Research Article


DOI :10.26650/SP2022-1067275   IUP :10.26650/SP2022-1067275    Full Text (PDF)

On the Relationship Between Leader-Member Exchange and Employees’ Turnover Intentions: Examination of Mediation Role of Trust in Leader

Eser ErdurmazlıGökdeniz Kalkın

As the most important determinant of turnover behaviors, an employee’s intention to leave his/her job stands out as one of the strongest predictors of that employee’s actual turnover behavior. Economic opportunities, personal and work-related factors can play an important role in employees’ intention to leave. Moreover, it is suggested in the literature that dyadic relationships between employees and their managers (i.e. leaders) are one of the important factors affecting that turnover intention. Although there are studies focusing on the relationship between leader-member exchange and turnover intention in the current literature, there is a need to explain how this relationship between leadermember exchange and turnover intention emerges, together with the related theoretical mechanisms. Considering that trust is an important factor determining the quality of relationships between managers and employees, it is however quite surprising that among studies in the existing literature investigating the ways how the quality of leader-member interactions affects employees’ turnover intentions, there is no study that examines trust in the leader as a mediating mechanism. In this context, the current study examines the mediating effect of trust in leader in order to draw a clear picture of the relationship between the quality of leadermember interaction and the employee’s intention to leave. This study makes use of social exchange and leader-member exchange theories to draw a clearer picture of this relationship. In order to test the hypothesis of the research, the data collected from 217 participants working in various hotels operating in Muğla province and carrying out different tasks were analyzed. In the analysis of the data collected by the survey method, PROCESS macro for SPSS/SAS developed by Hayes and regression analyses were used, so that direct and indirect effects were calculated. The findings of the study confirm that trust in leader mediates the relationship between leader-member exchange quality and employee turnover intention. In addition to its theoretical contribution that can fill the gap in the relevant literature, it is thought that the findings of this study may also help to retain the qualified workforce in the hospitality sector in the practical context.

DOI :10.26650/SP2022-1067275   IUP :10.26650/SP2022-1067275    Full Text (PDF)

Lider-Üye Etkileşimi ile Çalışanların İşten Ayrılma Niyetleri Arasındaki İlişki Üzerine: Lidere Duyulan Güvenin Aracılık Rolünün İncelenmesi

Eser ErdurmazlıGökdeniz Kalkın

İşten ayrılma davranışlarının en önemli belirleyicisi olarak bir çalışanın işten ayrılma niyeti, o çalışanın fiili işten ayrılma davranışının en güçlü yordayıcılarından biri olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Ekonomik imkanlar, kişisel ve işle ilgili faktörler çalışanların işten ayrılma niyetlerinde önemli rol oynayabilmektedir. Dahası, literatürde çalışanlar ve yöneticileri (yani liderler) arasındaki ikili ilişkilerin çalışanların işten ayrılma niyetini etkileyen önemli faktörlerden biri olduğu öne sürülmektedir. Mevcut literatürde lider ve astları arasındaki etkileşimler ile işten ayrılma niyeti arasındaki ilişkiye odaklanan çalışmalar bulunsa da, lider-üye etkileşimi ile işten ayrılma niyeti arasındaki bu ilişkinin nasıl ortaya çıktığının teoriye dayalı ilgili mekanizmaları ile birlikte açıklanmasına ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır. Dahası, güvenin yönetici ve çalışan arasındaki ilişkilerin kalitesini belirleyen önemli bir faktör olduğu dikkate alındığında, mevcut literatürde lider-üye etkileşiminin kalitesinin çalışanların işten ayrılma niyetleri üzerinde hangi yollarla etkilerde bulunduğunu araştıran çalışmalar içerisinde lidere duyulan güveni aracı bir mekanizma olarak inceleyen herhangi bir çalışmanın bulunmayışı da oldukça şaşırtıcıdır. Bu kapsamda mevcut çalışma, lider-üye etkileşiminin kalitesi ile çalışanın işten ayrılma niyeti arasındaki ilişkinin nasıl ortaya çıktığının net bir resmini oluşturulabilmek üzere ‘lidere duyulan güven’in aracılık etkisini incelemektedir. Bu çalışma, söz konusu ilişkinin daha net bir resmini çizebilmek için sosyal mübadele ve lider-üye etkileşimi teorilerinden faydalanmaktadır. Araştırmanın hipotezini test etmek amacıyla, Muğla ilinde faaliyet gösteren çeşitli otellerde çalışan ve farklı görevler yürüten 217 katılımcıdan toplanan veriler analiz edilmiştir. Anket yöntemiyle toplanan verilerin analizinde Hayes tarafından SPSS/SAS için geliştirilen PROCESS makro ve regresyon analizleri kullanılmış, böylece doğrudan ve dolaylı etkiler hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmanın bulguları, lidere duyulan güvenin lider-üye etkileşimi kalitesi ve çalışanın işten ayrılma niyeti arasındaki ilişkiye aracılık ettiğini göstermiştir. Çalışmanın bulgularının, ilgili literatürdeki boşluğu doldurabilecek kuramsal katkısına ilave olarak, konaklama sektöründeki nitelikli iş gücünün muhafaza edilmesine de pratik bağlamda yardımcı olabileceği değerlendirilmektedir. 


