychology, biology, economics, and geography” by Marx, Weber, and Durkheim, the three fathers of sociology (Buttel, Dickens, Dunlap, &amp; Gijswijt, 2002, p. 5). However, Marx and Weber were applauded for their concepts, the metabolic rift and rationality, in environmental sociology, unlike Durkheim who was criticized for his methodological dictum that was believed to be against the use of biophysical parameters in sociology (Lidskog, Mol, &amp; Oosterveer, 2015). Durkheim defined social facts only with other social facts, ignoring the biophysical environment (Dunlap, 2016), and implied examination of social systems without using environmental parameters (Norgaard, 1997, p. 159). Durkheim developed a social reductionism to resist biological reductionism (Benton, 1991, as cited in Konak, 2010). Hence, traditional sociology following Durkheim’s approach excluded biophysical environment (Hoyen, 2013). To objectify society within a scientific discipline (Durkheim, 2016, pp. 58, 59, 168), Durkheim defended the use of social facts and collective consciousness against biology and psychology (Hannigan, 2006, p. 5), that social facts can only be explained by social facts (Buttel, 2002) that have power over individuals and are different from non-human and organic facts (Durkheim, 2016). As a result, the methodological dictum made Durkheim and sociologists ignore biological and physical parameters (Dunlap, 1997; Dunlap &amp; Catton, 2007). The exclusion of physical reality by Weberian and Durkheimian authors (Ritzer 1975; Choldin 1978, as cited in Dunlap &amp; Catton, 2007) should be seen as a constructive approach in the early years of sociology (Buttel, 2002). The exclusion of environment was dominant and environmental parameters were ignored in other subdisciplines like rural sociology until the 1970s; these subdisciplines are the foundation of environmental sociology (Dunlap &amp; Martin 1983, as cited in Dunlap, 2002). Durkheim implied the static position of nature throughout history while society changes and evolves (Durkheim, 2010; Gross, 2000; Jarvikoski, 1996). Durkheim separated the concept of evolution, originated from ecology and biology, from nature and integrated it into the social sphere (Durkheim, 2014). Furthermore, he put a sharp distinction between human society and animals, as they lack of morality and collective consciousness (Durkheim, 2010) and they are static unlike human societies (Durkheim, 2014). Although sociological theorists Durkheim, Weber, and Marx did not directly examine society-environment interaction; their studies indirectly included this issue (Hannigan, 2006, p. 5). Hence, Durkheim should be comprehended through the extensive framework of human-nature systems instead of narrow anthropocentricism (Rosa &amp; Richter, 2008). In fact, Durkheim did not deny the importance of biological and physical parameters in sociology (Jarvikoski, 1996). Moreover, Durkheim followed the example of natural science during the exploration of social reality (Durkheim, 2016). Despite a strong and common prejudice in traditional sociology, Durkheim’s studies involve many references to the environment. However, the methodological dictum of Durkheimian scholars reinstructed sociology (Catton, 2002), resulting in Dunlap and Catton, two founders of environmental sociology, strongly criticizing the Durkheimian theory. Contrarily, the limited prevalence of social facts and the emphasis on the environmental parameters in Durkheim’s studies are important objections to their critique (Rosa &amp; Richter, 2008). Çelebi (2007, p. 159) highlighted the importance of the balance between population and land as social facts that affect society. Durkheim considered the effects of the position of sun and the condition of the atmosphere to people, and his social morphology notion had other environmental insights like the use of land (Gross, 2000). He also implied the coevolution of nature and society in his work of Pragmatism and Sociology (Foster, 1999). According to him, nature is not the reverse of society, but a part, the highest representation, and complex form of nature (Durkheim 2010; Jarvikoski, 1996). Moreover, Durkheim (2016) implied similarities between “physical environment” and society and defined society as part of nature. Durkheim often referred to nature in his classical study of totemism. Tribe members lean toward plants, animals, and rocks in understanding their society. They imitate animals in their religious rituals. Safety and domination of nature make up their religion (Durkheim, 2010). Durkheim often used biological terms like species, population density, and resource scarcity in his explanation of social evolution and solidarity concepts (Buttel, 2002). He implied that division of labor exists in all living organisms, and transfers society from nature (Durkheim, 2014). On the other hand, his notion of competition and division of labor undermined environmental concerns like pollution and resource scarcity in urbanization (Lenski, 1984, as cited in Buttel &amp; Humprey, 2002). This paper aims to examine Durkheim’s sociological approach in terms of societyenvironment interaction. The construction process of sociology as a distinct discipline excluded environmental parameters. However, urbanization and industrialization in the 1950s have caused environmental concerns and movements in Western societies.&nbsp;The foundation of environmental sociology was challenged in the 1970s by the methodological dictum of Durkheim. Although some of his studies strongly separate society from environment like social facts, he often referred to environmental concepts like population, balance, organism, and resource scarcity. Durkheim also implied metabolic interaction between society and environment, and that society is a complex part of nature.