PDF View

References

  • Altuntaş, G., Akca, M., & Polat, D. D. (2020). Yöneticiye duyulan güven ile işten ayrılma niyeti arasındaki ilişkide Lider - Üye etkileşiminin rolü. Toros ÜniversitesiİİSBFSosyalBilimler Dergisi, 7 (12), 86-114. google scholar
  • Amunkete, S., & Rothmann, S. (2015). Authentic leadership, psychological capital, job satisfaction and intention to leave in state-owned enterprises. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 25(4), 271-281. doi: 10.1080/14330237.2015.1078082 google scholar
  • Ansari, M. A., Hung, D. K. M., & Aafaqi, R. (2007). Leader-member exchange and attitudinal outcomes: Role of procedural justice climate. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 28(8), 690-709. doi: 10.1108/01437730710835443 google scholar
  • Ajzen, I. (2011). The theory of planned behavior: Reactions and reflections. Psychology & Health, 26(9), 1113-1127. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2011.613995 google scholar
  • Backes-Gellner, U., Frick, B., & Sadowski, D. (1997). Codetermination and personnel policies of German firms: The influence of works councils on turnover and further training. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 8(3), 328-347. doi: 10.1080/095851997341676 google scholar
  • Blau, P. (1964). Exchange and power in social life. Wiley. google scholar
  • Brower, H. H., Schoorman, F. D., & Tan, H. H. (2000). A model of relational leadership: The integration of trust and leader-member exchange. Leadership Quarterly, 11(2), 227-250. doi: 10.1016/S1048-9843(00)00040-0 google scholar
  • Bukhari, S., & Bhutto, N. A. (2021). Role of trust in leader-member exchange & innovative work behavior relationship. Indian Journal of Economics and Business, 20(2), 1175-1189. google scholar
  • Butler, J. K. (1991). Toward understanding and measuring conditions of trust: Evolution of conditions of trust inventory. Journal of Management, 17(3), 643-663. doi: 10.1177/014920639101700307 google scholar
  • Carsten, J. M., & Spector, P. E. (1987). Unemployment, job satisfaction, and employee turnover: A meta-analytic test of the Muchinsky model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 72(3), 374-381. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.72.3.374 google scholar
  • Colquitt, J. A., & Rodell, J. B. (2011). Justice, trust, and trustworthiness: A longitudinal analysis integrating three theoretical perspectives. Academy of Management Journal, 54(6), 1183-1206. doi: 10.5465/amj.2007.0572 google scholar
  • Costigan, R. D., Insinga, R. C., Berman, J. J., Kranas, G., & Kureshov, V. A. (2011). Revisiting the relationship of supervisor trust and CEO trust to turnover intentions: A three-country comparative study. Journal of World Business, 46(1), 74-83. doi: 10.1016/j.jwb.2010.05.019 google scholar
  • Cotton, J. L., & Tuttle, J. M. (1986). Employee turnover: A meta-analysis and review with implications for research. The Academy ofManagement Review, 11(1), 55-70. doi: 10.2307/258331 google scholar
  • Cropanzano, R., & Mitchell, M. S. (2005). Social exchange theory: An interdisciplinary review. Journal ofManagement, 31(6), 874-900. doi: 10.1177/0149206305279602 google scholar
  • Çalışkan, G. (2015). An examination of coach and player relationships according to the adapted LMX 7 scale: A validity and reliability study. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 19(1), 22-33. doi: 10.1080/1091367X.2014.977996 google scholar
  • Davis, J. H., Schoorman, F. D., Mayer, R. C., & Tan, H. H. (2000). The trusted general manager and business unit performance: Empirical evidence of a competitive advantage. Strategic Management Journal, 21(5), 563-576. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(200005)21:5<563::AID-SMJ99>3.0.CO;2-0 google scholar
  • Deluga, R. J. (1994). Supervisor trust building, leader-member exchange and organizational citizenship behavior. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 6, 315-326. doi: 10.1111/ j.2044-8325.1994.tb00570.x google scholar
  • Dienesch, R. M., & Liden, R. C. (1986). Leader-member exchange model of leadership: A critique and further development. The Academy ofManagement Review, 11(3), 618-634. doi: 10.2307/258314 google scholar
  • Dirks, K. T., & Ferrin, D. L. (2002). Trust in leadership: Meta-analytic finding and implications for research and practice. Journal ofApplied Psychology, 87(4), 611-628. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.87.4.611 google scholar
  • Dust, S. B., Resick, C. J., & Mawritz, M. B. (2014). Transformational leadership, psychological empowerment, and the moderating role of mechanistic-organic contexts. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 35(3), 413-433. doi: 10.1002/job.1904 google scholar
  • Düger, Y. S. (2020). Lider-üye etkileşiminin çalışan sesliliği ve işten ayrılma niyeti üzerindeki etkisi: Psikolojik güçlendirmenin düzenleyici rolü. Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences, 19(3), 1215-1236. doi: 10.21547/jss.673582 google scholar
  • Elanain, H. M. A. (2014). Leader-member exchange and intent to turnover. Management Research Review, 37(2), 110-129. doi: 10.1108/MRR-09-2012-0197 google scholar
  • Emerson, R. M. (1976). Social exchange theory. Annual Review ofSociology, 2, 335-362. doi: 10.1146/ annurev.so.02.080176.002003 google scholar
  • Ferrin, D. L., Bligh, M. C., & Kohles, J. C. (2008). It takes two to tango: An interdependence analysis of the spiraling of perceived trustworthiness and cooperation in interpersonal and intergroup relationships. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 107(2), 161-178. doi: 10.1016/j.obhdp.2008.02.012 google scholar
  • Fischer, S., Hyder, S., & Walker, A. (2020). The effect of employee affective and cognitive trust in leadership on organizational citizenship behavior and organizational commitment: Meta-analytic findings and implications for trust research. Australian Journal of Management. 45(4), 1-18. doi:10.1177/0312896219899450 google scholar
  • Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. google scholar
  • Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of 'Markeiing Research, 18(1), 39-50. doi: 10.2307/3151312 google scholar
  • Gerstner, C., & Day, D. (1997). Meta-analytic review of leader-member exchange theory: Correlates and construct issues. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82(6), 827-844. doi: 10.1037//0021-9010.82.6.827 google scholar
  • Graen, G., & Uhl-Bien, M. (1995). Relationship-based approach to leadership: Development of leader-member exchange (LMX) theory of leadership over 25 years: Applying a multi-level multi-domain perspective. Leadership Quarierly, 6(2), 219-274. doi: 10.1016/1048-9843(95)90036-5 google scholar
  • Griffeth, R. W., Hom, P. W., & Gaertner, S. (2000). A meta-analysis of antecedents and correlates of employee turnover: Update, moderator tests, and research implications for the next millennium. Journal ofManagemeni, 26(3), 463-488. doi: 110.1177/014920630002600305 google scholar
  • Harris, K. J., & Kacmar, K. M. (2005). Erasing the strain: The buffer role of supervisors in the perceptions of politics-strain relationship. Journal of Occupaiional and Organizaiional Psychology, 78, 337354. doi: 10.1287/orsc.2013.0857 google scholar
  • Hayes, A. F. (2013). Iniroduciion io mediaiion, moderaiion, and condiiional process analysis: A regression-based approach. Guilford Press. google scholar