Society-Environment Interaction in Durkheim: Exclusion of Social Facts versus Environmental Potential

@JOURNAL_BOX_FEATURED

Eric

Durkheim and the Nation

Bjørn

From Holism to Participation: Three Phases in Durkheim’s Work

@JOURNAL_BOX_MOSTREAD

Published by the Istanbul University Department of Sociology, İstanbul University Journal of Sociology has held an important place in the development of sociology as a scientific discipline in Turkey. First published in 1917, İstanbul University Journal of Sociology was the first sociology journal written in Turkish. In its roughly 100-year history, the journal has become the most pioneering and prominent publication within the discipline. The publication languages of the journal are Turkish, English, French and Germany.

İstanbul University Journal of Sociology is an open-access, double-blind peer-reviewed, international journal focusing on the publication of research and studies covering all aspects of the social. The journal’s goal is to aid and facilitate both international and interdisciplinary scientific communication, to strengthen the links between scientific research and society in Turkey, and to stimulate and enhance the quality of debate. Representing an interdisciplinary forum for the exchange of recent data and expert opinions, it reflects the importance of a comprehensive approach to resolving the social problems in Turkey.
İstanbul University Journal of Sociology publishes peer-reviewed research reports on sociology, bringing together research conducted within a variety of different disciplines. Articles include theoretical, philosophical, political essays, research papers, research on social behaviors, and historical research related to any social activity. In addition to original research, the journal features both articles and book reviews.
Studies that clearly contribute to the current knowledge of sociology are given priority. Scholarly commentaries on topical issues and systematic reviews are also encouraged.

All expenses of the journal are covered by the Istanbul University. Processing and publication are free of charge with the journal. There is no article processing charges or submission fees for any submitted or accepted articles. http://istanbul.edu.tr:8080/en/journal/iusd/information/policies                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          

İsmail

EBSCO Sociology Source Ultimate

Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI)

TR Dizin

DOAJ

@METRIC_VOLUMES

@METRIC_ISSUES

@METRIC_ARTICLES

@METRIC_OPENACCESS

İstanbul University Journal of Sociology

@INFO_TAB_ABOUT

Editor in Chief

Co Editor in Chief

Managing Editor

Section Editor

Scientific Secretariat

Editorial Relations Manager

Statistics Editor

Book Review Editor

Methodology Editor

Publicity Manager

Editorial Assistant

Technical Specialist

English Language Editor

Editorial Board Member

@INFO_TAB_BOARDS

The journal’s goal is to aid and facilitate both international and interdisciplinary scientific communication, to strengthen the links between scientific research and society in Turkey, and to stimulate and enhance the quality of debate. Representing an interdisciplinary forum for the exchange of recent data and expert opinions, it reflects the importance of a comprehensive approach to resolving the social problems in Turkey. İstanbul University Journal of Sociology publishes peer-reviewed research reports on sociology, bringing together research conducted within a variety of different disciplines. Articles include theoretical, philosophical, political essays, research papers, research on social behaviors, and historical research related to any social activity. In addition to original research, the journal features both articles and book reviews.

Aim & Scope

Web of Science Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI)TÜBİTAK ULAKBİM TR-Dizin EBSCO Sociology Source DOAJ

Indexing and Abstracting

The journal is committed to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics and pays regard to Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing published by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), the Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA), and the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME) on <a href="https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-best-practice-scholarly-publishing" target="_blank">https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-best-practice-scholarly-publishing</a> The subjects covered in the manuscripts submitted to the Journal for publication must be in accordance with the aim and scope of the Journal. Only those manuscripts approved by every individual author and that were not published before in or sent to another journal, are accepted for evaluation.Changing the name of an author (omission, addition or order) in papers submitted to the Journal requires written permission of all declared authors.Plagiarism, duplication, fraud authorship/denied authorship, research/data fabrication, salami slicing/salami publication, breaching of copyrights, prevailing conflict of interest are unethical behaviors. All manuscripts not in accordance with the accepted ethical standards will be removed from the publication. This also contains any possible malpractice discovered after the publication. Plagiarism Submitted manuscripts that pass preliminary control are scanned for plagiarism using iThenticate software. If plagiarism/self-plagiarism will be found authors will be informed. Editors may resubmit manuscript for similarity check at any peer-review or production stage if required. High similarity scores may lead to rejection of a manuscript before and even after acceptance. Depending on the type of article and the percentage of similarity score taken from each article, the overall similarity score is generally expected to be less than 15 or 20%. Double Blind Peer-Review After plagiarism check, the eligible ones are evaluated by the editors-in-chief for their originality, methodology, the importance of the subject covered and compliance with the journal scope. The editor provides a fair double-blind peer review of the submitted articles and hands over the papers matching the formal rules to at least two national/international referees for evaluation and gives green light for publication upon modification by the authors in accordance with the referees’ claims.