  • He, J., Morrison, A. M., & Zhang, H. (2021). How high-performance HR practices and LMX affect employee engagement and creativity in hospitality. Journal of Hospiialiiy & Tourism Research, 45(8), 1360-1382. doi: 10.1177/1096348021996800 google scholar
  • Hellman, C. M. (1997). Job satisfaction and intent to leave. Journal of Social Psychology, 137(6), 677-689. doi: 10.1080/00224549709595491 google scholar
  • Hogan, R., Curphy, G., & Hogan, J. (1994). What we know about leadership: Effectiveness and personality. American Psychologisi, 49, 493-504. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.49.6.493 google scholar
  • Hosmer, L. T. (1995). Trust: The connecting link between organizational theory and philosophical ethics. Academy ofManagemeni Review, 20(2), 379-403. doi: 10.2307/258851 google scholar
  • Huang, I.-C., Du, P.-L., Wu, L.-F., Achyldurdyyeva, J., Wu, L.-C. and Lin, C.S. (2021), Leader-member exchange, employee turnover intention and presenteeism: The mediating role of perceived organizational support. Leadership & Organizaiion Developmeni Journal, 42(2), 249-264. doi: 10.1108/LODJ-03-2020-0094 google scholar
  • Jordan, P. J., & Troth, A. (2011). Emotional intelligence and leader member exchange. Leadership & Organizaiion Developmeni Journal, 32(3), 260-280. doi: 10.1108/01437731111123915 google scholar
  • Kendir, H., Arslan, E. & Bozkurt, H. Ö. (2018). Devam bağlılığı, presenteeism ve işten ayrılma niyeti arasındaki ilişki: Beş yıldızlı otel işletmelerinde bir araştırma. İşleime Araşiırmaları Dergisi, 10(4), 1029-1046. google scholar
  • Kim, P. B., Poulston, J., & Sankaran, A.C. (2016). An examination of leader-member-exchange (LMX) agreement between employees and their supervisors and its influence on work outcomes. Journal of Hospiialiiy Markeiing & Managemeni, 26(3), 238-258. doi: 10.1080/19368623.2017.1228094 google scholar
  • Kramer, R. M. (1999). Trust and distrust in organizations: Emerging perspectives, enduring questions. Annual Review of Psychology, 50, 569-598. doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.50.1.569 google scholar
  • Leupold, C. R., Ellis, L. E., & Valle, M. (2013). Job embeddedness and retail pharmacists’ intention to leave. The Psychologisi-Manager Journal, 16(4), 197-216. doi: 10.1037/mgr0000006 google scholar
  • Lewicki, R. J., & Bunker, B. B. (1996). Developing and maintaining trust in work relationships. In Kramer, R. M. and Tyler, T. R. (Eds.), Trust in organizations: Frontiers in theory and research (pp. 114-139). Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications. google scholar
  • Liden, R. C., & Graen, G. (1980). Generalizability of the vertical dyad linkage model of leadership. Academy of Management Journal, 23(3), 451-465. doi: 10.2307/255511 google scholar
  • Liden, R., & Maslyn, J. (1998). Multidimensionality of leader-member exchange: An empirical assessment scale development. Journal of Management Review, 23(3), 438-458. doi: 10.1016/ S0149-2063(99)80053-1 google scholar
  • Mach, M., & Lvina, E. (2017). When trust in the leader matters: The moderated-mediation model of team performance and trust. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 29(2), 134-149. doi:10.1080/1 0413200.2016.1196765 google scholar
  • Mishra, J., & Morrissey, M. A. (1990). Trust in employee/employer relationships: A survey of west Michigan managers. Public Personnel Management, 19(4), 443-486. doi: 10.1177/009102609001900408 google scholar
  • Mobley, W. H. (1977). Intermediate linkages in the relationship between job satisfaction and employee turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 62(2), 237-240. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.62.2.237 google scholar
  • Mobley, W. H. (1982). Some unanswered questions in turnover and withdrawal research. Academy of Management Review, 7(1), 111-116. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/ stable/257255?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents google scholar