Policies

The journal is an open access journal and all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Except for commercial purposes, users are allowed to read, download, copy, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the <a href="https://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read" target="_blank">BOAI</a> definition of open access.The open access articles in the journal are licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/deed.en" target="_blank">CC BY-NC 4.0</a>) license.

All expenses of the journal are covered by the Istanbul University. Processing and publication are free of charge with the journal. There is no article processing charges or submission fees for any submitted or accepted articles.

Authors publishing with the journal retain the copyright to their work licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International license (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" target="_blank">CC BY-NC 4.0</a>) (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/</a>) and grant the Publisher non-exclusive commercial right to publish the work. CC BY-NC 4.0 license permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

İstanbul University Journal of Sociology is committed to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics and pays regard to Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing published by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), the Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA), and the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME) on <a href="https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-best-practice-scholarly-publishing" target="_blank">https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-best-practice-scholarly-publishing</a>All submissions must be original, unpublished (including as full text in conference proceedings), and not under the review of any other publication synchronously. Authors must ensure that submitted work is original. They must certify that the manuscript has not previously been published elsewhere or is not currently being considered for publication elsewhere, in any language. Applicable copyright laws and conventions must be followed. Copyright material (e.g. tables, figures or extensive quotations) must be reproduced only with appropriate permission and acknowledgement. Any work or words of other authors, contributors, or sources must be appropriately credited and referenced.Each manuscript is reviewed by one of the editors and at least two referees under double-blind peer review process. Plagiarism, duplication, fraud authorship/denied authorship, research/data fabrication, salami slicing/salami publication, breaching of copyrights, prevailing conflict of interest are unnethical behaviors.All manuscripts not in accordance with the accepted ethical standards will be removed from the publication. This also contains any possible malpractice discovered after the publication. In accordance with the code of conduct we will report any cases of suspected plagiarism or duplicate publishing.

Ethics

İstanbul University Journal of Sociology adheres to the highest standards in research ethics and follows the principles of international research ethics as defined below. The authors are responsible for the compliance of the manuscripts with the ethical rules.-    Principles of integrity, quality and transparency should be sustained in designing the research, reviewing the design and conducting the research.-    The research team and participants should be fully informed about the aim, methods, possible uses and requirements of the research and risks of participation in research.-    The confidentiality of the information provided by the research participants and the confidentiality of the respondents should be ensured. The research should be designed to protect the autonomy and dignity of the participants.-    Research participants should participate in the research voluntarily, not under any coercion.-    Any possible harm to participants must be avoided. The research should be planned in such a way that the participants are not at risk.-    The independence of research must be clear; and any conflict of interest or must be disclosed.-    In experimental studies with human subjects, written informed consent of the participants who decide to participate in the research must be obtained. In the case of children and those under wardship or with confirmed insanity, legal custodian’s assent must be obtained.-    If the study is to be carried out in any institution or organization, approval must be obtained from this institution or organization.-    In studies with human subject, it must be noted in the method’s section of the manuscript that the informed consent of the participants and ethics committee approval from the institution where the study has been conducted have been obtained.

It is authors’ responsibility to ensure that the article is in accordance with scientific and ethical standards and rules. And authors must ensure that submitted work is original. They must certify that the manuscript has not previously been published elsewhere or is not currently being considered for publication elsewhere, in any language. Applicable copyright laws and conventions must be followed. Copyright material (e.g. tables, figures or extensive quotations) must be reproduced only with appropriate permission and acknowledgement. Any work or words of other authors, contributors, or sources must be appropriately credited and referenced.All the authors of a submitted manuscript must have direct scientific and academic contribution to the manuscript. The author(s) of the original research articles is defined as a person who is significantly involved in “conceptualization and design of the study”, “collecting the data”, “analyzing the data”, “writing the manuscript”, “reviewing the manuscript with a critical perspective” and “planning/conducting the study of the manuscript and/or revising it”. Fund raising, data collection or supervision of the research group are not sufficient roles to be accepted as an author. The author(s) must meet all these criteria described above. The order of names in the author list of an article must be a co-decision and it must be indicated in the <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/ABCAC0D48F9844D0B211AD7D55559C54" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form</a>. The individuals who do not meet the authorship criteria but contributed to the study must take place in the acknowledgement section. Individuals providing technical support, assisting writing, providing a general support, providing material or financial support are examples to be indicated in acknowledgement section.All authors must disclose all issues concerning financial relationship, conflict of interest, and competing interest that may potentially influence the results of the research or scientific judgment.When an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in his/her own published paper, it is the author’s obligation to promptly cooperate with the Editor-in-Chief to provide retractions or corrections of mistakes.