  • Mobley, W. H., Horner, S. O., & Hollingsworth, A. T. (1978). An evaluation of precursors of hospital employee turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 63(4), 408-414. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.63.4.408 google scholar
  • Molm, L. D. (1994). Dependence and risk: Transforming the structure of social exchange. Social Psychology Quarterly, 57, 163-176. doi: 10.2307/2786874 google scholar
  • Molm, L. D. (2000). Theories of social exchange and exchange networks. In G. Ritzer & B. Smart (Eds.), Handbook of social theory (pp. 260-272). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc. google scholar
  • Molm, L. D. (2003). Theoretical comparisons of forms of exchange. Sociological Theory, 21, 1-17. doi: 10.1111/1467-9558.00171 google scholar
  • Mowday, R. T. (1984). Strategies for adapting to high rates of employee turnover. Human Resource Management, 23(4), 365-380. doi: 10.1002/hrm.3930230404 google scholar
  • Muchinsky, P. M., & Morrow, P. C. (1980). A multidisciplinary model of voluntary employee turnover. google scholar
  • Journal of Vocational Behavior, 17(3), 263-290. doi: 10.1016/0001-8791(80)90022-6 google scholar
  • Mueller, B. H., & Lee, J. (2002). Leader-member exchange and organizational communication satisfaction in multiple contexts. The Journal of Business Communication, 39(2), 220-244. doi: 10.1177/002194360203900204 google scholar
  • Mulki, J. P., Jaramillo, F., & Locander, W. B. (2006). Effects of ethical climate and supervisory trust on salesperson’s job attitudes and intentions to quit. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 26(1), 19-26. doi: 10.2753/PSS0885-3134260102 google scholar
  • Mushonga, S. M. (2018). Why trust matters: The moderation of affective trust in the relationship between LMX and work outcomes. SAM Advanced Management Journal, 83(3), 30-44. google scholar
  • Naveed, M. (2019). Leader member exchange and employee outcomes: Role of trust. Market Forces, 14(1), 61-80. google scholar
  • Niu, W., Wu, W., & Ma, J. (2022). LMX and employee turnover intention: A social identity approach. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 63, 219- 228. doi: 10.1111/sjop.12800 google scholar
  • Örücü, E., & Özafşarlıoğlu, S. (2013). Örgütsel adaletin çalışanların işten ayrılma niyetine etkisi: Güney Afrika Cumhuriyetinde bir uygulama. Mustafa Kemal University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 10(23), 335-358. google scholar
  • Öztürk, E. B. & Eyel, C. Ş. (2021). Esnek çalışmanın iş tatmini ve işten ayrılma niyeti üzerindeki etkisi: Telekomünikasyon sektöründe çalışanlar üzerinde bir araştırma. International Journal of Management and Administration, 5(9), 17-32. google scholar
  • Parasuraman, S. (1982). Predicting turnover intentions and turnover behavior: A multivariate analysis. Journal of VocationalBehavior, 21 (1), 111-121. doi: 10.1016/0001-8791(82)90056-2 google scholar
  • Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2012). Sources of method bias in social science research and recommendations on how to control it. Annual Review ofPsychology, 65(1), 539-569. doi: 10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100452 google scholar
  • Purba, D. E., Oostrom, J. K., Born, M. P., & van der Molen, H. T. (2016). The relationships between trust in supervisor, turnover intentions, and voluntary turnover: Testing the mediating effect of on-the-job embeddedness. Journal ofPersonnel Psychology, 15(4), 174-183. doi: 10.1027/1866-5888/a000165 google scholar