Editor evaluates manuscripts for their scientific content without regard to ethnic origin, gender, sexual orientation, citizenship, religious belief or political philosophy of the authors. Editor provides a fair double-blind peer review of the submitted articles for publication and ensures that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential before publishing.Editor is responsible for the content and overall quality of the publication and must publish errata pages or make corrections when needed.Editor does not allow any conflicts of interest between the authors, editors and reviewers. Only editor has the full authority to assign a reviewer and is responsible for final decision for publication of the manuscripts in the Journal.Reviewers’ judgments must be objective. Reviewers must ensure that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential and must report to the Editor if they are aware of copyright infringement and plagiarism on the author’s side.A reviewer who feels unqualified to review the topic of a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the Editor and excuse himself from the review process.The editor informs the reviewers that the manuscripts are confidential information and that this is a privileged interaction. The reviewers and editorial board cannot discuss the manuscripts with other persons. Unless the authors and editor permit, the reviews of referees cannot be published or disclosed. The anonymity of the referees is important. In particular situations, the editor may share the review of one reviewer with other reviewers to clarify a particular point.

Only those manuscripts approved by its every individual author and that were not published before in or sent to another journal, are accepted for evaluation.Submitted manuscripts that pass preliminary control are scanned for plagiarism using iThenticate software. After plagiarism check, the eligible ones are evaluated by editor-in-chief for their originality, methodology, the importance of the subject covered and compliance with the journal scope.The editor hands over the papers matching the formal rules to at least two national/international referees for double-blind peer review evaluation and gives green light for publication upon modification by the authors in accordance with the referees’ claims.&#65279;

Peer Review

Editor-in-Chief evaluates manuscripts for their scientific content without regard to ethnic origin, gender, citizenship, religious belief or political philosophy of the authors. Editor-in-Chief provides a fair double-blind peer review of the submitted articles for publication and ensures that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential before publishing.Editor-in-Chief is responsible for the contents and overall quality of the publication. He/She must publish errata pages or make corrections when needed.Editor-in-Chief does not allow any conflicts of interest between the authors, editors and reviewers. Only he has the full authority to assign a reviewer and is responsible for final decision for publication of the manuscripts in the Journal.Reviewers must have no conflict of interest with respect to the research, the authors and/or the research funders. Their judgments must be objective.Reviewers must ensure that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential and must report to the editor if they are aware of copyright infringement and plagiarism on the author’s side.A reviewer who feels unqualified to review the topic of a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse himself from the review process.The editor informs the reviewers that the manuscripts are confidential information and that this is a privileged interaction. The reviewers and editorial board cannot discuss the manuscripts with other persons. The anonymity of the referees must be ensured. In particular situations, the editor may share the review of one reviewer with other reviewers to clarify a particular point.

Only those manuscripts approved by its every individual author and that were not published before in or sent to another journal, are accepted for evaluation.Submitted manuscripts that pass preliminary control are scanned for plagiarism using iThenticate software. After plagiarism check, the eligible ones are evaluated by Editor-in-Chief for their originality, methodology, the importance of the subject covered and compliance with the journal scope.Editor-in-Chief evaluates manuscripts for their scientific content without regard to ethnic origin, gender, citizenship, religious belief or political philosophy of the authors and ensures a fair double-blind peer review of the selected manuscripts.​ The selected manuscripts are sent to at least two national/international referees for evaluation and publication decision is given by Editor-in-Chief upon modification by the authors in accordance with the referees’ claims. Editor-in-Chief does not allow any conflicts of interest between the authors, editors and reviewers and is responsible for final decision for publication of the manuscripts in the Journal. Reviewers’ judgments must be objective. Reviewers’ comments on the following aspects are expected while conducting the review.- Does the manuscript contain new and significant information?- Does the abstract clearly and accurately describe the content of the manuscript?- Is the problem significant and concisely stated?- Are the methods described comprehensively?- Are the interpretations and consclusions justified by the results?- Is adequate references made to other Works in the field?- Is the language acceptable?Reviewers must ensure that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential and must report to the editor if they are aware of copyright infringement and plagiarism on the author’s side.A reviewer who feels unqualified to review the topic of a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse himself from the review process.The editor informs the reviewers that the manuscripts are confidential information and that this is a privileged interaction. The reviewers and editorial board cannot discuss the manuscripts with other persons. The anonymity of the referees is important.

General Formatting Requirements<a href="http://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/FileHandler2.ashx?f=formatting_guidelines1.pdf" target="_blank">Formatting and content requirements for manuscripts to be submitted to İstanbul University Journal of Sociology </a>Font: The font used in the entire manuscript should be Times New Roman, font size 10. For tables and figures, see below.Page Layout: Page margins for bottom, top, right, and left should be pre-set as 2.5 cm (0.98 inch). Text should be justified with no hyphenation breaks in words at the end of a line. Text should be typed as a single-column document. Paragraphs and headings should not be indented, but aligned with the main text.Paragraph Format: Paragraph indents should be pre-set in the tabs section as follows:before and after: 0.6 nkline spacing: 1.5.Page Limit: Manuscripts prepared in compliance with the guidelines should not exceed 20 pages.Manuscript SectionsTitle: Article titles should be boldfaced and centered. If the study has been submitted before or extracted from a project or a thesis, an asterisk (*) should be placed at the end of the title and an explanation provided as a footnote. (Please refer to the sample).Author (s)’s Names: Author’s names should be written in bold. Authors’ full names, titles, institutional affiliations, postal addresses, and contact details such as e-mail addresses should be mentioned.Abstract: Abstracts should be between150–200 words. No citations should appear in the abstractKey Words: 5–8 words representing the manuscript should be given as keywords.Main Text: Qualitative and quantitative studies should contain the following sections: Introduction, Method, Findings, and Discussion. The Methods section must include Sampling/Study Population, Data Collection Tools,and Procedure as sub-sections if an original research method has been used.Literature reviews should elaborate on the problem, analyze the relevant literature, emphasize the gaps and inconsistencies in the literature, and discuss actions toward solving these problems.Other types of studies can allow slight variations in sections, but they should not contain too many details and sub-sections that could distract readers’ attention and compromise readability.Başlık* Title in TurkishÖz* Öz (Abstract in Turkish) should be between150–200 words. No citations should appear in the “öz”Anahtar Kelimeler* 5-8 Turkish words representing the manuscript should be given as “anahtar kelimeler”Uzun Özet* A 1000-1500 word extended abstract in Turkish that provides the main points of main textReferences: Both in-text citations and references should comply with the APA guidelines as provided in the Publication Manual of American Psychological Association(APA) (6th edition).<ul><li>“Başlık”, “Öz”, “Anahtar Kelimeler” and “Uzun Özet” will be supplied by İstanbul University Journal of Sociology translation office for authors whose native language is not Turkish</li></ul>Tables, Figures, and AppendicesTables and Figures: Tables, figures, pictures, graphics, and similar aspects should be embedded in the text, and not provided as appendices.For tables and figures, use Times New Roman, font size 9.Under the Paragraph tab, ensure that the indentation is as follows:<ul><li>Before and after: 0</li><li>Spacing: Single</li></ul>Tables and figures should be left aligned, and the text wrapping feature should be turned off. Please refer to the sample below for tables.Appendices: Each appendix should be displayed on a separate page after the references section.