  • Rich, G. A. (1997). The sales manager as a role model: Effects on trust, job satisfaction, and performance of salespeople. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 25(4), 319-328. doi: 10.1177/0092070397254004 google scholar
  • Rockstuhl, T., Dulebohn, J. H., Ang, S., & Shore, L. M. (2012). Leader-member exchange (LMX) and culture: A meta-analysis of correlates of LMX across 23 countries. Journal ofApplied Psychology, 97, 1097-1130. doi: 10.1037/a0029978 google scholar
  • Rousseau, D. M., Sitkin, S. B., Burt, R. S., & Camerer, C. (1998). Not so different after all: A cross-discipline view of trust. Academy of Management Review, 23(3), 393-404. doi: 10.5465/ AMR.1998.926617 google scholar
  • Schriesheim, C. A., Castro, S. L., & Cogliser, C. C. (1999). Leader-member exchange (LMX) research: A comprehensive review of theory, measurement, and data-analytic practices. Leadership Quarterly, 10(1), 63-113. doi: 10.1016/S1048-9843(99)80009-5 google scholar
  • Shrout, P. E., & Bolger, N. (2002). Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: New procedures and recommendations. Psychological Methods, 7(4), 422-445. doi: 10.1037/1082-989X.7.4.422 google scholar
  • Simons, T., & Hinkin, T. (2001). The effect of employee turnover on hotel profits: A test across multiple hotels. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 42(4), 65-69. doi: 10.1016/S0010-8804(01)80046-X google scholar
  • Son, S., Kim, D. Y., & Kim, M. (2014). How perceived interpersonal justice relates to job burnout and intention to leave: The role of leader-member exchange and cognition-based trust in leaders. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 17(1), 12-24. doi: 10.1111/ajsp.12038 google scholar
  • Stashevsky, S., & Koslowsky, M. (2006). Leadership team cohesiveness and team performance. International Journal ofManpower, 27(1), 63-74. doi: 10.1108/01437720610652844 google scholar
  • Steel, R. P., & Ovalle N. K. (1984). A review and meta-analysis of research on the relationship between behavioral intentions and employee turnover. Journal ofApplied Psychology, 69(4), 673-686. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.69.4.673 google scholar
  • Trinchero, E., Borgonovi, E., & Farr-Wharton, B. (2014). Leader-member exchange, affective commitment, engagement, wellbeing, and intention to leave: Public versus private sector Italian nurses. Public Money & Management, 34(6), 381-388. doi: 10.1080/09540962.2014.962361 google scholar
  • Tuna, M. (2007). Personel devir oranı analizi: Ankara’da yer alan yıldızlı otel işletmelerinde bir uygulama. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 18(1), 45-52. Retrieved from https://dergipark. org.tr/tr/download/article-file/154357 google scholar
  • Tütüncü, Ö., & Demir, M. (2002). Konaklama işletmelerinde insan kaynakları yönetimi ve işgücü hareketlerinin analizi. Turhan Kitabevi. google scholar
  • Uhl-Bien, M. (2006). Relational leadership theory: Exploring the social processes of leadership and organization. The Leadership Quarterly, 17(6), 654-676. doi: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2006.10.007 google scholar
  • Wang, P. Q., Kim, P B., & Milne, S. (2017). Leader-member exchange (LMX) and its work outcomes: The moderating role of gender. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 26(2), 125-143. doi: 10.1080/19368623.2016.1185989 google scholar
  • Wu, T. J., Yuan, K. S., & Yen, D. C. (2023). Leader-member exchange, turnover intention and presenteeism- the moderated mediating effect of perceived organizational support. Current Psychology, 42, 4873-4884. doi: 10.1007/s12144-021-01825-1 google scholar
  • Yılmaz, F. (2019). Lidere güvenin örgütsel bağlılık üzerindeki etkisi: Eğitim sektörü çalışanlarına yönelik ampirik bir çalışma. (Unpublished master’s thesis). Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü. google scholar