Author Guidelines

Before beginning the online submission process please read the Information for Authors and make sure you have the followings available:<a href="http://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/FileHandler2.ashx?f=formatting_guidelines1.pdf" target="_blank">Formatting and content requirements for manuscripts to be submitted to İstanbul University Journal of Sociology</a>Cover letter to the editor<ul type="disc"> <ul type="circle"> <li>The category of the manuscript</li> <li>Confirming that “the paper is not under consideration for publication in another journal”.</li> <li>Including disclosure of any commercial or financial involvement.</li> <li>Confirming that the statistical design of the research article is reviewed.</li> <li>Confirming that last control for fluent English was done.</li> <li>Confirming that journal policies detailed in Information for Authors have been reviewed.</li> <li>Confirming that the references cited in the text and listed in the references section are in line with APA 6.</li> </ul> </ul><a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/ABCAC0D48F9844D0B211AD7D55559C54" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form</a>Permission of previous published material if used in the present manuscript<a href="http://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/FileHandler2.ashx?f=iusd_title.docx" target="_blank">Title page</a><ul type="disc"> <ul type="circle"> <li>The category of the manuscript</li> <li>The title of the manuscript both in the language of the article and in English</li> <li>All authors’ names and affiliations (institution, faculty/department, city, country), e-mail addresses</li> <li>Corresponding author’s email address, full postal address, telephone and fax number</li> <li>ORCIDs of all authors.</li> </ul> </ul>Main Manuscript Document<ul type="disc"> <ul type="circle"> <li>The title of the manuscript both in the language of the article and in English</li> <li>Abstracts (200-250 words) both in the language of the article and in English</li> <li>Key words: 5 words both in the language of the article and in English</li> <li>Extended Abstract (600-800 words) in English (only for articles which are not in English)</li> <li>Main article sections</li> <li>Acknowledgement (if exits)</li> <li>References</li> <li>All tables, illustrations (figures) (including title, description, footnotes)</li> </ul> </ul>Manuscript Submission<ul type="disc"> <li>ScholarOne manuscript submission site of the journal is: <a href="http://mc04.manuscriptcentral.com/tjs" target="_blank">http://mc04.manuscriptcentral.com/tjs</a> </li> <li>The manuscript must be submitted through the account of the corresponding author. The account of authors other than the corresponding author or someone else who is not included as an author in the work must not be used for submission. All correspondence regarding the submission is made with the corresponding author through e-mail via the ScholarOne system.</li> </ul><ul type="disc"> <li>To login to the ScholarOne manuscript submission system, you must have a User ID and password. If you do not have a username and password, you must follow the instructions in the Create Account at ScholarOne manuscript submission site of the journal.</li> </ul><ul type="disc"> <li>If you experience problems with your account, please do not create a new one and contact İstanbul University Journal of Sociology Editorial Office via <a href="mailto:sosyolojidergi@istanbul.edu.tr" target="_blank">sosyolojidergi@istanbul.edu.tr</a></li> <li>When you log in, click the Author button at the top of the page.</li> <li>Clicking the Author button, you will access Author Dashboard. By clicking Unsubmitted and Manuscripts in Draft heading on the Dashboard you can access your unsubmitted manuscripts. To make a new submission, please click Start New Submission.</li> <li>Manuscript submission is a 7-step process. At any stage you can stop the submission process; everything you have typed into the system will be saved. You can continue to your semi- completed submission by viewing it in the Unsubmitted and Manuscript in Draft section. </li> <li>The 2nd step in the submission process is to upload your manuscript. </li> <li>To upload files; Select the file you want to upload from the Selection File button. Specify the file type from the File Designation button beside. </li> <li>While uploading Main Document, make sure that the main document has no information that clarify the author’s identity. Due to double blind peer review, Main Document must not include Title Page, the name of author or any other detail that can disclose the author identity. </li> <li>Additionaly, Supplemental File for Review must not include any detail that can disclose author identity as well.</li> </ul>Files to be uploaded separately<ul type="disc"> <li><a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/3987D117ECEB471BB87B0B638CAF14C1" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form</a></li> <li>Permissions obtained for previously published material if used in the present manuscript</li> <li><a href="http://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/FileHandler2.ashx?f=iusd_title.docx" target="_blank">Title page</a></li> <li>Main Manuscript Document</li> </ul><ul type="disc"> <ul type="circle"> <li>The title of the manuscript both in the language of the article and in English</li> <li>Abstracts (200-250 words) both in the language of the article and in English</li> <li>Key words: 5 words both in Turkish and in English</li> <li>Extended Abstract (600-800 words) in English (only for articles which are not in English)</li> <li>Main article sections</li> <li>Acknowledgement (if exists)</li> <li>References</li> <li>All tables, illustrations (figures) (including title, description, footnotes)</li> </ul> </ul><ul type="disc"> <li>Clicking the Upload Selected Files, the files mentioned above will be uploaded and automatically converted to PDF files on the system.</li> </ul><ul type="disc"> <li>After uploading,  please click on PDF button and view your files. If the uploaded files have flaws, you can delete the files and repeat upload process.</li> </ul><ul type="disc"> <li>Cover letter can be uploaded on the 6th step in the submission process. The final step in manuscript submission process lists all the information you have submitted.  The complete information will be indicated by a green check (✓). If incomplete, there will be a red cross (x) check. Once you have completed the submission process to your satisfaction click on the submit button.</li> <li>Once the manuscript submission is completed, verification screen including your Manuscript ID will appear, and you will be notified via email.</li> </ul>

İstanbul University Journal of Sociology complies with APA (American Psychological Association) style 6th Edition for referencing and quoting. For more information:-    American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication manual of the American PsychologicalAssociation (6th ed.). Washington, DC: APA.-    <a href="http://www.apastyle.org" target="_blank">http://www.apastyle.org</a>Accuracy of citation is the author’s responsibility. All references should be cited in text. Reference list must be in alphabetical order. Type references in the style shown below.Citations in the TextCitations must be indicated with the author surname and publication year within the parenthesis.If more than one citation is made within the same paranthesis, separate them with (;).Samples:More than one citation;(Esin et al., 2002; Karasar, 1995)Citation with one author;(Akyolcu, 2007)Citation with two authors;(Sayıner &amp; Demirci, 2007)Citation with three, four, five authors;First citation in the text: (Ailen, Ciambrune, &amp; Welch, 2000) Subsequent citations in the text: (Ailen et al., 2000)Citations with more than six authors;(Çavdar et al., 2003)Citations in the ReferenceAll the citations done in the text should be listed in the References section in alphabetical order of author surname without numbering. Below given examples should be considered in citing the references.Basic Reference TypesBooka) Turkish BookKarasar, N. (1995). Araştırmalarda rapor hazırlama (8th ed.) [Preparing research reports]. Ankara, Turkey: 3A Eğitim Danışmanlık Ltd.b) Book Translated into TurkishMucchielli, A. (1991). Zihniyetler [Mindsets] (A. Kotil, Trans.). İstanbul, Turkey: İletişim Yayınları.c) Edited BookÖren, T., Üney, T., &amp; Çölkesen, R. (Eds.). (2006). Türkiye bilişim ansiklopedisi [Turkish Encyclopedia of Informatics]. İstanbul, Turkey: Papatya Yayıncılık.d) Turkish Book with Multiple AuthorsTonta, Y., Bitirim, Y., &amp; Sever, H. (2002). Türkçe arama motorlarında performans değerlendirme [Performance evaluation in Turkish search engines]. Ankara, Turkey: Total Bilişim.e) Book in EnglishKamien R., &amp; Kamien A. (2014). Music: An appreciation. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.f) Chapter in an Edited BookBassett, C. (2006). Cultural studies and new media. In G. Hall &amp; C. Birchall (Eds.), New cultural studies: Adventures in theory (pp. 220–237). Edinburgh, UK: Edinburgh University Press.g) Chapter in an Edited Book in TurkishErkmen, T. (2012). Örgüt kültürü: Fonksiyonları, öğeleri, işletme yönetimi ve liderlikteki önemi [Organization culture: Its functions, elements and importance in leadership and business management]. In M. Zencirkıran (Ed.), Örgüt sosyolojisi [Organization sociology] (pp. 233–263). Bursa, Turkey: Dora Basım Yayın.h) Book with the same organization as author and publisherAmerican Psychological Association. (2009). Publication manual of the American psychological association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.Articlea) Turkish ArticleMutlu, B., &amp; Savaşer, S. (2007). Çocuğu ameliyat sonrası yoğun bakımda olan ebeveynlerde stres nedenleri ve azaltma girişimleri [Source and intervention reduction of stress for parents whose children are in intensive care unit after surgery]. Istanbul University Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing, 15(60), 179–182.b) English Articlede Cillia, R., Reisigl, M., &amp; Wodak, R. (1999). The discursive construction of national identity. Discourse and Society, 10(2), 149–173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957926599010002002c) Journal Article with DOI and More Than Seven AuthorsLal, H., Cunningham, A. L., Godeaux, O., Chlibek, R., Diez-Domingo, J., Hwang, S.-J. ... Heineman, T. C. (2015). Efficacy of an adjuvanted herpes zoster subunit vaccine in older adults. New England Journal of Medicine, 372, 2087–2096. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1501184d) Journal Article from Web, without DOISidani, S. (2003). Enhancing the evaluation of nursing care effectiveness. Canadian Journal of Nursing Research, 35(3), 26–38. Retrieved from http://cjnr.mcgill.cae) Journal Article wih DOITurner, S. J. (2010). Website statistics 2.0: Using Google Analytics to measure library website effectiveness. Technical Services Quarterly, 27, 261–278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07317131003765910f) Advance Online PublicationSmith, J. A. (2010). Citing advance online publication: A review. Journal of Psychology. Advance online publication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a45d7867g) Article in a MagazineHenry, W. A., III. (1990, April 9). Making the grade in today’s schools. Time, 135, 28–31.Doctoral Dissertation, Master’s Thesis, Presentation, Proceedinga) Dissertation/Thesis from a Commercial DatabaseVan Brunt, D. (1997). Networked consumer health information systems (Doctoral dissertation). Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 9943436)b) Dissertation/Thesis from an Institutional DatabaseYaylalı-Yıldız, B. (2014). University campuses as places of potential publicness: Exploring the politicals, social and cultural practices in Ege University (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tr/hizli-erisim/iyte-tez-portalic) Dissertation/Thesis from WebTonta, Y. A. (1992). An analysis of search failures in online library catalogs (Doctoral dissertation, University of California, Berkeley). Retrieved from http://yunus.hacettepe.edu.tr/~tonta/yayinlar /phd/ickapak.htmld) Dissertation/Thesis abstracted in Dissertations Abstracts InternationalAppelbaum, L. G. (2005). Three studies of human information processing: Texture amplifica&#173;tion, motion representation, and figure-ground segregation. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B. Sciences and Engineering, 65(10), 5428.e) Symposium ContributionKrinsky-McHale, S. J., Zigman, W. B., &amp; Silverman, W. (2012, August). Are neuropsychiatric symptoms markers of prodromal Alzheimer’s disease in adults with Down syndrome? In W. B. Zigman (Chair), Predictors of mild cognitive impairment, dementia, and mortality in adults with Down syndrome. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, Orlando, FL.f) Conference Paper Abstract Retrieved OnlineLiu, S. (2005, May). Defending against business crises with the help of intelligent agent based early warning solutions. Paper presented at the Seventh International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems, Miami, FL. Abstract retrieved from http://www.iceis.org/iceis2005/abstracts_2005.htmg) Conference Paper - In Regularly Published Proceedings and Retrieved OnlineHerculano-Houzel, S., Collins, C. E., Wong, P., Kaas, J. H., &amp; Lent, R. (2008). The basic nonuniformity of the cerebral cortex. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105, 12593–12598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0805417105h) Proceeding in Book FormParsons, O. A., Pryzwansky, W. B., Weinstein, D. J., &amp; Wiens, A. N. (1995). Taxonomy for psychology. In J. N. Reich, H. Sands, &amp; A. N. Wiens (Eds.), Education and training beyond the doctoral degree: Proceedings of the American Psychological Association National Conference on Postdoctoral Education and Training in Psychology (pp. 45–50). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.i) Paper PresentationNguyen, C. A. (2012, August). Humor and deception in advertising: When laughter may not be the best medicine. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, Orlando, FL.Other Sourcesa) Newspaper ArticleBrowne, R. (2010, March 21). This brainless patient is no dummy. Sydney Morning Herald, 45.b) Newspaper Article with no AuthorNew drug appears to sharply cut risk of death from heart failure. (1993, July 15). The Washington Post, p. A12.c) Web Page/Blog PostBordwell, D. (2013, June 18). David Koepp: Making the world movie-sized [Web log post]. Retrieved from http://www.davidbordwell.net/blog/page/27/d) Online Encyclopedia/DictionaryIgnition. (1989). In Oxford English online dictionary (2nd ed.). Retrieved from http://dictionary.oed. comMarcoux, A. (2008). Business ethics. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.). The Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy. Retrieved from http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ethics-business/e) PodcastDunning, B. (Producer). (2011, January 12). inFact: Conspiracy theories [Video podcast]. Retrieved from http://itunes.apple.com/f) Single Episode in a Television SeriesEgan, D. (Writer), &amp; Alexander, J. (Director). (2005). Failure to communicate. [Television series episode]. In D. Shore (Executive producer), House; New York, NY: Fox Broadcasting.g) MusicFuchs, G. (2004). Light the menorah. On Eight nights of Hanukkah [CD]. Brick, NJ: Kid Kosher.