Citations

Copy and paste a formatted citation or use one of the options to export in your chosen format


EXPORT



APA

Erdurmazlı, E., & Kalkın, G. (2023). On the Relationship Between Leader-Member Exchange and Employees’ Turnover Intentions: Examination of Mediation Role of Trust in Leader. Studies in Psychology, 43(2), 321-343. https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2022-1067275


AMA

Erdurmazlı E, Kalkın G. On the Relationship Between Leader-Member Exchange and Employees’ Turnover Intentions: Examination of Mediation Role of Trust in Leader. Studies in Psychology. 2023;43(2):321-343. https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2022-1067275


ABNT

Erdurmazlı, E.; Kalkın, G. On the Relationship Between Leader-Member Exchange and Employees’ Turnover Intentions: Examination of Mediation Role of Trust in Leader. Studies in Psychology, [Publisher Location], v. 43, n. 2, p. 321-343, 2023.


Chicago: Author-Date Style

Erdurmazlı, Eser, and Gökdeniz Kalkın. 2023. “On the Relationship Between Leader-Member Exchange and Employees’ Turnover Intentions: Examination of Mediation Role of Trust in Leader.” Studies in Psychology 43, no. 2: 321-343. https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2022-1067275


Chicago: Humanities Style

Erdurmazlı, Eser, and Gökdeniz Kalkın. On the Relationship Between Leader-Member Exchange and Employees’ Turnover Intentions: Examination of Mediation Role of Trust in Leader.” Studies in Psychology 43, no. 2 (Dec. 2024): 321-343. https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2022-1067275


Harvard: Australian Style

Erdurmazlı, E & Kalkın, G 2023, 'On the Relationship Between Leader-Member Exchange and Employees’ Turnover Intentions: Examination of Mediation Role of Trust in Leader', Studies in Psychology, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 321-343, viewed 4 Dec. 2024, https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2022-1067275


Harvard: Author-Date Style

Erdurmazlı, E. and Kalkın, G. (2023) ‘On the Relationship Between Leader-Member Exchange and Employees’ Turnover Intentions: Examination of Mediation Role of Trust in Leader’, Studies in Psychology, 43(2), pp. 321-343. https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2022-1067275 (4 Dec. 2024).


MLA

Erdurmazlı, Eser, and Gökdeniz Kalkın. On the Relationship Between Leader-Member Exchange and Employees’ Turnover Intentions: Examination of Mediation Role of Trust in Leader.” Studies in Psychology, vol. 43, no. 2, 2023, pp. 321-343. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2022-1067275


Vancouver

Erdurmazlı E, Kalkın G. On the Relationship Between Leader-Member Exchange and Employees’ Turnover Intentions: Examination of Mediation Role of Trust in Leader. Studies in Psychology [Internet]. 4 Dec. 2024 [cited 4 Dec. 2024];43(2):321-343. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2022-1067275 doi: 10.26650/SP2022-1067275


ISNAD

Erdurmazlı, Eser - Kalkın, Gökdeniz. On the Relationship Between Leader-Member Exchange and Employees’ Turnover Intentions: Examination of Mediation Role of Trust in Leader”. Studies in Psychology 43/2 (Dec. 2024): 321-343. https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2022-1067275



TIMELINE


Submitted02.02.2022
Accepted04.04.2023
Published Online18.08.2023

LICENCE


Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC)

This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon your work non-commercially, and although their new works must also acknowledge you and be non-commercial, they don’t have to license their derivative works on the same terms.


SHARE




Istanbul University Press aims to contribute to the dissemination of ever growing scientific knowledge through publication of high quality scientific journals and books in accordance with the international publishing standards and ethics. Istanbul University Press follows an open access, non-commercial, scholarly publishing.