Ensure that the following items are present: ●    Cover letter to the editorü    The category of the manuscriptü    Confirming that “the paper is not under consideration for publication in another journal”.ü    Including disclosure of any commercial or financial involvement.ü    Confirming that last control for fluent English was done.ü    Confirming that journal policies detailed in Information for Authors have been reviewed.ü    Confirming that the references cited in the text and listed in the references section are inline with APA 6.●    <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/ABCAC0D48F9844D0B211AD7D55559C54" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form</a>●    Permission of previous published material if used in the present manuscript●    <a href="http://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/FileHandler2.ashx?f=titlepage-tjs_637055212739219017.docx" target="_blank">Title page</a>ü    The category of the manuscriptü    The title of the manuscript both in the language of article and in Englishü    All authors’ names and affiliations (institution, faculty/department, city, country),e-mail addressesü    Corresponding author’s email address, full postal address, telephone and fax numberü    ORCIDs of all authors.●    Main Manuscript Documentü    The title of the manuscript both in the language of article and in Englishü    Abstracts (200-250 words) both in the language of article and in Englishü    Key words: 5 words both in the language of article and in Englishü    Extended Abstract (600-800 words) in English for the articles which are not in Englishü    Acknowledgement (if exists)ü    Referencesü    Acknowledgements, grant supports, conflict of interest should be indicated

<a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/ABCAC0D48F9844D0B211AD7D55559C54" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form</a><a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/66EE5F4908F44A6FA5B92F4D78957028" target="_blank">Author Form</a><a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/16279B004C2A43C1BF7BBE28181666F7" target="_blank">Title Page</a>

ISSN	1304-2998
E-ISSN	2667-6931
Period	Biannually
Editor	İsmail Coşkun
Published by the Istanbul University Department of Sociology, İstanbul University Journal of Sociology has held an important place in the development of sociology as a scientific discipline in Turkey. First published in 1917, İstanbul University Journal of Sociology was the first sociology journal written in Turkish. In its roughly 100-year history, the journal has become the most pioneering and prominent publication within the discipline. The publication languages of the journal are Turkish, English, French and Germany. İstanbul University Journal of Sociology is an open-access, double-blind peer-reviewed, international journal focusing on the publication of research and studies covering all aspects of the social. The journal’s goal is to aid and facilitate both international and interdisciplinary scientific communication, to strengthen the links between scientific research and society in Turkey, and to stimulate and enhance the quality of debate. Representing an interdisciplinary fo read more

İstanbul University Journal of Sociology

CURRENT ISSUE

Durkheim’s Theory of Suicide: A Study of Adolescents in Turkey

Biopolitics of Non-Motherhood: Childfree Women on a Persian-Language Digital Platform for Mothers

Risk-Conscious Motherhood: The Impact of Experts’ Risk Discourses on Mothering Experience

From Dedication to Burnout to Turnover: The Cry for Help from Doctors Who’ve Resigned or Retired during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Behaviors on Obtaining and Verifying Health Information from Digital Media During the Infodemic

Sociology Discovers the Market: Economic Sociology

FEATURED

Tradition, Morality and Solidarity in Durkheim’s Theory

Society-Environment Interaction in Durkheim: Exclusion of Social Facts versus Environmental Potential

MOST READ

Durkheim and the Nation

From Holism to Participation: Three Phases in Durkheim’s Work

METRICS

ANNOUNCEMENTS

SUBSCRIBE

CONTACT